Energy Restructuring in China： Retrospects and Prospects

Thirty years have passed since China first adopted the policy of reform and opening up to the outside. Reviewing and appraising the advantages and disadvantages of the government＇s energy restructuring policy in the intervening years is of great importance to the consideration of future reform and opening-up efforts in this industry. Energy production and supply have been a major part of the national economic restructuring. In this paper, the author proceeds from three angles to review and assess the reform and opening-up efforts in the energy industry, and suggests some direction and priorities for its restrueturing in the future.     

Elasticity of Energy Demand and Challenges for China＇s Energy Industry

I. Introduction Since late 2002, China’s energy demand and resources have become one of the most prominent issues in international discussions of energy. In our earlier studies of China’s energy demand as relates to transportation and urbanization (Gates and Yin, 2002; Yin and Gates, 2002), we took more of a long-term view and raised the possibility that even if China’s economy continued to grow rather slowly, which was the prevailing perception at the time, there would still be strong d…     

China＇s Energy Strategy in the Twenty-first Century

I. Introduction As the biggest developing country, China’s energy consumption has increased substantially. China is now the second largest energy consumer in the world and its primary energy consumption accounts for 13.6 percent of the world total. In the global energy market, China seems to have an endless appetite for oil and gas. China depends on imports for more than 40 percent of its oil. According to an estimation by British Petroleum (BP, 2005), from 2000–2004, China’s oil consum…     

Ownership Restructuring, Marketization and Wealth Inequality in Urban China： 1995 and 2002

This paper proposes a property transformation perspective to examine the mechanisms of wealth accumulation and wealth inequality creation during China's post‐1978 transformation. It examines how enterprise ownership restructuring, marketization and state politics have resulted in greater wealth inequality between cadres and ordinary workers, between public sectors/organizations and private sectors/organizations. Mainly drawing on data from the Chinese Household Income Project conducted in 1995 and 2002, we find that the property transformation process has created greater wealth disparity among different occupational groups and among those working in different work organizations since the mid‐1990s. However, it is inconclusive whether non‐housing wealth or total household wealth are increasing at the same pace across different occupations and work organizations with the growing market penetration and the spread of privatization.     

中国能源供需与价格的政策建议

2004年一季度，在经济快速增长的带动下，能源需求保持高速增长，部分地区、部分能源产品供应紧张状况依然严峻，能源产品价格总体呈上升趋势。一季度，能源生产总量达到33534．57万吨标准煤，比2003年同期增长11．4％，煤炭、成品油、发电量等主要能源产品继续保持较快增长。     

Changing Engines of Growth in China： From Exports, FDI and Marketization to Innovation and Exports

This paper investigates the changing sources of growth in post-reform China. Using crossprovince regressions, this paper finds that, in earlier periods, exports, foreign direct investment and marketization were significantly related to per capita income growth, whereas＇ since the late 1990s, foreign direct investment and marketization have lost their significance and have been replaced by new sources of growth, such as innovation and knowledge, with only exports continuing to be important. This finding is robust after controlling for other variables representing other economic policies and provincial characteristics. We also tackle the possible endogeneity of innovation variables using the instrumental variables estimation method.     

The Development of China＇s Electronics Industry： Causes and Constraints

The development of China‘s electronics industry can be attributed to supportive government policies, strong domestic market demand and the opportunities provided by the international transfer of technology in the electronic manufacturing sector. China‘s enterprises can only continue to develop through technological upgrading due to the lack of core technologies of their own. Since this process is still ongoing, China has not become a competitive country in the field of electronic technology. As a country in transition, government initiatives designed to encourage the development of the electronics industry have also undergone changes in line with economic institutional reform. Direct government intervention policies have been gradually replaced by indirect regulatory policies and the market is playing a more and more important role in the electronics industry.     

Urbanization, Rural Land System and Social Security in China

I. IntroductionIn Chinas transition and economic development, temporary migration, lack of basic socialsecurity arrangements for migrants, and frequent administrative land reallocation in ruralareas and abusive rural land requisition in the process of urbanization are all importantpolicy issues both in academic research and on government agenda. Many policyrecommendations have been proposed to solve these issues.As to urbanization and migration in China, the Hukou (urban permanent residentia…     

Energy Technology Advancement and Energy Policy Selection in China

This paper studies the system structure of energy technology advancement and sticking points of energy technology advancement in China. Then the marketing competence and supply and demand makeup of some primary kinds of energy in China are predicted. At last the policy selection to promote energy technology advancement is put forward for the future in China.     

Research on Customer Satisfaction Strategy in China＇s Real Estate Industry

This paper analyzes real estate market condition, studies key influencing factors to customer satisfaction, and presents corresponding customer satisfaction model and effective strategy framework, which are of significance to achieve customer loyalty and get competitive edge for real estate enterprises.     

能源贸易与中国能源安全

随着中国经济高速增长和城市化进程加快所引致的能源需求急剧上升,受国内资源特别是石油资源短缺约束能源产供能力短期内难以大幅度增加情况下,能源供求矛盾日益突出,石油进口对外依赖度也随之节节攀升。为此,本文主要通过对中国能源贸易发展状况、能源安全现状以及影响能源安全的制约因素等进行深入分析,寻求加快中国能源贸易发展、确保能源安全、促进经济社会可持续发展的基本思路与对策。     

基于能源安全与环境思考的生物质能产业发展

能源是人类社会生存和发展的重要物质基础,经济发展水平及所处阶段与能源利用量及效率密不可分。笔者从能源战略及其研究意义出发,通过对中国能源安全与效率问题的实证分析,揭示生态文明崛起与生物质能产业发展的必然趋势,文章最后是对新能源生存机理与生物能源政策的思索。     

Sustaining Economic Growth in China under Energy and Climate Security Constraints

I. Introduction China has impressed the world with a nearly constant two digit rate of economic growthover the past quarter of a century. For the first 20 years in the twenty-first century, the national target is to quadruple the size of the economy. However, the growth target is under increasing security concerns from the perspective of energy supply and climate change. As both energy supply and global warming are of global and strategic significance with clear implications for national econ…     

中亚油气资源开发合作与我国能源安全战略

我国经济社会的快速发展,使得支撑经济发展的能源安全问题日益突出。我国已经成为石油气资源的第二大消费国,第三大进口国,对外依存度在未来二十年内将达50%以上。实现能源进口多元化,就能降低对外能源依存所带来的国际政治经济压力。中亚与我国毗邻,能源蕴藏丰富。我国与中亚进行广阔的能源合作,将十分有利于构建国家能源安全体系。     

公共服务市场化：战略及对策

有效推行我国公共服务市场化,在战略上需要充分发挥政府、市场和公民社会三方面的作用,既要用足市场,又要充分发挥政府的有效性,更要培育公民社会分担服务职能,从而形成政府、市场和社会共治的互动体系;在实践中更需要合同承包,公私合营,民间投资和建立、健全相关法规等一套操作性强、行之有效的具体措施。     

日本能源安全保障分析

自1973年第一次石油危机爆发以来,能源安全问题日益受到世界各国的高度关注。由于能源极度匮乏,日本尤为重视能源安全问题,并在能源安全保障方面走在世界前列,成为全球能源安全保障的典范。文章分别从海外能源获取、能源供应品种的多元化、进口来源地的多元化、能源节约和能源储备等方面入手,分析了日本能源安全保障状况,总结了其保障能源安全的相关经验,并针对当前我国能源安全存在的问题提出了相应建议。     

保险产品市场化的国际经验及对我国的启示

保险产品市场化已成为全球保险市场发展中不可逆转的趋势，从各国保险产品市场化制度变迁的路径依赖和路径选择看。保险产品市场化的过程是一个在各自特殊特定条件约束下逐渐进行的系统性的制度变迁过程。现存市场运行中的一系列制度结构的存在及其发展演变，不但是各国保险产品市场化制度变迁的初始约束条件，也是保险产品市场化制度变迁得以发生的路径依赖。因此深入推进我国保险产品市场化，就必须借鉴保险产品市场化的国际经验，针对在我国保险业所存在的种种制度型障碍，开展一系列制度创新，这是全面推进我国保险产品市场化制度变迁的路径选择。     

市场化与城乡收入差距：基于中国省际面板数据的实证分析

在我国经济转型过程中,城乡居民收入差距呈现逐渐扩大的趋势。文章选取2001--2005年我国31个省市区的面板数据,通过实证分析发现,市场化程度越高的地区,城乡收入差距总水平也越低,但市场化程度的提高会导致城乡居民收入差距进一步拉大。因此,要缩小城乡收入差距,一方面要进一步推进市场化、城市化的进程,促进城乡经济的协调发展,另一方面要加大政府对农村的投入,构建起收入公平分配的各种制度安排。     

市场化发行方式与我国IPO定价效率的关系研究

利用衡量IPO(Initial Public Offering)定价效率的绝对效率标准,选用1999～2008年沪深市场的IPO数据,研究我国两次新股发行方式的市场化改革与IPO定价效率的关系。结果发现:第一次市场化改革不仅没有提高我国的IPO定价效率,反而降低了IPO定价效率;第二次市场化改革取得了一定的效果,新股询价发行的方向是正确的。