学习型组织的再认识以及学习型高校建设的思考

“学习型组织”既是社会发展的重要指标,也是社会发展的有效途径。文章对“学习型组织”的本质内涵做出进一步的剖析,指出其发展由低到高呈现出四个水平、四种明显特质并遵循五大核心定律,论述了“学习型组织”构建对于个人和社会发展的深远意义以及对“学习型高校”建设的有益启示。     

Judith Butler and Leadership: Reimagining Intelligibility,Social Change,and Leadership Discourse

Although Judith Butler's body of work is complex, many of her arguments have the potential to help us understand and generate new leadership realities. How Butler conceptualizes the concepts of intelligibility, performativity, discourse, and social change all have implications for the practice of leadership. The use of a critical leadership approach permits the exploration of parallels between her writings and two contemporary approaches to leadership: the Social Change Model of Leadership and adaptive leadership. Through the application of Butler's work to contemporary leadership discourse, the potential to render a broader range of subjects intelligible as leaders and to catalyze social change is explored.     

Flexible learning systems and obsolete organization structures: steps towards bridging the gap

This study explores the mismatch between existing learning systems and the members’ needs for learning in a large international organization. It responds to recent research which argues that members’ learning modes need to be understood and catered for in modern age organizations. Rather than arguing from “what should be”, however, it explores “what is”, by analysing the mismatch developing in a classical organization. Based on the findings, an instrumental model is elaborated, which combines structural and cognitive factors. A main argument is that learning systems and organization structure inhibit one another mutually, which prevents lasting change from taking place. The key to resolving mutual inhibition is to engage in a process of inquiry which focuses on the overall structure and also the learning systems. Three characteristics of such a process of inquiry are proposed as requirements for the resolution of mutual inhibition: social context, setting and proximity.     

统筹兼顾协调发展--学习科学发展观若干思考

当今中国,“发展是硬道理”几乎家喻户晓,发展已成为我们社会的主题,我国的综合国力迅速增强,企业的竞争能力不断提高,生活水平日益改善。要实现“小康社会”的奋斗目标,更离不开科学发展。 一、科学发展观是重要的战略思想 从发展是硬道理到发展是执政党执政兴国的第一要务,再到十六届三中全会提出的“科学发展观”,其精神实质是一     

责任型领导:概念、测量、前因与后果

责任型领导,作为领导力研究领域的一个新兴概念,将关注焦点从传统的领导-下属二元关系拓展至组织内外各利益相关者,有助于应对来自社会各界的挑战,是对传统领导理论的新发展和新超越.文章介绍了责任型领导的概念、测量维度、前因与后果,深入探究了责任型领导的作用机制,总结出责任型领导能通过社会交换、社会学习、信息加工和社会资本等中介机制对个体、组织产生积极影响.最后,文章对未来研究作了展望.     

Leadership,task and relationship: Orpheus,Prometheus and Janus

The idea that the major division in leadership or management styles is a preference for either task or relationship orientation has long prevailed in the literature. This article proposes an alternative orientation for leaders; that, while in pursuit of achieving the task, the leader is focused either on the needs of superordinates or subordinates, or both. A large‐scale evaluation of leadership in the Royal Air Force from the perspective of followers suggests that although there is some surface support for the task/relationship dichotomy, the more important division is threefold: between people who only look upwards to satisfy the demands of their superordinates (Orpheans), those that tend to focus downwards at the demands of their subordinates (Prometheans) and those that try to look both ways (Janusians). The latter appear to have the greatest chance of sustained success at the more senior levels of the organisation.     

Organisational learning,learning organisation,and learning orientation: An integrative review and framework

Organisational Learning (OL) is essential for the survival of an organisation and has led to a significant amount of conceptual and empirical studies. However, no attempt has yet been made to track the overall evolution of OL literature along with the inter-related concepts of learning organisation and organisational learning orientation. Therefore, the present study attempts to fill this gap and track the interdisciplinary flow of knowledge by applying a structural methodology called Systematic Literature Network Analysis (SLNA). The results reveal four main areas of investigation within the field: i) the fundamentals of OL; ii) OL in relation to managerial and economic variables; iii) management of learning organisation; iv) learning orientation in relation to managerial and economic variables. Furthermore, this review contributes by arranging the findings into a theoretical framework which is termed organisational learning chain. Based on the co-analysis of main themes and key concepts detected, the framework integrates and highlights the factors that influence learning performance in and by organisations. Finally, several further research avenues are discussed, and the benefits of the applied review methodology are highlighted.     

谦卑与领导有效性：变革型领导的中介作用

谦卑于组织领导中的作用受到了学者们的广泛关注。本文通过对21家企业378名下属的调查问卷探讨了谦卑的领导与领导有效性之间的关系,并探讨了任务导向和关系导向的变革型领导在谦卑与领导有效性之间的中介作用。多元回归结果表明,谦卑能够有效预测变革型领导以及领导有效性,其中,关系导向和任务导向的变革型领导分别在谦卑与领导有效性中起到完全中介和不完全中介作用。     

Political Leadership,Conflict and the Prospects for Constitutional Peace

The emphasis in constitutional political economy has been that new rules and institutions can be devised that improve the welfare of a society. Given the number of societies that are infected with political conflict and as a result lower levels of welfare, this paper attempts to analyse why we do not see more constitutional conventions aimed at eliminating conflict. The key idea is that expressively motivated group members may create incentives for instrumentally motivated group leaders such that it leads them to choose conflict rather than compromise. Nonetheless, it is not argued that such a peace is impossible to obtain. This leads to a further question, that if such a constitutional agreement could be found, would the expressive perspective alter the conventional instrumental perspective on the sort of constitutional reform that should be undertaken?     

Leadership and management effectiveness: A multi-frame,multi-sector analysis

Bolman and Deal (1984, 1991) have developed four perspectives, or frames, for understanding organizations and leadership: structural, human resource, political, and symbolic. This paper reports two studies that operationalize that model. The first study uses critical incidents written by managers to assess how many and which frames they use. Most incidents show the use of one or two frames; very few contain all four. In every population, the structural frame was used frequently while the symbolic frame was rarely evident. Across different populations, the use of the human resource and political frames varied substantially. The second study used survey instruments to assess managers' frame orientations. Regression analyses show that their orientations, as perceived by colleagues, are differentially related to perceived effectiveness as manager and leader. Managerial effectiveness is related to an emphasis on rationality and organizational structure. Leadership effectiveness is linked to symbols and culture. For men and women in comparable positions, gender is unrelated to leadership orientations or to their effectiveness as managers or leaders.     

Specialty products: the next challenge for alliances

As group purchasing matures, alliances and GPOs will need to expand their contract portfolio to include specialty products. As groups and manufacturers negotiate successful specialty products agreements and hospitals actively support those contracts, the industry as a whole stands to benefit. If alliance and manufacturers do not attempt to negotiate specialty products agreements that bring value to both parties, hospitals will miss out on savings, and suppliers will lose market share opportunities.