刍议贷款重组

一、贷款重组的基本概念 近年来,贷款重组与诉讼清收、以物抵债和损失核销一起,成为国内外商业银行处置化解不良贷款的重要方式。人行曾在《贷款风险分类指导原则》(1998试行)十二条提出,商业银行要制定明确的贷款重组政策和程序,对需要重组贷款的标准、贷款重组的方式、程序、重组后贷款的管理作出明确、合理的规定。后来的《商业银行信息披露暂行办法》(2003)则要求把贷款重组信息纳入     

我国商业银行破产重整问题浅析

从各国实践看,商业银行破产具有很大的外部性,其破产很少采用清算方式,而主要采用重组等方式。本文从实践出发,认为我国商业银行的重组应适用《企业破产法》中的重整程序,并明确商业银行资本不足作为其破产重整原因之一,同时指定存款保险基金管理机构作为管理人主导重整。这种做法既有利于解决商业银行破产的特殊性问题,又能够解决商业银行早期纠正措施效力不足的问题。     

保单质押贷款若干问题的探讨

在各种贷款方式中,质押贷款是最安全的贷款方式。但保单质押贷款,特别是寿险保单质押贷款,由于其本身的特殊性和复杂性,涉及商业银行、投保客户和保险公司的各自利益,因此在具体操作中不可避免地会遇到一些风险,但只要遵守相关法律法规,完善贷款程序,加强审核与调查,明确潜在风险的防控方法,保单质押贷款的上述潜在风险就可以得到有效防范和控制。     

深化贷款责任制改革的思考

贷款责任制实施以来取得了良好的实践效果，但也存在配套措施不到位和操作方式不完善等诸多方面的问题。为了更好地落实贷款责任制，必须明确权、责、利的承载体并使三在同一承载体上达到统一。应在上述基础上建立贷款决策的“三审”制度和贷管分离制度；建立严格的贷款重组程序以防止贷款风险的隐匿或转移；推行贷款业务的整体联动和有机管理，使贷款风险降低于从贷到收的各个业务环节，从而减轻贷款决策人的压力。只有这样，贷款制责任制的效力才能真正发挥出来。     

商业银行抵贷资产处置的制度安排

以物抵贷是指商业银行对客户（包括法人和自然人）贷款到期后，债务人无法以货币资金履行债务，通过协商或法律程序，银行为保全贷款而以债务人、保证人或第三人的财产抵偿贷款本息，最终以变现所得收回贷款本息的行为。抵贷资产是指银行通过以物抵贷方式受偿并依法取得产权或处分权的财产。     

计算机辅助个人贷款业务流程创新初探

商业银行个人贷款业务流程为营销受理、贷款调查、贷款审批、贷款发放、贷后管理5大部分。笔者认为,业务流程创新的支点在于2个关键因素——效率和质量,在有效保证质量的前提下追求高效。将计算机技术应用在辅助业务流程创新中,主要方式是开发相应的计算机程序、系统，通过程序和系统实现业务流程重大改进或再造。     

谈谈开办不指定楼盘按揭贷款的必要性和可行性

不指定楼盘按揭贷款是指购房者在购买商品房时。可以通过自然人担保、专业公司担保、单位担保等多种担保方式，从商业银行一次性获得所需贷款，之后用一次性付款方式购房，购房者在收到购房发票和预售合同之后，再到商业银行办理住房按揭贷款手续，由商业银行提供一站式按揭服务。     

公司客户贷款结息方式对商业银行收益影响的探讨

本文就不同的公司客户贷款结息方式对商业银行贷款收益的影响及其优劣进行了研究和比较,并以某国有商业银行一级分行为例进行了分析,指出从贷款利息收入来衡量,贷款结息方式的选择对贷款收益率影响是可观的.在此基础上,对商业银行的贷款结息方式提出了提升商业银行利率管理的效率意识,将贷款结息方式列入商业银行贷款定价的管理范围、建立贷款结息方式和贷款浮动相结合的贷款定价方式等对策建议,以进一步提升商业银行的收益水平.     

浅谈商业银行在企业重组改制中的风险管理

在市场经济条件下，企业的重组改制行为往往涉及企业的产权关系、经营机制和管理体制的变革，对企业自身和商业银行的影响巨大，同时，也是银企双方对存量贷款处理上容易产生摩擦和矛盾的时期。因此，商业银行深入研究企业重组改制对授信资产的影响，着力采取应对企业重组改制的风险管理措施和对策，不仅有利于整个国民经济的发展，而且也是商业银行改善授信管理，提高信贷资产质量的现实需要。[编者按]     

《商业银行并购贷款风险管理指引》法律解读

2008年12月6日，银监会发布了《商业银行并购贷款风险管理指引》（以下简称“《指引》”），首次从监管层面明确了商业银行开展并购贷款业务的条件和要求，为并购活动当事人拓宽了融资渠道，同时也对我国习惯于发放固定资产贷款或流动资金贷款等传统贷款业务的商业银行提出了挑战。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

金融企业员工考核系统的设计

一、概述 为配合公司人事考核制度的贯彻执行,保证该制度执行过程中各项工作能够长期、高效、准确地完成,我们开发了公司员工考核系统,实现了人事考核工作中员工投票、考核统计、考核信息分析、报表生成等功能,减少了人事部门人员的手工操作,提高了考核工作的自动化程度.