An alternative solution method for goal programming problems: The lexicographic goal programming case

This article provides an example of the use of an alternative goal programming solution procedure. The solution procedure is applied to solve a lexicographic goal programming problem. In the process of illustrating the problem, a number of unique technical problems and their solution procedures are discussed. This study provides a flowchart as a procedural guide to aid in its use. This article also provides a comparative analysis of GP algorithms. The results demonstrate the tableau element reduction capabilities of the proposed alternative goal programming solution procedure.     

Workers,communities, and industrial property: An emerging language of rights

Out of recent national debates and local struggles over plant closings, an alternative language of industrial property rights has emerged. This language places the rights of workers and communities above, or on a par with, those of owners and managers. While this new language of rights coexists with more traditional conceptions of owner/manager prerogatives, its emergence suggests that rights of property ownership, which are often seen as relatively immutable structural constraints upon the capitalist labor process, may themselves be contested and subject to change.     

Manufacturing linkages, industrial dynamics and the transmission of growth

In order to identify the ‘propulsive’ industries of Perroux and the industrial hierarchy of Aujac, an interindustry connectivity matrix is set up using interindustry transactions data from the United Kingdom national input-output matrix. By powering this binary matrix a measure of the connectivity of each industrial sector is created. The best-connected industries are found to lie largely within the metal manufacture and engineering sectors. At the same time key industrial sectors which though small in output occupy critical positions within the matrix and the industrial core are identified. The implications of the findings for regional policy are then discussed.     

On the dynamics of industrial evolution

Recent ideas emerging from the Brussels school of non-equilibrium systems analysts are adapted to formulate some simple evolutionary models of a self-organizing industrial system. Certain forms of technological change are represented as structural fluctuations (innovative variations), which can result in quite different development paths for each industry. The chosen approach postulates a random element in the timing and location of industrial innovations, whereas the growth or survival of particular firms is still governed by economic and demographic constraints in the urban or regional marketplace. More complex models of industrial change, which allow for joint consideration of the demographic and industrial dimensions of social development over space and time, are also contemplated.     

Regional integration,international liberalisation and the dynamics of industrial agglomeration

This paper presents a 3-region footloose-entrepreneur new economic geography model. Two symmetric regions are part of an economically integrated area (the Union), while the third region represents an outside trade partner. We explore how the spatial allocation of industrial production and employment within the Union is affected by changes in two aspects of trade liberalisation, regional integration and globalisation, conditional to the skill endowment and the market size of the outside region. Our main contribution pertains to the analysis of the local and global dynamics of the specified factor mobility process. We show that significant parameter ranges exist for which an asymmetric distribution of economic activities is one of the possible long-run outcomes which may allow a smooth transition to agglomeration (in contrast to the NEG typical catastrophic scenario). In addition, we show that multistability is pervasive and that some attractors are Milnor attractors. Both results reinforce the NEG narrative on the importance of initial conditions for the long-run location of industrial activity.     

Job hopping, earnings dynamics, and industrial agglomeration in the software publishing industry

This paper investigates the implications of industrial clustering for labor mobility and earnings dynamics in one large and increasingly important high-technology sector. Taking advantage of longitudinal employee-employer matched data, I exploit establishment-level variation in agglomeration to explore how clustering in the software publishing industry affects labor market outcomes. The results show that clustering makes it easier for workers to job hop within the sector. Higher earnings levels in more agglomerated areas are partly attributable to sorting across locations among workers and firms in the industry on the basis of observable and unobservable characteristics. Controlling for this heterogeneity, workers in clusters have relatively steep earnings-tenure profiles, accepting lower wages early in their careers in exchange for stronger earnings growth and higher wages later. These findings are consistent with theoretical models in which agglomeration improves labor market coordination and facilitates greater learning and human capital formation.     

Job hopping,earnings dynamics,and industrial agglomeration in the software publishing industry

This paper investigates the implications of industrial clustering for labor mobility and earnings dynamics in one large and increasingly important high-technology sector. Taking advantage of longitudinal employee-employer matched data, I exploit establishment-level variation in agglomeration to explore how clustering in the software publishing industry affects labor market outcomes. The results show that clustering makes it easier for workers to job hop within the sector. Higher earnings levels in more agglomerated areas are partly attributable to sorting across locations among workers and firms in the industry on the basis of observable and unobservable characteristics. Controlling for this heterogeneity, workers in clusters have relatively steep earnings-tenure profiles, accepting lower wages early in their careers in exchange for stronger earnings growth and higher wages later. These findings are consistent with theoretical models in which agglomeration improves labor market coordination and facilitates greater learning and human capital formation.     

Coordinating public utility expansion, industrial siting and pollution control: A workable dynamic programming algorithm

Many rapidly growing regions are faced with the dilemma of wanting to encourage growth in the number of industrial firms located within their boundaries so as to reap the benefits of increased employment and added tax revenue while at the same time being concerned that new industrial development will be costly in terms of air and water pollution and the services of utilities which will be required. This paper presents a procedure for choosing among the applicant firms those to be allowed to settle in the region over the horizon. This choice is made so as to maximize net social benefits over the planning period subject to the relevant air and water quality constraints. Mathematically our procedure is based on two separate dynamic programming models linked through an iterative process which avoids the computational difficulties usually associated with large scale dynamic programming formulations.     

行业产能发展的系统动力学分析

本文利用系统动力学方法构建了行业产能扩张模型,通过灵敏度分析,发现固定资产建设时间导致行业产能超过需求,其中折旧政策对影响过剩产能绝对数量有明显作用,据此提出加强行业宏观调控、发挥行业协会作用,加快设备折旧速度,企业扩张更多采取兼并方式等应对措施。     

Scilab as an econometric programming system

This article reviews Scilab, a free MATLAB‐like programming system. Scilab can be used for data analysis and applied numerical work in both research and teaching. Scilab is an interesting alternative to some commercial programming environments. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Shop steward leadership and the dynamics of workplace industrial relations

Here the author reviews a new wave of research in how shop stewards actually operate in the workplace. He presents a selection of findings from a study conducted in several manufacturing companies which suggests that the shop steward operates in an essentially dynamic environment.     

Phases and dynamics in the development of EU industrial relations regulation

In this article the authors discuss whether it is possible to identify the existence of a European IR-system. They try to identify important phases and dynamics in the emergence of what is termed the European IR-model. It is argued that traditional IR-theory should be combined with theories which allow more extensive consideration of politological and institutional phenomena when analysing IR developments at pan-European level.     

Compensation for illiquidity in China: Evidence from an alternative measure

This paper shows that liquidity is an important source of priced risk in China. Using A-share stocks in Shanghai and Shenzhen Exchange over the period 2007–2017, we examine the influence of liquidity on stock returns. A new liquidity measure that captures multiple dimensions of liquidity is proposed. Fama-Macbeth cross-sectional regression shows that the expected return is negatively correlated with liquidity. Based on Fama and French (1993), we propose a five-factor pricing model by incorporating reversal factor and liquidity factor. Time-series regressions show that the liquidity factor makes significantly marginal contributions to explaining excess stock returns. The liquidity factor based on the proposed measure works better than alternative liquidity measures such as turnover, Amihud illiquidity measure and the measure in Liu (2006).