中国与“一带一路”沿线国家机电产品产业内贸易影响因素研究

利用中国与“一带一路”沿线国家机电产品贸易数据,计算其产业内贸易水平,选取市场规模差距、人均收入水平差距等因素,实证分析中国机电产品产业内贸易水平对各影响因素变化的敏感程度。研究发现,市场规模差距与贸易开放度对中国与“一带一路”沿线国家机电产品产业内贸易水平影响较大;市场规模差距对产业内贸易水平具有抑制作用,而贸易开放度具有促进作用;人均收入差距、中国的OFDI和技术水平差距可以提高中国与“一带一路”沿线国家机电产品产业内贸易水平,而地理距离对其具有显著的负向影响;各影响因素对不同线路和不同产业内贸易类型国家的影响存在差异。因此,可以通过机电产品产业结构转型升级、加强国家间经济合作、深化区域经济一体化水平等政策,以提高中国与“一带一路”沿线国家机电产品产业内贸易水平。     

中国、日本与东盟产业内贸易比较分析

中国-东盟自由贸易区（CAFTA）的建立,为中国和东盟发展产业内贸易提供了新的契机。本文利用东盟秘书处网站数据,通过实证分析方法,比较分析了中国、日本与东盟产业内贸易水平,揭示了中日与东盟产业内贸易水平差异的原因,并提出促进中国与东盟产业内贸易发展的几点建议。     

中日农产品产业内贸易研究——基于1997～2008年的进出口贸易数据

采用Grubel-Lloyd计量法、GHM分解法评估1997～2008年以来中国与日本农产品产业内贸易水平及结构特征,实证分析结果显示:中国与日本总体农产品产业内贸易水平、各大类农产品及主要农产品的产业内贸易水平较低.农产品产业内贸易结构以技术差异为特征的垂直型产业内贸易为主.特别是以低质量的垂直型产业内贸易为主;中日间绝大多数农产品的贸易方式是产业间贸易.     

中日钢铁产业内贸易及影响因素实证分析

为了研究中日间钢铁产业内贸易及其主要影响因素,首先,选用相关指数和方法对1990～2009年两国钢铁产业内贸易水平进行分类测量发现,中日钢铁总体产业内贸易水平呈波浪形增长,产业内贸易模式以垂直型产业内贸易为主;其次,运用时间序列分析对总体产业内贸易、水平型和垂直型产业内贸易与各影响因素分别进行了协整检验和Granger因果检验,在实证结论基础上文章提出重点应在优化出口产品结构、提高市场集中度、提高自主创新能力等方面努力。     

CEPA新背景下我国内地与香港服务业产业内贸易分析

CEPA新协议的签订使香港和内地基本上实现了服务贸易的自由化,在此新背景下研究香港与内地的产业内贸易对两边服务贸易的发展具有重要的意义.本文在比较两边主要服务贸易行业竞争力大小的基础上,通过GL指数和MIIT指数测度两边的产业内贸易水平,发现两边在不同行业上产业内贸易水平不同.最后为两边提高产业内贸易水平,更好地发展服务贸易提出相关的政策建议.     

我国产业内贸易的实证研究及启示

本文利用1992～2009年的贸易统计数据对我国的产业内贸易进行分析,发现我国产业内贸易水平提高的主要原因之一是零部件产业内贸易水平的不断提高,而零部件产业内贸易的迅速发展主要是我国在组装环节和低端零部件的生产方面拥有优 势.通过实证分析发现,FDI是促进我国制成品产业内贸易和零部件产业内贸易水平提高的重要因素,但是其...     

中俄农产品产业内贸易水平与结构分析——基于丝绸之路经济带战略背景

本文采用三种指数对1997—2013年中俄农产品产业内贸易水平、结构及影响因素进行实证分析。发现其产业内贸易与产业间贸易并存;产业间贸易占主导地位,产业内贸易呈增长态势;产业内贸易以垂直型为主,水平型产业内贸易近年呈增长趋势;影响其贸易水平的主要因素有经济规模、人均收入差异、市场开放度和农产品贸易不平衡。     

日本制造业产业内贸易的特点及原因分析

日本作为东亚地区经济最发达的国家,对东亚地区产业结构升级、贸易互补贡献巨大。近些年来,日本的对外贸易结构有了新的发展趋势。因此,本文将根据联合国商品贸易统计数据库商品贸易数据来测算日本制造业的产业内贸易水平。首先,通过计算结果判断近年来日本制造业产品贸易类型发展的新特点、新趋势;其次,根据日本贸易类型的新特点和新趋势分别对该现象产生的原因进行解析。     

中印制成品产业内贸易分析

本文通过对中印制成品产业内贸易的分析发现,首先,从静态的产业内贸易水平的考察来看,中印制成品主要是以产业间贸易的模式为主。其次,从动态产业内贸易水平的考察来看,中印的贸易增长主要是以产业间贸易为主要特征的。另外值得一提的是,对于边际产业内贸易指数不能纠正贸易不平衡性的问题也需要进一步的研究,以便找到更能真实反映边际产业内贸易的指标体系。     

中印制成品产业内贸易分析

本文通过对中印制成品产业内贸易的分析发现,首先,从静态的产业内贸易水平的考察来看,中印制成品主要是以产业间贸易的模式为主.其次,从动态产业内贸易水平的考察来看,中印的贸易增长主要是以产业问贸易为主要特征的.另外值得一提的是,对于边际产业内贸易指数不能纠正贸易不平衡性的问题也需要进一步的研究,以便找到更能真实反映边际产业内贸易的指标体系.     

On the Measurement of Changes in Product Quality in Marginal Intra-Industry Trade

There is a long established thread of the international trade literature concerned with the measurement of intra-industry trade (IIT). Two distinct strands of the literature have developed: First, measures of marginal IIT that are concerned with the adjustment implications of volume-based changes in IIT; second, measures of vertical and horizontal IIT that are concerned with quality-based differences in IIT. This paper marries the two literatures to provide a new perspective on the smooth adjustment hypothesis debate and suggests the use of the marginal product quality index, a new measure of changes in quality in matched trade changes that complements dynamic measures of volume-based IIT. JEL no.  F19     

中日两国间贸易与投资的新动向及发展前景

经过几十年发展,中日两国之间的贸易投资关系已密不可分。在经历了全球金融危机和东日本大地震后2,011年中日贸易及两国之间的投资出现一些新动向。在欧美经济萧条、日本灾后重建将持续五到十年、中国经济虽有放缓迹象但仍将保持相对较快增长的情况下,预计中日两国间的贸易与投资总体将会进一步发展,中国仍将是日本一个最重要的贸易伙伴和出口地,中日之间相互投资的严重失衡状态会继续改善,中国面临日本结构调整和产业转移的新机遇。     

Study of the Measurement and Determinants of Intra‐industry Trade in East Asia*

The present paper investigates the development of intra‐industry trade (IIT) among the East Asian economies over the 1970–1996 period. A dynamic index is used to capture the changes in the structure of trade flows. Based on this approach, IIT is decomposed into horizontal (HIIT) and vertical components (VIIT) and the determinants of each are investigated. The results show that both HIIT and VIIT have exhibited increased importance over the sample period in manufacturing. Using pooled panel data the two‐way trade in all measures of IIT is found to be positively related to the country‐specific variables, such as the market size, exhange rate depreciation, the levels of development and income, and negatively to the geographic proximity of the partners. Economies of scale are seen to have a positive influence on IIT and HIIT, but a negative relationship with VIIT. Although the relative openness of a country's trade regime shows no significant relationship with any form of IIT, a trade imbalance does affect IIT and HIIT flows. The findings have implications for assessing the structural adjustment costs associated with the trade liberalization process as HIIT is associated with demand for variety and relates to two‐way trade in goods of similar quality, while VIIT is driven by international specialization and differences in relative factor endowments.     

Revealed Comparative Advantage, Intraindustry Trade and the US Manufacturing Trade Deficit with China

This paper uses 4‐digit SITC data to identify groups of manufactured goods exported from China to the USA that have strong or rising comparative advantages. We find that most of the trades are inter‐industry, with only a small portion being vertical intra‐industry trades (IIT). Our results confirm that Sino‐US trade is complementary. We construct an imbalanced index of IIT, and identify the goods groups that aggravate and reduce the US trade deficit with China. We suggest an approach for calculating a dynamic IIT index that might mitigate the aggregation bias of the existing methodologies. Our improved index reveals that the dynamic imbalances of US‐Chinese IIT in manufactured goods are worse than their static IIT imbalances, which means that it would be difficult to correct the deficit of US trade with China in the following couple of years. Adjusting and improving the structures of industries and products is China's major task for sustainable trade growth.     

Trade liberalisation,structural adjustment and intra-industry trade: A note

Conclusions This note reports tests of the relationship between trade liberalisation and the levels of intra-industry trade, and between levels of IIT and structural adjustment in response to trade liberalisation. It has used a new approach by focussing on the impact of changes in protection on (i) changes in IIT, and (ii) differences in structural adjustment over time in high-IIT and low-IIT sectors.     

产品内分工、中美顺差与贸易利益——一个笔记本电脑企业的微观视角

自2000年起的最近十年,中美贸易摩擦频繁发生.在中国对美国出口的6800余种产品中,笔记本电脑及相关零部件已成为中关顺差形成和扩张的关键因素.本文从微观视角剖析了中美顺差形成的根源和顺差背后的利益分配.本文证明,虽然以台湾代工商为核心的笔记本电脑及零部件企业群通过外商直接投资方式向中国大陆的产业转移,以及由此导致的货...     

The Skill Content of Inter- and Intra-Industry Trade: Evidence for the United Kingdom

In this paper we investigate the relative importance of net exchanges of skills embodied in intra-industry and inter-industry trade for the UK’s trade with some middle income countries. We also separately measure the net exchanges of skills embodied in vertical and horizontal intra-industry trade (IIT). We find that there are substantial factor exchanges involved in IIT, implying that traditional factor content studies may have seriously underestimated the actual factor content of total trade flows. This means that the adjustment effects of IIT may be greater than is often presumed. We also find, in line with theory, that vertical IIT involves similar net exchanges of labour of different skills to that of inter-industry trade, while horizontal IIT involves much smaller net exchanges of skills. JEL no. F11, F14     

中美双边贸易中本地市场效应估计——兼论中国的贸易政策取向

在新贸易理论框架下,本地市场效应是比较优势的一个重要来源。借鉴Schumacher(2003)的引力模型方法对中美双边贸易的估计表明,在10大类产品当中有7类存在显著的本地市场效应,在35个两位数制造业行业当中有16个存在显著的本地市场效应。这表明,本地市场效应已经成为中国对美出口最重要的比较优势源泉之一。其政策含义在于,中国的贸易政策应该由单纯偏向外部市场转到内外并重的方向上来。     

中美货物贸易互补性强弱及性质的动态变化研究

本文借助贸易互补性指数、贸易专业化系数等工具测度了20世纪80年代以来中美货物贸易互补性强弱及性质的变化情况,认为大部分产品的贸易互补性强弱和性质均发生了变化,但总体上中关货物贸易仍呈现出较强的互补性,仍以产业间互补为主.根据中美货物贸易互补性的现实状况和发展趋势,本文提出了关于发展中美贸易的几点启示.     

The Dynamics of Intra-industry Trade in ASEAN*

The decision to establish the ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) by the year 2008 has resulted in producers in all ASEAN countries except Singapore raising concerns relating to potential loss of market share and adjustment pressures. Underlying these concerns is the view that the expected growth in intra-ASEAN trade will be dominated by inter-industry or net trade (NT) rather than intra-industry trade (IIT). If most of the expected growth in trade is intra-industry, however, then the short-run resource re-allocation costs are likely to be lower. In this study, we employ a new methodology to analyse the dynamics of IIT in ASEAN. We overcome problems associated with using movements in the value of the Grubel-Lloyd (GL) index by deriving a formula that decomposes the growth in trade into the contributions of growth in IIT and NT. Our results suggest that the role of IIT in trade growth has been increasing in importance, and thus much of the recent concern that threatens the viability of AFTA may be misplaced.