How Different Types of Traders Behave in the Taiwan Futures Market

This paper examines the heterogeneity of the disposition effect and its impact on profitability among three different types of traders, using complete trading data from Taiwan's futures market. More than 70% of the trading volume on this market comes from retail traders (RTs), with an additional 15% from foreign institutional traders (FIs) and proprietary traders (PTs). Both FIs and RTs exhibit the disposition effect whereas PTs do not, and FIs with a weaker disposition effect outperform RTs. This study provides evidence that RTs with the disposition effect tend to lessen the effect in the next period, exhibiting the phenomenon of mean reversion. While previous studies focus only on the static relationship between the disposition effect and profitability, ours explores the dynamic rather than the static behavior of RTs, providing a more complete and objective idea of their trading behavior. In addition, the positive relationship between the current disposition effect and prior profits suggests that the degree of the disposition effect increases when RTs have prior profits. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 33:1097–1117, 2013     

Intraday Liquidity Provision by Trader Types in a Limit Order Market: Evidence from Taiwan Index Futures

This study examines the dynamic liquidity provision process by institutional and individual traders in the Taiwan index futures market, which is a pure limit order market. The empirical analysis obtains several interesting empirical results. We find that trader type affects liquidity provision in a number of interesting ways. First, although institutional traders use more limit orders than market orders, foreign institution (individual) traders use a relatively higher percentage of market (limit) orders in the early trading session and then switch to more limit (market) orders for the remainder of the day until close to the end of the trading day. Second, net limit order submissions by both institutional and individual traders are positively related to one‐period lagged transitory volatility and negatively related to informational volatility. Third, net limit order submissions by institutional traders are positively related to one‐period lagged spread. Finally, both the state of limit order book and order size significantly influence all types of traders’ strategy on submission of limit order versus market order during the intraday trading session. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 34:145–172, 2014     

Credit Spread Changes and Monetary Policy Surprises: The Evidence from the Fed Funds Futures Market

This study analyzes the impact of monetary policy actions on credit spreads of various rating categories and maturities, using federal funds futures to distinguish between anticipated and unanticipated changes in the federal funds rate. Two proxies for monetary policy shocks are the surprise change to the current federal funds target rate (target surprise) and the shock to the future path of policy (path surprise). Although credit spreads consistently respond to the target surprises, they rarely respond to the path surprises after controlling for the effect of the target surprises. The way that credit spreads respond to the target surprises changes across the maturities of corporate bonds. In addition, the empirical analysis indicates that the effect of the target surprises on credit spreads is more significant in economic recessions than in economic booms. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 33:103–128, 2013     

Call Auction Transparency and Market Liquidity: Evidence from China

This paper uses the natural experiment offered by the Shanghai Stock Exchange to investigate the impact of opening call auction transparency on market liquidity. We find that the dissemination of indicative trade information during the pre‐open call auction session leads to an overall improvement in stock liquidity in the continuous trading session. Bid‐ask spreads narrow in the first trading hour because adverse selection risk fell significantly and there is less price volatility in the continuous market. This effect is greater for actively traded securities than illiquid securities. Our findings are robust for different lengths of sample period, different lengths of trading hours after market open, and stocks that had (and had not) reformed the share split structure during our research period.     

The relative efficiencies of price execution between the Singapore Exchange and the Taiwan Futures Exchange

Both the Singapore Exchange (SGX) and the Taiwan Futures Exchange (TAIFEX) offer future contracts based on Taiwan's stock‐market indices. TAIFEX reduced the transaction tax from 5 basis points to 2.5 basis points on May 1, 2000. Hence, empirical tests are performed on the differences in trading costs and information transmissions between SGX and TAIFEX for the sample periods both before and after the tax reduction. It is shown that the reduction in the transaction tax greatly improves the efficiencies of price execution. Due to the structural differences between these two markets, the trading costs and speed of information transmissions also are different. The results also provide implications for the relative efficiencies of different market structures. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 22:173–196, 2002     

Real Exchange Rate Changes and the Trade Balance: The Evidence from Pakistan

This study uses quarterly data from July 1980 to June 2006 to explore the relationship between changes in real exchange rate and the trade balance of Pakistan. Applying the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach to cointegration, we examine the existence of a possible long-run relationship. We find the following: (1) a long-run relationship between the series exists, and (2) the coefficient of elasticity is negative and statistically significant, which does not support for the J-relation.

Given this, the policymakers should take a conservative approach in using currency devaluation to cure the fundamental disequilibrium in the balance of payments. It is likely that such policy may not produce the desired outcome—i.e., the trade balance may not improve.     

The intra‐day price discovery process between the Singapore Exchange and Taiwan Futures Exchange

This paper focuses on the increasing competition between exchanges for listing similar index futures contracts and the impact this has on information dissemination between various markets. Specifically, using both the Hasbrouck and Gonzalo–Granger methodologies for extracting the information content held in each market, a comparison of information efficiencies between the Singapore Exchange and the Taiwan Futures Exchange is examined for Taiwan Index Futures listed in both markets. The results show not only a common stochastic trend between index futures and their underlying indices, but also provide strong evidence to suggest price discovery primarily originates from the Singapore futures market. There are direct implications of this result for both financial exchanges and traders—in particular, that traders realize price determination can arise from both futures markets, and the need for exchanges to maintain a reputation as an information center for these similarly traded financial instruments. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 22: 219–240, 2002     

Impact of Liquidity on the Futures‐Cash Basis: Evidence from the Indian Market

Arbitragers’ activities are constrained by market liquidity. In turn, arbitrage activity may trigger order imbalances adversely affecting liquidity. We examine this issue by analyzing the link between the futures‐cash basis and bid–ask spreads using intraday data on single stock futures (SSFs) contracts on Indian stocks. In contrast to other countries, the SSF market in India is very active due to retail investors’ prior experience with the badla system, a form of forward markets. The analysis reveals two‐way Granger causality between the basis and spreads in both the futures and cash markets. Evidence for spreads Granger‐causing basis is stronger for stocks with higher volume and SSFs that are relatively more active than underlying stocks. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 33:266–298, 2013     

机构投资者的交易行为研究:来自中国台湾股市的证据

文章以中国台湾股市为研究对象,主要研究机构投资者的交易行为。文章构建了机构投资者交易不平衡性指标——净交易,在此基础上研究机构投资者的交易行为。研究结果表明:台湾股票市场中以外资和投信基金为代表的金融机构投资者表现为正反馈的交易策略,并且交易的信息含量较高;一般法人的交易表现为负反馈的交易策略,并且交易的信息含量不足;而自营商由于交易动机复杂,交易的信息含量不明确。可见不同的机构投资者的交易行为并不相同。     

Price Discovery in the Pits: The Role of Market Makers on the CBOT and the Sydney Futures Exchange

This paper uses the methods of error correction and common factor analysis to estimate the contribution of locals (market makers who may participate directly by trading for their own account) and non‐local traders to price discovery on the floor of the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) and the Sydney Futures Exchange (SFE) during a period when open outcry trading was used on both exchanges. We examine these two execution channels for the CBOT's U.S. Treasury bond contract and the SFE's three‐year bonds, ten‐year bonds, ninety‐day bankers' accepted bills, and stock index contracts. For each of the futures contracts, the trade price series of local and non‐local traders are cointegrated. VAR analysis reveals lag structures eight to fifteen trades long in the dynamic adjustment of equilibrium prices in these markets, but time spans of only one to three seconds within synchronous trades. We find evidence of multilateral price discovery by the two execution channels for each of the five contracts. Locals account for 44 to 73% of the price discovery in the four SFE contracts and for 58% of the price discovery in the CBOT's T‐bond contract. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 24:785–804, 2004     

Further Evidence on the Firm-Size Relation and Stock Market Responses to Changes in Federal Reserve Margin Levels

The virtually monotonic firm-size/price-reactions observed following changes in U.S. Federal Reserve market margin requirements over the post-1962 period provide dramatic new evidence in support of the hypothesis that changes in margin levels are associated with changes in security return behavior. Variance tests of the 1970 and 1971 margin decreases also produce evidence consistent with this hypothesis.     

The Effects of Competition,Liquidity and Exports on Markups: Evidence from the UK Food and Beverages Sector

This study investigates the pricing decisions of the UK food and beverages sector over 2007–2016. The markup model formulated by Hall (1988) and Roeger (1995) is employed where market power is expressed in terms of pricing decisions reflected by the difference between the price level and the marginal cost of production. The analysis is conducted under three steps: the first step estimates the markup ratio of the UK food and beverages sector over 2007–2016; the second step provides the price-cost margin of the 32 4 digit level NACE Rev.2 constituent industries over 2007–2016; and the last step tests the relationship between the cross-sectional estimates of market power and the structural effects of concentration, liquidity and exports over 2009, 2011, 2015 and 2016. The results suggest the presence of imperfect competitive conduct in the sector, while the three structural effects appear to have a significant influence on the pricing decisions of the UK food and beverages industries.     

跳跃、流动性变化与价格发现能力研究——基于沪深300股指期货的分析

引入"方差互换"跳跃检验方法,详细考察沪深300股指期货各品种价格的跳跃行为,并以滚动替代统计方法识别跳跃发生时刻和跳跃高度,通过比较沪深300指数现货市场的变化和跳跃行为,揭示各种期货品种之间、现货和期货之间存在的关系,结果表明:在沪深300股指期货的4个品种中,离交割时间越远的品种,其波动率越大,但价格发现能力却越弱;在每个交易日内,股指期货跳跃时点有着明显的区间性,跳跃时点前后的交易量存在着一定的规律性;相比于现货,沪深300股指期货有着更好的价格发现功能。     

影响我国农产品期货交易所效率的因素与对策

为了进一步促进我国农产品期货市场的完善与发展,提高我国农产品期货市场的效率,对影响我国农产品期货市场效率的交易所因素进行了具体分析.指出当前我国农产品期货市场在期货交易所的交易方式、组织体制等方面存在的问题.提出建立多样化的与我国农业相适应的期货合约体系、降低交易成本,提高市场效率、进行农产品期货交易所组织体制改革等具体政策建议.