A New Linear Programming Method for Weights Generation and Group Decision Making in the Analytic Hierarchy Process

This paper proposes a new linear programming method entitled by LP-GW-AHP for weights generation in analytic hierarchy process (AHP) which employs concepts from data envelopment analysis. We propose four specially constructed linear programming (LP) models which are used to derive weight vector from a pair-wise comparison matrix or a group of them. We can use both interval and relative importance weights for each decision maker in LP-GW-AHP. In this method, solving only one LP model is enough for local weights derivation from pair-wise comparison matrices. Five numerical examples are examined to illustrate the potential applications of the LP-GW-AHP method. We show that not only derived weights of the new method have slight differences than Saaty’s eigenvector weights but sometimes they are better than eigenvector method weights in the fitting performance index as well. LP-GW-AHP is compared with a method which has been recently proposed for the weights derivation in the group AHP and it becomes obvious that LP-GW-AHP provides better weights. The simple additive weighting method is utilized to aggregate local weights without the need to normalize them.     

Group Decision Making with Dispersion in the Analytic Hierarchy Process

With group judgments in the context of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) one would hope for broad consensus among the decision makers. However, in practice this will not always be the case, and significant dispersion may exist among the judgments. Too much dispersion violates the principle of Pareto Optimality at the comparison level and/or matrix level, and if this happens, then the group may be homogenous in some comparisons and heterogeneous in others. The question then arises as to what would be an appropriate aggregation scheme when a consensus cannot be reached and the decision makers are either unwilling or unable to revise their judgments. In particular, the traditional aggregation via the geometric mean has been shown to be inappropriate in such situations. In this paper, we propose a new method for aggregating judgments when the raw geometric mean cannot be used. Our work is motivated by a supply chain problem of managing spare parts in the nuclear power generation sector and can be applied whenever the AHP is used with judgments from multiple decision makers. The method makes use of principal components analysis (PCA) to combine the judgments into one aggregated value for each pairwise comparison. We show that this approach is equivalent to using a weighted geometric mean with the weights obtained from the PCA.     

配送中心营运绩效评价分析

本文在阐述配送中心配送活动绩效评价必要性的基础上,首先对配送中心各要素定位进行定量评价,第二步使用AHP和DEA两种定量分析工具,各取所长,构建一种两阶段评价模型。在此基础上,构建配送中心配送营运绩效评价指标体系。     

Evaluation of technological and socio-economic issues affecting the deployment of home networks: evidence from the ICT-OMEGA project

Home networks (HNs) are rapidly becoming the next battlefield for various telecom carriers and companies. The European project ICT-OMEGA seeks to enable the convergence of the diverse wireless and wireline technologies at the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. In such a world of converging, heterogeneous HN technologies, system designers needs to take into account several technical, economic and social aspects that will effect the development and the rate of adoption of HNs by the general public. Careful roadmapping is required to ensure a smooth transition from existing to the next generation HN systems. The objective of this paper is to provide an evaluation of the key technological and socio-economic issues, which may affect the deployment of HNs. Within the OMEGA project, such issues are addressed using surveys conducted by the project experts, designed based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this paper, the results of the surveys, conducted using pairwise comparison (which is an important ingredient of AHP) are presented. Several critical aspects are identified and their importance is weighted. The conclusions drawn are important for the overall roadmapping effort of future HN technologies.     

SUPPLIER EVALUATION IN A DYADIC RELATIONSHIP: AN ACTION RESEARCH APPROACH

This article describes an Action Research (AR) framework applied to the supplier evaluation environment of a telecommunication company. Within this AR framework, data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used because the methodology can successfully delineate evaluation problems and then outline a desirable path. This leads management to continuously review and improve complex systems or processes. The DEA methodology coordinates the supplier evaluation inputs and reconciles what can be very diverse performance measures and even more diverse weights applied by evaluation team members. Finally, dyadic interdependence can be demonstrated by identifying the impact of changes in buyer performance attributes on each supplier's capacity to accommodate and adjust.     

基于DEA法改进的物流服务供应商筛选问题研究

本文根据数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)法的基本原理,在对此法进行分析的基础上,提出在运用该方法进行物流服务供应商筛选时应引入层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)和主因子提取法,建立DEA法改进的物流服务供应商筛选模型,从而弥补单纯运用DEA方法的不足,为物流服务需求方选择物流服务供应商提供一套行之有效的方法。     

基于AHP的含偏好DEA物流战略伙伴选择模型研究

物流战略伙伴的评价和选择是一个非常复杂的过程。基于AHP的含偏好DEA物流战略伴选择模型,将物流运作成本和评价指标分别作为模型的输入、输出变量,考虑到了工商企业对物流企业的输出指标的偏好。文章还对输出变量进行了综合处理,使模型更具有实用性和可操作性。     

基于层次分析法的配送中心选址模糊综合研究述评

针对配送中心的选址评价具有层次性和模糊性的特点,本文对已有成果进行综述并引入改进的AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process,层次分析法)方法确定评价指标的权重。在此基础上建立配送中心优化选址指标体系,进行两级模糊综合评价。     

基于AHP法的上市企业财务指标权重研究

在对上市企业进行财务研究时，如财务评价、财务预警等都需要处理一些财务指标，本文就是采用AHP法，确定一些有代表性的指标的权重，从而为一些财务研究提供依据和参考。     

Multiple Attribute Group Decision-Making Methods with Completely Unknown Weights in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Setting and Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Setting

The existing multiple attribute group decision-making approaches based on intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) or interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IVIFSs) are considered as the situation that the weights of experts are given beforehand and the attribute weights are known or unknown. To better describe the uncertain decision environment and solve the corresponding decision problem, multiple attribute group decision-making methods with completely unknown weights of both experts and attributes are proposed in intuitionistic fuzzy setting and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy setting. Entropy weight models can be used to determine the weights of both experts and attributes from intuitionistic fuzzy decision matrices or interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy decision matrices, and then the evaluation formulas of weighted correlation coefficients between alternatives and the ideal alternative are introduced in intuitionistic fuzzy setting and interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy setting. The alternatives can be ranked and the most desirable one(s) can be selected according to the values of the weighted correlation coefficients for IFSs or IVIFSs. Finally, two numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods: they are capable for handling the multiple attribute group decision-making problems with completely unknown weights.     

基于AHP和模糊灰色综合评价法的新农村建设融资模式研究

新农村建设包括农村基础设施建设、农业技术改造和农村经济发展等方面,需要庞大的资金支持。本文研究了财政支农、农村金融机构支农和农村非正规金融机构支农政策的实践效果,指出了三种方式的利弊;采用层次分析方法（AHP）对每种新农村建设的融资模式的指标权重进行了分析;然后建立了基于模糊综合评价的新农村建设融资模式的评价方法,并结合具体案例进行了实证分析。通过建立的基于层次分析法和模糊综合评价的新农村建设融资模式评价方法体系,可以帮助决策者更加准确和客观地选择新农村建设的融资模式。     

可持续发展视阈下企业绩效BSC-AHP-FCE评价研究

结合我国企业绩效评价的发展需要,按照可持续发展战略的要求,结合平衡计分卡的四维指导思想,改进平衡计分卡的结构内容,从持续增长财务、相关利益反映、QHSE运营流程、持续创新能力四个维度构建绩效评价指标体系,运用层次分析法确定指标递阶层次结构和权重,构建模糊综合评价模型,分层次进行模糊综合评价,并针对样本企业展开实例应用。     

创新型企业成长健康度评价研究

从影响创新型企业成长的主要因素出发,构建以企业健康度、企业成长能力、企业创新能力为目标层的创新型企业成长健康度评价指标体系,并运用层次分析法确定各指标的权重。通过建立模糊综合评价模型,对创新型企业成长健康度进行评价,系统而全面地评价创新型企业成长的状况,不仅对其实现可持续健康成长提供理论指导,也可为政府部门提供决策借鉴,对促进经济增长也具有十分重要的实际意义。     

基于多层过滤的第三方物流服务商选择

本文在第三方物流服务商选择的过程中,采用了多层过滤的方法。首先,采用DEA方法对参加竞标的物流服务商进行了相对有效性评价,在此基础上,采用交叉效率法对DEA的评价结果作了进一步的改进。最后,将定量的评价结果与定性指标融合在一起,采用AHP方法做综合评判,选出合适的物流服务商。     

长三角地区纺织行业上市公司绿色竞争力评价研究

在国内强调人与自然和谐发展和国际间绿色贸易特别是绿色贸易壁垒持续升温的形势下,纺织企业愈加面临绿色竞争格局,调整发展战略,提高绿色竞争力已成为必然选择。分析企业绿色竞争力理论,应用DEA法洁合AHP法构建模型,对长三角地区的纺织行业上市公司进行评价。根据评价结果,纺织企业应从外部环境和企业内部能力两方面提高绿色竞争力。     

Appraising Intangible Assets from the Viewpoint of Value Drivers

This article does not intend to actually valuate intangible assets but focuses to investigate the relative value distribution of corporate intangible assets, and this links closely to the concept and application of value drivers. This is because we believe that drivers or attributes of the value significantly determine how the virtual value of these intangibles can be created for companies. We apply the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to the appraising process of intangible assets. The AHP method can mainly sort the non-financial value drivers in order according to their weighted contributions. Therefore, the key purpose of this article is to develop a tentative model for the evaluation of intangible assets, which helps business to correctly appraise corporate value ratios and avoid bias due to mainly relying on financial statements when measuring an entity’s value. In addition, in view of the significant proportion of intangible assets over total assets in high-technology industries, this research, then, uses six industries in Hsinchu Science Park, Taiwan, as its research objects in order to test the applicability of its model, as well as exploring the value weights of intangible assets and its evaluation among different technology industries. Besides, the empirical result of this article is mainly to support business appraisal and thus improves the effectiveness of value-based management.     

港口可持续发展水平的多层次灰色综合评价研究

根据系统工程的基本原则和思路,建立了港口可持续发展水平的综合评价指标体系,并结合层次分析法与灰色系统理论,设计了多层次灰色综合评价模型对港口可持续发展水平进行评价与分析。实例计算分析表明,该方法能有效地利用各种评价指标的信息,计算得到的综合评价值不仅能用于描述评价对象的可持续发展状况,还具有横向比较多个评价对象能力的作用。该方法可操作性和实用性较强,对更加科学合理地评价港口的可持续发展水平问题具有很好的参考价值。     

基于数据包络分析法的绩效评估技术研究——来自军工上市公司的实证分析

本文认为,一种行之有效的绩效评估方法是开展高质量绩效审计的重要前提,而数据包络分析法(简称DEA方法)可以为绩效评估提供很好的定量分析工具。数据包络分析法属于非参数方法,无需事先假设函数关系,其评估不受人为因素影响,多用于对多投入和多产出的不同决策单元的效率进行评估。固定规模报酬下的多投入、多产出的效率评估模型(C2R模型)就是以数据包络分析法为思想基础的一个著名模型。文章以军工板块航天系9家上市公司为决策单元,利用C2R模型进行了运营效率评估,并通过对C2R模型计算结果进行效率分析、投影值分析及敏感度分析,构建了基于数据包络分析法的组织绩效评估技术框架。     

Minimizing Group Discordance Optimization Model for Deriving Expert Weights

This paper focuses on the problem of how to determine expert weights in multiple attribute group decision making. We first aggregate all the individual decision matrices into the collective decision matrix by means of the weighted arithmetic averaging operator, and then from the angle of minimizing group discordance, we establish a general nonlinear optimization model based on deviation function, and employ a genetic algorithm to solve our model so as to find the optimal expert weights. Moreover, we extend our model to uncertain multiple attribute group decision making, where the attribute values are interval numbers, and finally, apply our model to the plan evaluation of new model of cars of an investment company.     

农业上市公司自主创新能力影响因素实证分析

为了优化农业上市公司自主创新激励机制,选取部分农业上市公司作为决策单元,运用DEA模型对这些公司的技术创新激励的有效性进行评价,通过对其的DEA有效单元与非DEA有效单元之间的分析对比,找出导致其技术创新非DEA有效的因素以及强化各因素的作用,以期达到提升农业企业自主创新能力的目的。