我国上市公司的股权结构与多元化战略

本文探讨了股权结构与公司多元化战略选择之间的关系。实证结果发现,公司多元化水平与国有股比例和股权集中度均呈显著的负相关关系,与法人股比例呈倒U型关系,与流通A股比例及董事持股比例均呈显著的正相关关系,但与经理持股比例关系不显著。本文结果表明,代理问题是公司实施多元化经营的重要原因。     

中国上市公司股权代理成本影响因素实证研究

本文以2005年中国上市公司中1269个有效样本为分析对象,探讨了企业盈利状况、高管持股比例、资本结构、股权集中度、股权制衡度、终极产权性质、企业的成长性等与股权代理成本之间的关系。研究发现:盈利能力、负债融资比例、第一大股东持股比例和公司的成长性与代理成本呈显著负相关,股权制衡度与代理成本呈显著正相关,管理层持股比例与代理成本呈微弱负相关,由经营性或非经营性单位控制的上市公司的代理成本不具有显著差异。     

上市公司股权结构与公司治理的关系研究——来自装备制造业上市公司的经验证据

股权结构是影响公司治理的重要因素,利用多元线性回归对股权治理、债权治理、管理层激励三个层面进行分析,探讨其对公司治理的影响程度。实证表明:第一大股东持股比例、股权集中度、股权制衡度和管理者持股比例与公司治理呈正相关关系,而现金流动负债比率和资产负债率与公司治理呈负相关关系。然而我国装备制造业上市公司股权治理结构并不合理,应进一步优化股权结构、完善监管体系以及建立多元化投资体系等来提高公司治理水平。     

股权结构、股改效应与代理成本关系研究

本文利用2004～2007年沪、深两市A股公司的数据,研究股权结构、股改效应与上市公司代理成本间的关系。结果表明:股权集中度与代理成本呈显著负相关;股权制衡度与代理成本呈显著正相关,这说明,股权集中更有利于控股股东对管理层行为的控制,从而减少代理问题的发生;机构持股比例与上市公司代理成本呈显著的负相关,表明机构投资者的参与有利于公司治理环境的改善;上市公司是否完成股改与代理成本呈显著负相关,且股改完成年份越早,代理成本越低,表明股改效应的确促进了代理成本的降低,且这一影响随时间的推移得到较明显的体现。     

中国上市公司多元化经营与公司业绩之间关系的实证分析

以中国A股上市公司为研究样本,实证检验多元化经营对公司业绩的影响。研究发现,多元化经营水平与公司长期会计业绩、短期会计业绩和短期市场业绩均显著负相关,与长期市场业绩及业绩波动程度呈不显著的负相关关系,这说明我国上市公司多元化经营的确存在折价效应。     

汇率风险暴露会影响股权再融资折价吗

本文基于我国A股上市公司2006-2019年的财务数据和股权再融资数据,检验了公司汇率风险暴露与股权再融资折价的关系。研究结果表明：(1)公司的汇率风险暴露将使公司承担更高的股权再融资折价,而且公司的信息不对称程度越高,其在相同的汇率风险暴露下承担的股权再融资折价也越高;(2)公司的汇率风险暴露会带来更大的股权再融资规模,这是公司通过“择时”发行来实现的。进一步的研究表明,公司的汇率风险暴露还将引发更加显著的负向累积平均超额收益率、更昂贵的发行费用和更高的预案失败概率;“融资融券”交易可以抑制汇率风险暴露带来的股权再融资折价;严重的大股东代理问题会增加汇率风险暴露带来的股权再融资折价。     

电力上市公司资本结构对经营绩效的影响

本文通过对我国电力上市公司2014-2016年的资产负债率等数据进行收集,利用eviews统计软件分析资产负债率,流动负债比率,第一大股东持股比率、前十大股东持股比例等对净资产收益率的影响.最终得出资产负债率、流动负债比率、第一大股东持股比例与经营绩效呈负相关关系,而前十大股东持股比例与经营绩效呈显著性正相关关系.在此基础上,为了提高电力上市公司经营效率及效果,提出了明确债务与权益的筹资比例,拓宽融资渠道、股权多元化,优化股权集中度,控制流动负债比例等建议.     

信息披露、代理成本与公司治理

本文采用2004-2008年沪深两市A股上市公司数据,运用面板数据固定效应模型和Logistic回归模型,分项和综合考察了公司治理对信息披露质量和代理成本的影响。结果显示:信息披露质量与股权集中度、第一大股东持股比例、高管持股比例、公司控制权、公司所有权显著正相关,与股东人数显著负相关,与最终控制人属性无显著关联;代理成本与股权集中度、第一大股东持股比例、高管持股比例、公司控制权、所有权显著负相关,与股东人数、最终控制人属性无显著关联。     

代理问题、股权结构与公司多元化

本文以深沪两市1031家非金融公司作为样本,对股权结构和代理问题对公司多元化经营决策和绩效的影响进行了实证检验。本文研究表明,在国有控制的上市公司中多元化程度与国有股权所占比例呈U型曲线关系,这种关系在由地方政府和地方国有企业控制的公司中尤其显著。而在非国有控制公司中,没有证据表明存在这种关系。我们进一步发现对地方政府和国企控制的公司来说,多元化经营会显著降低公司的资产收益率;而在中央政府控制的上市公司中,多元化经营没有显著降低公司的资产收益率;在非国有上市公司中,多元化经营也没有降低公司的资产收益率。结果表明我国国有企业中普遍存在的委托代理问题是公司采取不合理多元化经营策略的动因。     

董事会构成研究——基于联立方程模型的分析

本文通过构建联立方程模型控制内生性问题,系统地研究了董事会构成的决定因素.结果发现:公司独立董事比例与公司业绩、国有股权、监事会规模显著负相关;与股权集中度、管理层持股比例呈倒“U”型曲线关系,与财务杠杆呈“U”型曲线关系;与法律环境、CEO两职兼任显著正相关.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。     

风险视角下企业治理结构和研发创新——基于委托代理模型的研究

本文基于委托代理模型,从风险的视角研究企业治理结构对研发创新能力的影响。本文构建了一个包含创新活动的委托代理模型进行理论分析,利用动态DEA 模型测算创新能力,并使用2015-2018年我国上市制造业企业数据进行实证检验。实证部分检验了理论结论:委托代理问题不利于企业提升研发创新能力,且客观风险和主观风险厌恶会加剧该负面影响。基于此,本文认为上市企业应根据企业自身研发活动特点有针对性地改善企业治理结构,提出了适当延长代理人任期、推动股权激励计划、提升代理人的风险承担能力等建议。     

生物群落结构原型的仿生学模拟

模拟生命系统管理规律的科学即管理仿生学,是知识时代仿生学研究的新领域与前沿.基于模拟生物群落结构规律的研究目的,采用仿生学模拟的研究方法,以生物群落结构为原型,建立了仿生群落结构模型.结论为:垂直结构、水平结构、时间结构与交错区结构是支持生物群落生命活动的结构规律,以该规律为原型,推理建立了仿生分层结构、仿生优化结构、仿生动态结构与仿生相邻结构,四种仿生结构分别侧重于管理资源的分层管理、局部优化管理、动态过程管理、相邻关系管理,该模型为建立类似生物群落的人造管理系统即仿生群落管理系统提供了仿生结构模型.可以预测,该模型具有广泛的应用价值,能够推动管理仿生学的发展.