论假日经济内涵、特征及其与假日旅游之联系

旅游学界对于将假日经济等同于假日旅游虽然提出了质疑 ,但却始终未能获取明晰的答案。由此 ,本文将运用数理经济方法 ,对假日经济的经济内涵、特征及其与假日旅游的联系作出定性说明 ,以期为发展假日旅游有所裨益。     

Information processing and touring planning theory

Tourists vary greatly in the extent to which they choose elements of their vacation prior to the commencement of the vacation. For a touring vacation, the extent to which a specific set of locations to visit has been planned prior to departure will vary between individuals. This study presents a structural model of pre-vacation decision-making for a touring vacation. The model demonstrates pre-vacation decision-making as comprising three distinct activities – information search, vacation plans, and vacation bookings – and incorporates characteristics of the vacation and characteristics of the tourist that influence the amounts and types of each of these activities undertaken.     

新休假制度对国内旅游流时空结构及旅游开发的影响分析

时间因素对旅游流时空结构和旅游开发具有重要的影响.本文基于我国新出台的休假调整方案,对国内旅游流时空结构的演变趋势和对旅游开发的影响进行了系统分析,认为休假调整方案对优化旅游流时空结构和旅游产业空间布局,缓解我国国内旅游的诸多矛盾与问题将产生积极的影响,并对引导旅游开发方式转变,促进区域旅游协调与可持续发展具有极为重要的意义.     

家庭旅游研究进展——基于2000-2019年英文文献的综述

家庭旅游是全球旅游业最重要的细分市场。近年来,我国家庭旅游市场的规模和发展潜力受到业界的广泛关注,但相对于我国家庭旅游市场的发展实践,国内学术界对这一细分市场的研究明显不足。文章对2000-2019年发表在英文期刊的136篇家庭旅游文献进行了系统梳理,研究发现国际学术界日益关注家庭旅游,文献数量不断增长,但研究地域主要集中在北美和欧洲等发达国家和地区。研究方法以定量研究为主,研究主题、数据获取方法呈现出多元化的趋势,研究对象聚焦儿童参与的核心家庭旅游活动。研究主要以家庭消费的计量模型、家庭角色和家庭资源/权力理论、体验理论和家庭功能理论等为基础,可归纳为消费、决策、体验和功能等4个研究视角。基于英文研究的局限,并结合中国的文化、家庭、市场和社会特征,文章提出了中国家庭旅游研究应该重点关注的4个方向:(1)中国文化价值观及其影响;(2)中国家庭角色和结构特征;(3)家庭旅游市场的供给研究;(4)积极老龄化(active aging)和社会功能。     

崇明岛绿色度假旅游项目规划及线路设计构想

上海市旅游资源以现代化都市景观为主 ,自然的休闲旅游地缺乏。崇明岛是中国第三大岛 ,毗邻上海市区 ,岛内环境优美 ,因此 ,依据旅游资源与区位优势 ,崇明岛适宜发展绿色休闲度假旅游 ,并将最终建成为上海的“后花园” ,旅游潜力巨大。本文就崇明岛发展绿色度假旅游作了分析 ,重点对旅游项目规划提出了设想并对岛内与岛外旅游线路进行了设计。     

国家级旅游度假区的空间分异及影响因素

旅游度假区是近年来旅游消费转型升级的建设热点,从全局视角认识国家级旅游度假区的空间分布特征和影响因素对于优化中国度假旅游产业布局、促进度假区高质量发展,以及建设世界级度假区具有重要意义。本文在回顾中国旅游度假区发展历程的基础上,以2015—2020年45家国家级旅游度假区为数据基础,对其空间分布特征和影响因素进行了初步分析。研究表明：（1）当前国家级旅游度假区尚处于起步发展阶段,整体上呈现出东多西少、南多北少的空间分异格局;（2）国家级旅游度假区初步形成了“大分散、小集中”的集聚形态,呈现出以浙江、江苏为核心的“单核主导型”空间格局;（3）国家级旅游度假区的空间分布受到诸多自然因素和人文因素的共同作用,其中,资源禀赋是度假区空间分异的制约性因素,国家政策引导是度假区空间分异的关键性因素,市场发育程度是度假区供需格局差异的内在动力,假日制度直接影响度假者出行距离和目的地选择进而影响度假区空间分布,大型赛事活动是度假区空间分异的助推因素。据此为国家级旅游度假区空间格局优化和高质量发展提出相关建议,最后对当前及今后一段时间内中国旅游度假区高质量发展研究的相关问题进行了展望。     

Vacation travel planning segments: Self-planning vs. users of motor club and travel agents

The characteristics and travel behavior of 2,436 respondents are analyzed with respect to their use of planning assistance for vacation travel. Differences were detected between the three planning segments: self-planners, motor club users and travel agent users, e.g., travel agent users traveled more often by air and for multiple purposes. Substantial similarities were found between self-planners and motor club users. In general, the use of professional planning assistance increased as the distance to be traveled increased. The findings support the development of specific marketing programs developed for the motor clubs and travel agent users by destination managers.     

志愿观光的体验研究:广州亚运信使观光团案例

20世纪80年代,志愿旅游在西方兴起,分为度假为主的志愿观光和志愿为主的志愿旅游两个类别。目前,国内外研究集中于后者,而文章则聚焦前者的体验。根据志愿经验和意愿以及志愿活动的组织水平,志愿观光者被划分为四类,拥有不同的观光和志愿体验组合,而志愿活动也被划分为四类,带来不同的体验。搭便车者和失望的信使更靠近大众旅游者,旅途信使感受到团队互动的归宿感和凝聚力,但真正信使的志愿感受最为丰富,触及到志愿精神的本质。志愿活动能否对旅游者产生影响取决于两个因素:志愿的需求和经验是首要因素,其次是志愿活动的设计和管理。文章最后为旅行社开发类似产品提供了营销策略。     

What Does Vacation do to our Family? Contrasting the Perspectives of Parents and Children

Family has been identified as the most important consumption unit. This research builds on related theories of family system and vacation functions and empirically examines the dimensionality of family vacation functions. Through focus group interviews and survey techniques, a typology of family vacation functions was identified. Stressing both “home environment” and “destination environment,” “we” and “individual,” the functions are “Bonding and Sharing,” “Communication,” “Escape and Relaxation,” “Children’s Learning,” and “Novelty Seeking.” Fathers, mothers, and children showed significant differences in their perception of these five dimensions. Parents, especially mothers, appeared to be much more group well-being oriented, and their aspirations for vacation performing various functions were much more pronounced. Children did not demonstrate the equal amount of enthusiasm towards family vacation. Implications were discussed from both academic and applied perspectives.     

The relationship between interest rate and tourism activities

Investment theory proposes that interest rate affects an individual's cross-time consumption decision. This study examines the impact of interest rate on air travel, national park stay and restaurant patronage, as compared with its impact on two non-tourism consumption activities. The findings suggest that interest rate has a negative impact on tourism activities involving significant amounts of time and money.     

“When You See Nature,Nature Give You Something Inside”: The Role of Nature-based Leisure in Fostering Refugee Well-being in Canada

This study investigated the impacts of nature-based leisure on the well-being of refugees in Canada. For this interpretive study we used semi-structured interviews and photo-elicitation to explore four refugees' experiences of a two-day winter camping experience in northern Alberta and how it might foster their well-being. Participants, from three African countries, and Iran, welcomed an opportunity to be away in a natural setting, to connect with others, to learn new activities, involve their families, and as a distraction from their daily lives. Refugees acknowledged the welcoming efforts of the social services and parks agencies in bolstering their confidence and well-being. Refugees' experiences underscored both the importance of access to nature-based leisure in mitigating stress, and host societies' attitudes toward newcomers in fostering their well-being. Our findings suggest that developing nature-based leisure opportunities for refugees may promote their well-being and sense of belonging.     

Climate Variability in the Origin Countries as a “Push” Factor on Tourist Arrivals in the Philippines

The objective of this paper is to test the impact of climate variability in origin countries as a “push factor” on tourist arrivals, specifically in the Philippines, and to select a suitable proxy to measure climate variability. This paper uses the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) constructed by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Climate variability is strongly linked to the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and this link is used by meteorologists to forecast changes in weather globally. SOI is a widely used indicator of the ENSO and its best known extremes are the El Niño (warm phase) and La Niña (cold phase) effects. The study proves to some extent that there is a significant increase in US tourist arrivals in the Philippines when La Niña-like weather conditions prevail in the USA. More importantly, the SOI proved to be a good measure of climate variability.     

因何而美:旅游审美体验的溯源与机制

随着审美活动逐渐成为生产、交换与消费系统中的结构性组成部分,厘清旅游者审美体验的心理结构维度及内部互动机理至关重要。援引认知心理学的双系统理论,文章提出了旅游审美心理机制的理论框架,选取典型审美个体与审美群体样本,并结合案例分析与社会网络分析方法,论证了包括美的知觉-美的理解-美的共创-美的审视-美的表达-美的转移在内的旅游审美体验的6个心理结构维度,各维度循环往复,实现启发机制到系统机制再回归启发机制的审美心理过程,游客在螺旋式循环的心理活动中实现了由浅入深的旅游审美体验,并最终超越感官刺激下的审美偏狭,实现了逐步递进的美之生命体验。     

Using a tourism importance–performance typology to investigate environmental sustainability on a global level

A major issue surrounding the tourism industry is the trade-off between the positive and negative impacts of increased visitation. Countries welcome tourism's positive effects on their economy but fear tourism's impact on culture and environment. There is also debate about tourism's effectiveness in reducing poverty and sharing economic benefits across residents. In this study, 120 countries were grouped on the basis of the relative importance of tourism to their economies and their relative performance in terms of international tourism receipts per capita. Then, the profiles for the categories derived from this tourism importance–performance typology were examined, and their environmental performance compared across categories using indicators that measure environmental health and ecosystem vitality. The majority of countries fell into the categories with a consistent level of importance and performance (i.e. low importance/low performance and high importance/high performance). Overall, the countries in the two high performance categories (i.e. low importance/high performance and high importance/high performance) fared better in terms of environmental health and ecosystem vitality. The results are presented in detail and the policy implications for tourism managers are discussed.     

国外休假制度及其对中国的借鉴

中国休假制度的改进和完善,离不开对国际经验的借鉴.本文首先对国外休假制度和休假状况进行了系统的梳理和分析,接着针对中国情况,深入探究了其对中国休假制度的借鉴作用.本文从新的视角审视了中国休假制度,拓展了休假制度研究的领域,并且指明了中国休假制度完善的方向.