谁是市场经济的投资主体——解析洛阳东郊电厂的投资悲剧

计划经济的时代过去了,但计划经济的思想却顽固地残留在某些人的头脑中。洛阳东郊电厂从1992年开工建设,国家共投资710O万元,按照原计划和国际惯例,这样的小型电厂仅需要10个月到一年半时间建成并投入使用。但东郊电厂建了3年后,由于资金短缺(计划投资1.2亿)停工。建厂10年,投资连利息是1.3亿元,价值8000多万元的设备裸露荒野、丢失严重,仅从农村征用的180亩土地每年的收成损失就达100多万元,而洛阳东郊电厂至今仍是一个连图     

Care Data Infrastructure: A U.S. Case Study

This essay emphasizes the need to critically evaluate sources of survey data available to assess interactions between paid and unpaid care provision, including the extent of substitutability between unpaid work time and money expenditures. While it focuses on the U.S., it provides a framework for analysis of data infrastructure in other countries that could facilitate international comparisons and policy analysis.     

产品回报型众筹的投资者行为研究——基于AON和KIA的对比分析

互联网众筹为创意型产品的市场化提供了重要的融资渠道。然而,在严重信息不对称和制度配套不健全的情形下,极易诱发投资人非理性的行为偏误和资金配置的无效率。本文以众筹过程中出现的羊群效应和责任扩散效应为出发点,采用数据爬虫技术,以Indiegogo的微观面板数据进行实证检验,研究发现:产品回报型众筹的前期累计资金对投资者行为的影响在不同众筹模式下存在显著差异,在AON模式下,责任扩散效应占主导地位,而在KIA模式下,羊群效应占主导地位;并且该影响受到目标金额和截止日期的调节,在AON模式下,更高的目标金额可以缓解责任扩散效应的不利影响,而在KIA模式下,更高的目标金额则会抵消羊群效应的正面影响。因此,项目筹资者应充分意识到羊群效应和责任扩散效应对项目潜在投资者投资行为的正向和负向的影响,以及这种影响在筹资的不同时期所发生的动态变化;重视在筹资期间项目更新对潜在投资者行为的积极促进作用。     

“康赛现象”与我国股票发行上市制度

一 最近,中国证券市场的几起涉及高级领导干部的股票且闻都和湖北康赛公司有关,一家上市公司竞使得湖北省副省长、国家经贸委副主任和前纺织总会会长3名部级干部"中箭落马",不保晚节.令人震惊、惋惜的同时,更令人深思.人们认为康赛事件是由偶发原因被揭露的,而一些人利用审批特权在企业上市过程中谋私利搞腐败绝不是个别事件.更有极端看法认为,我国现有股票上市指标额度审批制是层层产生腐败的温床,事实上我国证券市场存在着"康赛现象".     

The Law of One Price—A Case Study

We use retail transaction prices for a multinational retailer to examine the extent and permanence of violations of the law of one price. For identical products, we find typical deviations of 20–50 percent, with some evidence for convergence over time. Such differences might be due to differences in local costs. If so, relative prices of similar products (round versus square mirrors) should be equal across countries. In fact, relative prices vary significantly across very similar goods within a product group. The finding suggests that differences in local distribution costs, local taxes, and probably tariffs do not explain the price pattern, leaving strategic pricing or other factors resulting in varying markups as alternative explanations.
JEL classification : F 41; L 11     

Environment-Friendly Behaviour and Competitiveness: A Study of Pulp and Paper Industry in India

This paper seeks to examine the relationship between competitiveness and environment-friendly behaviour of producers under an economic liberalisation regime. For that purpose, it employs a probit model and estimates the influence of the prime movers of industrial growth such as technical change and economies of scale on environmental degradation. The empirical results of the study of pulp and paper industry, identified as one of the most polluting industries in India, indicate that these variables, as the key players of competitiveness improvement, have positive influence on environment-friendly behaviour. Such findings, therefore, fail to provide support to a view that articulates ruthless exploitation of the environment under economic liberalisation programme.     

Efficiency in Crime Prevention: A Case Study of the Lisbon Precincts

This paper analyzes the technical efficiency of the Lisbon police precincts in order to investigate its performance. A stochastic cost frontier model is used to generate efficiency scores, assuming that efficiency is time varying. It investigates its efficiency and finds that the results are, at best, mixed since the efficient scores are low and not time varying. Therefore, an alteration of management procedures is proposed in order to enable efficiency to be increased based on a governance–environment framework.Financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia/MCT under FCT/POCTI partially funded by FEDER is gratefully appreciated. The authors also thank the participants at the International Atlantic Economic Conference in Lisbon, Portugal, March 10–13, 2004 for helpful comments. For our mistakes, the usual disclaimer applies.     

农业现代化中农地托管研究——以安徽省为例

农地托管已成为推动农业现代化的重要方式之一。结合安徽省农地托管实践可知,农地托管符合农村发展趋势和农民现实需求,有助于保障粮食生产、促进农民增收、推动农地规模经营健康发展,其通过建立契约、利益和技术联结保障机制、生产托管环节的统分结合以及提供具有系列性、全方位性和多功能性的服务,在农民增产增收、化解农业经营等方面取得显著成效。但总体看,农地托管仍处于初级阶段,需要加强引导、支持和规范。应以农民自愿、共同协商等原则推进农地托管,为农地托管工作提供制度保障,将农地托管相关支持政策落到实处。     

中国银行业的治理结构:基于案例视角的分析

治理结构是企业内控制度的重要组成部分,是企业经营管理的微观基础,关乎企业行为和市场价值。以处于转型和变革期的中国银行业为背景,选取12家代表性商业银行研究我国银行业的治理结构。通过对样本银行股权结构、董事会构成以及高管激励机制等几方面的分析,结果发现：当前银行业股权集中度仍然过高,大股东的股东性质比较单一,尤以国有股东为主;董事会机构健全,组织完善而激励不足。因此,体现我国银行业治理特征的不是传统企业治理范畴的内容,而是由产权结构决定的治理特点,或曰,产权结构的差异可以包容治理结构的主要特征。     

从古桥的无奈看国有企业的市场退出

目前,国有企业在退出市场过程中要面对经济、体制、感情等多方面的障碍。为此,国有企业退出市场时,在防止国有资产流失的前提下,要实施管理创新,变被动退出为主动退出;政府要加强宏观控制,降低企业退出成本,为劣势企业顺利退出市场创造宽松的环境和条件,形成企业有进有退的市场机制。     

Dividing Online and Offline: A Case Study

Every new method of trade offers an opportunity for economic agents to compare its costs and benefits relative to the status quo. Such comparison motivates sorting across market segments and reshapes the whole marketplace. The Internet provides an excellent example: it introduces substantial search cost savings over brick and mortar retail stores but imposes new obstacles for sellers to convey quality. Using sports card trading as a case study, we provide empirical evidence on (1) the sorting of product quality between the online and offline segments, (2) the changes for retail outlets after the Internet came into place, and (3) how supporting industries such as professional grading and card manufacturing adapted to take advantage of the new market.