数据挖掘技术在物流企业管理的应用研究

本文针对物流领域的实际业务流程、业务需要以及实际拥有的数据进行了研究,论述了物流企业管理中数据挖掘的目标、算法和操作。阐述了数据挖掘技术及其在物流领域管理中的应用。     

中国乡城流动人口社会网络复杂性特征分析

借助社会网络等非正式制度方式实现再社会化是乡城流动人口融入城市生活的主要途径之一。对流动人口社会网络的分析不仅可以揭示其网络结构特点,也将为进一步研究流动人口再社会化过程提供理论基础。采用深圳市流动人口专项调查中的整体网络数据,借助复杂性科学,尤其是复杂网络的研究方法,系统分析了乡城流动人口社会支持网络与讨论网络的复杂性特征。在乡城流动人口社会网络中广泛存在小世界现象和无标度特性等复杂网络特征。复杂性科学可以为分析诸如乡城流动人口这样的复杂系统提供有效方法,也是拓展复杂性科学,尤其是复杂网络应用领域的有益尝试。     

我国企业社会责任评价指标体系的构建及其应用研究

以利益相关者理论为基础,参考深圳证券交易所发布的《深圳证券交易所上市公司社会责任指引》,构建包括对股东、债权人、职工、消费者、供应商、政府以及公益事业的社会责任评价指标体系。基于深沪上市公司2011年数据进行因子分析,发现不同行业的因子总得分、不同行业的同一因子得分、同一行业不同因子得分差异较大,表明不同行业及同行业在不同方面履行社会责任情况存在较大差异。     

Groups Formation and Operations in the Web 2.0 Environment and Social Networks

The Internet and the Web are evolving to a platform for collaboration, sharing, innovation and user-created content—the so-called Web 2.0 environment. This environment includes social and business networks, and it is influencing what people do on the Web and intranets, individually and in groups. This paper describes the Web 2.0 environment, its tools, applications, characteristics. It also describes various types of online groups, especially social networks, and how they operate in the Web 2.0 environment. Of special interest is the way organization members communicate and collaborate mainly via wikis and blogs. In addition, the paper includes a proposed triad relational model (Technology–People–Community) of social/work life on the Internet. Particularly, social/work groups are becoming sustainable because of the incentives for participants to connect and network with other users. A discussion of group dynamics that is based on the human needs for trust, support, and sharing, regardless if the setting is a physical or virtual one, follows. Finally, future research directions are outlined.     

Cannot Manage without The ‚Significant Other’: Mining,Corporate Social Responsibility and Local Communities in Papua New Guinea

The increasing pressure from different facets of society exerted on multinational companies (MNCs) to become more philanthropic and claim ownership of their impacts is now becoming a standard practice. Although research in corporate social responsibility (CSR) has arguably been recent (see subsequent section), the application of activities taking a voluntary form from MNCs seem to vary reflecting a plethora of factors, particularly one obvious being the backwater local communities of developing countries where most of the natural extraction projects are located. This chapter examines views of two Papua New Guinea (PNG) local communities hosting large-scale mining operations and explains the demands arising from situational relativities, which are becoming too conspicuous for mine developers not to ignore. The research undertaken with several assertions highlights the perceived imperativeness allowing companies to integrate the CSR into the essential management pursuits of running mines in PNG. The author is grateful to the University of Western Sydney and the Oceania Development Network for seed grants which facilitated the fieldwork for this paper. On the same token, two field assistants and a colleague who aided with the statistical analysis of this work are also acknowledged. However, any failings of the paper remain the responsibility of the author.     

“一带一路”贸易关联网络及其包容性增长效应研究

"一带一路"倡议提出的初衷是实现各国的共赢共享发展,那么沿线各国之间的经济合作是否能在促进各国经济增长的同时缩小彼此差距、实现包容性增长呢?基于"一带一路"沿线54个国家2006~2015年的贸易数据,借助引力模型和社会网络分析方法得到各国之间的经济合作网络结构特征,进而采用GMM模型对该问题进行研究。结果发现:在考察期内,"一带一路"贸易关联网络呈现出逐渐增强的趋势,中国、俄罗斯和土耳其等国家在网络中处于核心地位;"一带一路"沿线各国的经济合作能实现包容性增长,这与"一带一路"倡议提出的初衷一致。在合作网络中,接近中心度的影响作用最高,点度中心度次之,中介中心度排在最后,说明"一带一路"贸易关联网络的"直接联系"有着最显著的影响作用。     

基于共词分析的国际企业研发文本知识挖掘可视化研究

科技文本挖掘为企业研发提供一个很好的了解同业竞争者研发知识的工具手段,而共词分析及其可视化是挖掘企业基础研发信息的重要方法。以国际大企业IBM公司为例,挖掘其基础研发知识结构并对其知识结构进行了可视化展示。     

Beyond the Stalemate of Economics versus Ethics: Corporate Social Responsibility and the Discourse of the Organizational Self

The purpose of this paper is to advance research on CSR beyond the stalemate of economic versus ethical models by providing an alternative perspective integrating existing views and allowing for more shared dialog and research in the field. It is suggested that we move beyond making a normative case for ethical models and practices of CSR by moving beyond the question of how to manage organizational self-interest toward the question of how accurate current conceptions of the organizational self seem to be. Specifically, it is proposed that CSR is not a question of how self-interested the corporation should be, but how this self is defined. Economic and ethical models of CSR are not models of opposition but exist on a continuum between egoic and post-egoic, illusory and authentic conceptions of the organizational self. This means that moving from one to the other is not a question of adopting different paradigms but rather of moving from illusion and dysfunction to authenticity and functionality, from pathology to health.     

社会化媒体中消费者生成广告的影响因素模型及作用路径

如今社会化媒体中随处可见消费者对品牌信息的评论、转发以及创作与品牌相关内容的行为,这样的行为对品牌传播产生了极大影响,它相对于传统品牌传播方式更有效。那么社会化媒体中消费者生成广告行为受到何种因素的影响,这些因素之间存在何种内在逻辑关系？本研究采用立意抽样的方式,选择活跃于社会化媒体（微博、微信、美拍）中的消费者作为研究对象,使用扎根理论的开放式编码、主轴编码与选择性编码对访谈材料进行分析,最后结合选择性编码与“故事线”的方式构建了CGA-EESM影响因素模型。该模型显示：环境、经验、刺激与动机是消费者生成广告行为的四个关键影响因素,它们之间存在错综复杂的作用路径。     

Mining, Displacement and the World Bank: A Case Analysis of Compania Minera Antamina's Operations in Peru

The transformation in the structure of the world mining industry over the last decade has opened up enormous new regions for mineral exploration and development by transnational mining companies in countries in the South. This new access has inevitably brought mining companies into conflict with local communities. With the involvement of transnational advocacy networks and new global publics, these conflicts have prompted a growing transnational debate on the principles that ought to govern mining and community relationships. One effort to provide guidance on this question comes from the World Bank's Operational Directive 4.30 on Involuntary Resettlement. This paper examines the regulatory impact of this policy upon relationships between mining companies and communities, as well as its "legitimation effect" in providing standards which, once met, can serve to certify a degree of responsible behaviour on the part of the company. The analysis of the effects of the directive is taken up in the form a case study involving a transnational mining company operating in the Andes of Peru and the local communities impacted by its land acquisition project.     

会计信息的数据挖掘方法与银行信贷风险预测

基于信息熵理论和数据挖掘技术,文章提出一种会计信息的数据挖掘方法,投资者和债权人可用这种方法从企业的会计数据中挖掘出决策有用信息.本文以银行信贷风险预测模型构建为例,对这种方法的有效性进行了实证检验.     

Individual, Social and Organizational Sources of Sharing and Variation in the Ethical Reasoning of Managers

A growth in consumer and media ethical consciousness has resulted in the need for organizations to ensure that members understand, share and project an approved and unified set of ethics. Thus understanding which variables are related to sharing and variation of ethical reasoning and moral intent, and the relative strength of these variables is critical. While past research has examined individual (attitudes, values, etc.), social (peers, significant others, etc.) and organizational (codes of conduct, senior management, etc.) variables, it has focused on their influence on the individual – and not on their role in relation to patterns of group sharing and variation in an organization. Introduced as a new methodology to study ethics, microcultural analysis stipulates that to explain patterns of sharing and variation, one must understand how individual, social and organizational variables influence sharing and variation. Key hypotheses predict that managers who share in individual, social or organizational determinants will be more likely to share in ethical reasoning and moral intent. Qualitative and quantitative research supports the key hypotheses, finding social ties, personal moral intensity, Machiavellianism, locus of control and codes of ethics as significant determinants. Individuals who share in these determinants are more likely to share in ethical reasoning and moral intent. Additionally, regression analysis reveals social ties and personal moral intensity to be the strongest determinants. Based on these results, managerial recommendations focus on a holistic approach, manipulating these three determinants to cultivate a unified code of ethics within an organization.     

Assessing Social Capital: Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Germany and the U.K.

"Social capital" can be considered to be the product of co-operationbetween various institutions, networks and business partners. It haspotential as a useful tool for business ethics. In this article weidentify categories pertinent to the measurement of social capital insmall and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). By drawing on three differentsectors, one business-to-business service, one business-to-customerservice, and one manufacturing, we have enabled the consideration ofsectoral differences. We find sector to play an important part inrelation to business practices and social capital. Our inclusion of SMEsfrom Germany and the United Kingdom has called attention to cultural,institutional and economic aspects of two regions of Europe and how theycan influence SME social capital. Social capital is found to beinfluenced by context and, in particular, institutional arrangements. Inanalysing the data we note particular areas of interest from the pointof view of SMEs and social capital as being: formal engagement,networking within sectors, networking across sectors, volunteerism andgiving to charity, and finally a focus on why people engage. We concludethat there is a considerable amount of further research needed on socialcapital, SME's and business ethics.     

Work relationships and media use: A social network analysis

Our research provided empirical evidence about the alternative means of communication used by 25 members of a research group who had available to them: unscheduled face-to-face encounters, sheduled face-to-face meetings, electronic mail, telephone, fax, and desktop videoconferencing. The intent of our research is to learn whether there are elements in existing group communication patterns that suggest how future communication systems can be designed or selected to fit the actual work relationships of a group. A detailed social network survey provided information about what members of the group communicated about, how they communicated, and with whom they communicated. Most communication was done through a combination of media, but predominately through unscheduled encounters, electronic mail, and scheduled meetings; people rarely videoconferenced, telephoned, or faxed. Factor analysis reduced the 24 work relationships to six distinct dimensions: receiving work, giving work, collaborative writing, major emotional support, sociability, and computer programming. The proportion in which the three main media were used varied according to the nature of the work dimension. Our findings suggest that a multivariate perspective that considers group norms and practices, social networks, and work dimensions is necessary to analyze media use.     

社会保障税的税源与税率研究——基于2010—2050年人口预测数据

社会保障税费改革争论已久,实质问题不在于谁负责征税,而在于区分税费性质,理顺社会保障体系的结构。基于社会保障税的税源与税率的确定,以《国家人口发展战略研究报告》发布的人口数据为基础,以国民基础养老金为例,测算2010—2050年中国社会保障税的税率、财政支出占比与GDP占比,结果表明:国民基础养老金作为纯公共品,应由政府通过税收的方式为其筹集资金,资金来源的可行方式是征收社会保障税。     

人工智能发展的社会风险及监管路径研究

人工智能技术的出现和发展必然会引发一系列潜在风险,包括伦理道德危机、技术滥用隐患、极化异化风险以及军事战争灾难等。与此同时,人工智能时代的到来也使得诸多法律问题陷入困境,如法律主体资格的确定、著作权的归属、侵权责任的认定、人格权的保护以及无人驾驶汽车和替代劳工的相关问题等。对此,必须深入探究未来人工智能发展的监管路径,采取塑造多元价值目标、构建伦理规范体系、建立法律监管制度和加强国际协同合作等措施,有效规避人工智能带来的社会风险和法律挑战,从而最大程度发挥人工智能的积极作用。     

水电工程建设征地补偿和移民安置社会稳定风险评估研究

基于系统性与综合性原则、科学性与可行性原则、人本原则、定性分析与定量分析相结合的原则,建立了水电工程建设征地补偿和移民安置社会稳定风险评估指标体系,并运用模糊评价方法,对所设计的几种方案进行了评估和分析,选择出了最利于社会稳定的方案。     

黑龙江高等级公路网建设对社会经济综合影响分析

公路建设成网对各地区经济社会的各个方面均会有不同的带动作用。本文采用定性与定量相结合的方式,分析黑龙江省高等级公路成网分别对公路运输、公路网结构及社会经济的影响作用。分析表明不同等级的公路增量对GDP的增长产生不同的影响,其中高速公路的影响很显著;同时,公路网人口密度与GDP呈反向变化,公路网面积密度与GDP呈同向变化。