Housing expenditure and neighbourhood economic development

In low-income neighbourhoods, with limited commercial and industrial development possibilities, the only major local investment opportunities tend to be associated with housing and environmental upgrading. However, when these investments take place the typical experience is that the residents of the area enjoy only limited employment and training benefits from the works carried out. This paper assesses a number of initiatives where serious attempts have been made to secure long-term employment and training gains for local people in association with environmental and housing expenditure programmes in their locality. It shows that modest benefits can be achieved and discusses the longer run potential for such initiatives.     

Major overhaul of housing stock in economic and social terms

The article considers the state of Russia’s housing stock and peculiarities of existing schemes of accumulating finances for a major overhaul of apartment houses. The questions of the efficiency of the use of funds attracted from various sources of financing, and the social consequences of increase in population’s expenses for housing and communal services due to the introduction of mandatory payments for major overhaul have been discussed. An alternative way to finance the major overhaul has been proposed.     

我国经济适用房政策的执行失控问题研究

本文运用公共选择理论中的模型来分析经济适用房政策执行过程中相关三方行为分析,从而为政府在经济适用房这种公共经济活动中如何合理制定、并有效执行政策,以提高资源配置的效率、增进公共福利、促进社会公平提供建议。     

Community economic development: Some critical issues

Community development is an issue of continuing interest not only because of the need for more successful economic development within our cities, but because the survival of a significant portion of African-American poor is at stake. Community development planning seeks to improve all aspects of community life, including health, education, crime prevention, employment and training, business development, family stability, and housing. Community economic development must arise from our black churches, historically black colleges and universities, African-American officials, business leaders, teachers, and health and welfare professionals. In the real world, where group welfare functions are interdependent, only two possible long-term outcomes are both just and stable: win-win or lose-lose. Consequently, there is a need for significant Pareto improvements in all social programs. There are roles for both race-specific and race-neutral policies because long-term Pareto improvements can result both from programs such as targeted minority employment and training as well as color-blind policies that encourage legislators to forgo the coffers of the gun lobby and control the sale and use of guns. The paper will focus on the historical logic of public policy as reflected in housing policy, financing mechanisms under community development corporations, and the issue of an urban underclass. By reestablishing its commitment to the inner cities, the government can redress the onerous impact of two and a half decades of social and economic neglect and private investment re-trenchment.     

Relationship between economic indicators and volume of mortgage loans in Turkey

The primary purpose of this research is to identify the relationship between economic indicators and volume of mortgage loans in Turkish housing market. The economic indicators, which are used in the study, are mortgage loan rates, 12-month interest rate of Treasury bill, consumer price index, consumer confidence index, gross domestic product and monetary aggregate （M2） for the period January 2002 through December 2009.     

The structural and economic implications of urbanization

"This study surveys the policy issues associated with urbanization following the abolition of the pass laws [in South Africa]. The demographic background is briefly sketched. Using neo-classical analysis as a starting point, particular attention is paid to the present inefficiencies of city form associated with segregation. It is argued that current planning procedures are in danger of perpetuating or even worsening the situation. Obstacles to employment generation are considered and transport, local government and housing issues are discussed. On every front, urbanization policy is unstable and, even in the short term, there will be pressures to change it."     

Lodging as a migrant economic strategy in urban Zimbabwe

The 1990s were a decade of rapid urbanisation and growth of squatter settlements in African cities. Given the severe shortage of affordable housing options, a large proportion of urban dwellers choose lodging as the only economically viable, legal shelter option. Lodging is thus an essential element of the economic survival strategy of the urban poor. Based on a longitudinal study of lodgers in a medium-sized Zimbabwean city during the mid-1990s, this article explores the economic characteristics and strategies of lodging households during a time of rapid urban growth and worsening economic conditions. The article outlines the way these changes affect lodging household composition, shelter features, economic coping mechanisms and overall vulnerability. It concludes with a brief examination of the present urban situation in Zimbabwe.     

The recent worldwide economic crisis and the welfare of children: The case of Cuba

As a consequence of the deeply interdependent nature of today's world, Cuba has been affected by the world recession and by the critical roles of international trade and finance. However, the Cuban government has maintained a constant commitment to the protection of the poor and the children through increasing allocations of resources to education and health and through the promotion of increased levels of popular participation. This paper describes the improvements in the areas of nutrition, health and education and the persistent problems in the area of housing. It shows that the improvements observed have reached the majority of the population, eliminating great disparities.     

近年来房价过快上涨的原因探析——从住宅的特殊性考察

近年来,我国城镇住宅价格不断过快高涨,房价问题成为全国的焦点。住宅价格高涨的原因很多,住宅本身的特殊性是根本原因。本文尝试从住宅性质的角度来分析价格过快上涨的原因。住宅是必需品,超出基本需求的高档住宅就成为奢侈品,住宅还具有储藏财富功能。房价的急剧攀升带来一系列负面影响。本文根据住宅的特殊性,针对房价过快上涨提出以下建议:保证居民合理的住宅需求,抑制高档住宅需求,限制住宅市场的投资需求。     

产业化住宅部品体系的集成化探析

在当前我国住宅产业化的背景下,住宅部品体系是实现住宅产业化的关键。首先,文章从住宅部品体系集成化的角度给出了住宅部品体系集成化的概念,并分析了住宅部品体系的技术体系,包括技术支持体系、生产技术体系、管理技术体系以及流通供配体系,然后,对主要影响和制约住宅部品体系集成的部品模数制、部品模数标准、部品接口技术等作了深入的探讨。最后,对促进我国住宅部品体系集成的发展提出了发展策略。     

Asymmetric Fluctuating Behavior of China's Housing Prices

The present study explains the reasons for the imbalanced development of the Chinese housing market. Using the quantile autoregression unit‐root test, we examine housing prices in China's five major cities. The results show that the rising and falling of housing prices in these cities exhibits asymmetric reversion. When housing prices fall, market capital is highly sensitive to housing prices, and housing prices resist the pressure to fall further. However, when housing prices rise, the housing market becomes imbalanced, with housing prices tending to overreact in an upturn. The results of this study indicate that when housing prices rise irrationally, the government should intervene in the housing market promptly to prevent housing bubbles.     

我国保障性住房的发展脉络与制度创新研究

文章指出,我国当前的保障性住房是以经济适用住房和廉租房为主的保障体系。住房保障制度是政府利用国家和社会的力量,为住房困难群体提供其基本生活所需住房的若干制度安排,以便在房地产领域实行公共服务的均等化。文章认为,与商品房相比,保降性住房制度还很不完善,加快社会保障住房制度的改革与创新不仅能够改善中低收入群体的福利,也是我国加快城市化进程和保持经济可持续增长的重要保障。     

新自由主义化时期的发达国家住房政策演变

20世纪后30年代为资本主义发达国家住房政策新自由主义化的关键时期,文章分析了该时期发达国家的住房政策演变,内容着重于盎格鲁—撒克逊国家。首先讨论了住房政策新自由主义化的背景,然后从放松住房金融管制、重构住房补贴方式、促进住房自有和分散责任与风险四个方面分析了推动住房领域新自由主义化的具体政策,最后指出住房政策的新自由主义化导致了资本主义国家社会性住房剩余化、贫富差距拉大与风险增加。     

北京的住房政策变迁及经验教训

30年来,北京的住房配置由实物分配一统天下转变为以市场交易为主的普通商品房、限价商品房、经济适用房、廉租房并存的商品房和保障性住房并存的格局。文章认为,市场化是房地产业发展繁荣的根本原因,稳定房地产市场的发展依然是解决住房问题的根本出路。然而,住房问题的解决不能纯粹依赖市场,中低收入人群的住房要靠保障性住房来解决,因此,保障性住房政策需要完善。     

“小产权”房纳入廉租住房保障体系的途径衔接探讨

本文介绍了"小产权"房及廉租住房存在的问题,通过分析"小产权"房纳入廉租住房保障体系的衔接问题,寻求以廉租住房保障为契机,解决多年一直无法解决的"小产权"房问题。     

基于Logit模型的“蚁族”人群公租房申请意愿研究——来自广州市的调查数据

采用问卷调查方法,运用Logit模型对广州市"蚁族"人群公租房申请意愿影响因素进行统计调查分析。通过对13个影响因素进行检验,研究结果表明民众对公租房政策的了解程度、公租房申请手续繁琐程度、理想的公租房面积、公租房布局、公租房项目离工作地点距离等因素显著影响"蚁族"人群公租房申请意愿。提出公租房项目开发要重视对申请方的实际需求调查,要对显著影响公租房申请意愿的因素加以控制,从而以市场需求为导向,从供给侧角度优化公租房政策,提升"蚁族"人群公租房申请意愿。     

The long-run effects of housing location on travel behavior: Evidence from China's housing reform

Many cities in developing countries are experiencing rapid urbanization along with deteriorating traffic congestion and air quality, so it is important to understand what affects travel demand in developing countries. In this paper, we study how housing location affects travel behavior in Beijing, a city in a developing country. We use subsidized housing as a source of variation for housing location—individuals in subsidized housing live much closer to the city center than individuals in the control group. We exploit a change in the eligibility for subsidized housing generated by China's housing reforms to address the potential endogeneity of subsidized housing. We find that subsidized housing substantially reduces distances traveled for commuting and discretionary trips and that subsidized individuals are less likely to drive but have similar rates of automobile ownership. The results suggest that housing location can have long-lasting effects on travel behavior and automobile use in a developing country. We discuss policy implications of these findings.     

香港公屋政策的反思和启示

香港早期公屋建设为社会发展提供安全网,支持香港经济转型并促进经济发展。1987年开始实施的长远房屋策略促进了房地产业发展,使房地产成为影响公屋政策重要因素。此后房委会改组为财政自主机构、停建居屋和及消减公屋建设量等改革措施对公屋政策发展的产生影响。保障居民的居住权是住房政策的核心,住房保障政策应该作为一项重要的社会政策而非经济政策的补充。内地应该借鉴香港等地的实践经验,在经济上避免对房地产业的过分依赖,并由政府主导建立住房保障制度保障居民的居住权利,同时通过政府的主导和扶持保证住房保障政策的公平性。     

The dynamics of housing affordability for the population of Russia in 2008–2014

The article discusses the dynamics of affordability for the Russia’s population of purchase of ownership of housing in the period between the two crises of 2008 and 2014. We conducted a comparative analysis of the results of housing affordability assessment made using different methods. We constructed a typology of Russian regions, i.e., subjects of the Russian Federation on a classical housing affordability index. We made an estimate of the proportion of housing affordable for acquisition by the population and the proportion of households with the opportunity to purchase standard housing. Multivariate calculations conducted will improve the objectivity and reliability of the assessment of housing affordability level. It is shown that the financial affordability of housing in Russia after the crisis of 2008 has increased in all considered indices.     

Housing for blacks: A challenge for kansas city

City planners, neighborhood groups and financial institutions, and other business partners need to develop a comprehensive plan to increase affordable housing for minorities and to integrate neighborhoods. Kansas City, Missouri is a city with a high potential for good housing for all of its citizens, but adequate housing continues to elude many of its black residents. Compared to other U.S. cities of similar size, Kansas City has good housing stock, but a large number of black people are suffering from a shortage of low rent housing. In addition, among Kansas Citians, blacks have the lowest quality housing stock. Two reasons for the deficit in housing for black Americans in Kansas City are demolitions among the low-rent housing stock and discrimination in housing rentals.