浅析保险市场无序竞争

随着平安保险公司、太平洋保险公司等国内股份制保险公司的相继成立，之后一些外国保险公司也先后跻身于中国的保险市场，打破了国内保险市场由人保公司独家垄断的格局，中国的保险市场正在经历着由原来封闭的、垄断的市场向开放的、竞争的市场过渡，这无疑对激活国内保险市场，提高保险业的经营管理水平和服务质量，促进中国保险市场与国际保险市场接轨都起到了积极的推动作用。     

Risk Mutualization and Competition in Insurance Markets

The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of mutual firms on competition in the insurance market. We distinguish two actors in this market: mutual firms, which belong to their pooled members, and traditional companies, which belong to their shareholders. Our approach differs from the literature by one crucial assumption: the expected utility of the consumers depends on the size of their insurance firm, which generates network externalities in this market. Thus, the choice of a contract results in a trade-off between the premium level and the probability of that premium being ex-post adjusted. The optimal contract offered by a mutual firm involves a systematic ex-post adjustment (negative or positive), while the contracts a company offers imply a fixed premium that is possibly negatively adjusted at the end of the contractual period. In an oligopoly game, we show that three types of configurations are possible at equilibrium: either one mutual firm or insurance company is active, or a mixed structure emerges in which two or more companies share the market with or without a mutual firm.     

保险市场价格竞争无效性研究——以我国财险市场为例

我国国内财产保险业务自1980年恢复以来虽然取得了很大成绩,但依旧存在很多问题,特别是市场集中度偏高,导致市场竞争处于低水平竞争状态问题。本文根据市场份额将我国财险公司划分为在位者与竞争者两类,应用Stackelberg博弈模型,对在位者与竞争者的保险价格竞争从单时期和多时期两个方面进行分析,得出单纯的价格竞争是无效的,建议从产品和服务的创新、投资、成本管理和客户信息搜集与管理四个方面协助价格竞争的展开。     

Competition and Insurance Twenty Years Later

We are honored to address the European Group of Risk and Insurance Economists and will take the opportunity to make some reflections on the rather uneasy relationship between insurance and competition. Economists generally prescribe competition as a solution for markets that do not work well. Competition allocates resources efficiently and encourages innovation and attention to what customers want. Insurance markets differ from most other markets because in insurance markets competition can destroy the market rather than make it work better. One of the dimensions along which insurance companies compete is underwriting—trying to ensure that the risks covered are “good” risks or that if a high risk is insured, the premium charged is at least commensurate with the potential cost. The resulting partitioning of risk limits the amount of insurance that potential insurance customers can buy. In the extreme case, such competitive behavior will destroy the insurance market altogether. A simple model illustrates.     

从税收竞争视角看居民医疗保险筹资与商业健康保险发展

本文从地方政府税收竞争视角,探讨居民医疗保险筹资与商业健康保险发展的关系。在动态经济模型基础上,构建稅收竞争下居民医疗保险筹资与商业健康保险发展的理论框架。利用空间计量模型和合成控制法对理论模型进行系统的实证分析。研究结果表明:在财政下行压力和资本边际收益递减的宏观背景下,地方政府在民生领域的高支出竞争偏好,倒逼地方政府展开新一轮税收竞争,容易导致地方政府财政收入减少和财政困难,从而增加居民医疗保险财政筹资压力。在这个过程中居民医疗保险筹资水平提高,能够凸显商业健康保险在医疗保障筹资体系中的补充地位。     

谈商业保险不正当竞争行为的监管--对一起学平险行政处罚案的质疑与思考

根据法律规定,商业保险不正当竞争行为的监管部门是中国保监会．但是,工商部门经常查处商业保险不正当竞争行为,且不能准确使用法律。中国保监会必须加大依法监管力度,规范保险活动,保护保险活动当事人合法权益。     

财险竞争：依靠创新求发展

在财险竞争中,中国人保公司只有依靠创新才能求得发展,而创新的范围则包括观念创新,组织创新,产品创新,服务创新,市场创新等几个方面。     

Statement no.123 alternatives to recapitalizing the Savings Association Insurance Fund

Statement no.123 alternatives to recapitalizing the Savings Association Insurance FundMay 22, 1995     

中国产险业价格竞争有效性的实证研究

中国产险市场的迅速发展,吸引了大量机构进入,同时也加剧了价格竞争。本文用赔付率作为保费价格的代理变量,采用横截面数据及最小二乘法分别对中美两国产险公司保费收入增长与保费价格、保险公司费用率之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明,在产险市场中,虽然价格竞争对增加保费收入有效,但其却极可能导致利润减少;而降低保险公司费用率可以同时增加保费收入和保险公司利润。以上结论对中国产险业尤其有效,最后本文建议中国产险业应以降低保险公司费用率作为首要选择;同时要限制价格过度竞争。