微机化管理在计量检定机构中应用

本文通过微机化管理在计量检定机构中的具体应用 ,说明了微机化管理不但保证了检定工作的准确率 ,而且大大提高了工作效率 ,有效地堵塞了人为漏洞。     

基层计量检定机构存在的问题及对策

随着科学技术的快速发展和国家对计量工作的不断重视 ,我国的计量工作和计量检定逐步正规化 ,但基层计量检定机构还存在着许多问题 ,不仅影响了检定工作效率 ,而且越来越不能满足生产的需要。笔者认为 ,目前存在的问题主要有以下几个方面。不能及时执行国家现行计量标准计量检定规程是基层计量检定机构开展工作的依据 ,代表国家对该种仪器性能指标的重要要求。但部分基层计量检定机构所执行的标准并不是国家最新的计量标准 ,而是修订前甚至更陈旧的计量标准 ,这样就导致对所检仪器的性能不能作出最新、符合实际的评定 ,严重者还会给生产带来…     

加强检定预警系统研究 提高加油机安全数质量水平

<正>燃油加油机是与民生息息相关的计量器具，加油机定期检定并在检定周期内使用是加油站营业的法律依据之一，检定预警系统开发应用，实现检定智能化管理，既可以提高管理效率，也可规避漏检风险。开发预警系统可改善燃油加油机检定现状以广西石油为例，公司拥有1200多座加油站，网点分布在22个市和63个县，在用加油机检定由广西壮族自治区政府市场监管部门下属96个检定机构承担。由于每座加油站加油机检定周期不一致，经常面临证书数量多、检定时间错综复杂的情况。此外，还存在因检定机构业务繁忙，不能及时完成检定工作的现象，导致部分加油机暂停使用，对企业经营造成影响。     

浅析企业内部检定证书的规范管理

检定证书是法定计量检定机构向用户出具的具有法律效力的证明文书,合格的检定证书代表对应的被检计量器具经过合法准确测量。检定证书的准确性和统一性直接关系到使用单位的生产安全,具有重要意义。     

三等金属量器容量衡量法检定装置

三等金属量器作为一种常用的容量计量器具,越来越多地应用到地方计量技术机构、石油石化、油库、加油站的油品计量部门及科研和企业生产环节中。通过"容量衡量法"检定系统实现对三等金属量器的检定,此方法具有检定过程简单,操作方便,准确度高,重复性好等优点。     

红外耳温计检定数据自动分析处理探究

作为保障体温计量数值准确的一项重要措施,各个计量机构已全面开展红外耳温计计量检定工作,检定过程中数据计算量较大。通过对Excel中公式、算法的研究,汇总红外耳温计检定数据自动分析处理过程,以期提高该领域相关工作的效率。     

可燃气体检测报警器计量检定与计量管理的探讨

指出了可燃气体检测报警器计量检定的重要性,结合河南省南阳市辖区内可燃气体检测报警器计量检定的现状,重点分析了计量检定与计量管理存在的问题和难点,提出了较为合理的建议。     

影响电子天平计量检定的因素及解决方法

现在电子天平的应用已经比较广泛,高等学校和医疗卫生机构在日常工作中也会用到。有很多因素不仅会影响电子天平的计量检定质量,也不利于相关工作的有序开展。合理分析影响电子天平计量检定的因素,并提出针对性解决方法,以提高计量检定质量。     

以点带面,全面启动流速仪检定水槽国家计量认证工作

介绍了5年来为推进水文系统流速仪检定水槽机构国家计量认证工作所开展的前期准备工作；就水槽机构的认证规划及水槽机构的名称、技术定位、行业管理等问题进行了阐述。     

完善企业计量检定规程

计量检定是为评定计量器具的计量特性 ,并确定是否符合法定要求所进行的全部工作。而计量检定必须执行计量检定规程 ,这是《中华人民共和国计量法》第 2章第 10条明确规定的。笔者近几年在这方面专门作了调研 ,认为计量检定规程必须进行改革 ,既要改革其内部 ,更要改革我国的计量检定规程体系。现行计量检定规程体系构成不合理我国《计量法》第 2章第 10条规定 ,“国家计量检定规程由国务院计量行政部门制定。没有国家计量检定规程的 ,由国务院有关主管部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府计量行政部门分别制定部门计量检定规程和地方计量检定…     

活塞式小体积管在质量流量计检定中的应用

活塞式小体积管因为体积小，结构复杂，检测的体积需要非常准确的转换成质量流量，制约了活塞式小体积管在检定质量流量计方面的发展。阐述了在活塞式小体积管检定系统中采用脉冲插入、在线密度计实时和准确的测量被检介质的密度等技术，建立活塞式小体积管检定质量流量计的新方法，用以解决高精度质量流量计的检定问题。     

Innovations—Doomed to Fail? Investigating Strategies to Overcome Passive Innovation Resistance

The constant and successful market introduction of new products is of major concern to companies throughout all industries. However, empirical research points to high failure rates of innovations, indicating that most new products fail as they are rejected by consumers due to their resistance to innovation. Several studies have confirmed the importance of passive innovation resistance as a dominant barrier, which has to be overcome before new product adoption can start. However, empirical evidence on how to overcome passive innovation resistance is still lacking. This study intends to address this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of marketing instruments (i.e., mental simulation and benefit comparison) to reduce negative effects of passive innovation resistance on new product adoption. The results of a scenario‐based experiment (n = 679) confirm high effectiveness for both instruments. However, the effectiveness varied with the type of passive innovation resistance present. More specifically, mental simulation was found to be the most effective instrument in the case of cognitive passive resistance, whereas benefit comparison was found to be most effective in the case of situational passive resistance. Thereby, the effect of both marketing instruments was stronger the more radical the new product was perceived. Hence, companies should assess the type of passive innovation resistance that is predominant in their target market, and align their choice of marketing instruments that accompany a new product launch to most effectively overcome passive innovation resistance. Employing such new product launch tactics should decrease initial market resistance and thus help companies in reducing innovation failure rates.     

Hiring new key inventors to improve firms’ post-M&A inventive output

Although merger and acquisitions (M&As) are acknowledged as an important means to access innovative assets and know-how, firms’ inventive output often declines in the post-M&A period. Financial, managerial and organizational constraints related to the M&A event contribute to inventive output declines and inventors’ departure. Prior literature treats the acquiring firm as a passive observer of invention declines. This study argues that acquiring firms can take measures by hiring new key inventors. We show that the hiring of new key inventors in the post-M&A period can counteract invention declines in two ways. First, these newly hired inventors are associated with an increase of corporate inventive output after the M&A. Second, they are also associated with an improved inventive output of inventors already working for the acquiring firm. These results suggest that an appropriate hiring policy can counteract the declining inventive output of firms in the aftermath of M&As.     

How to Overcome Pro‐Change Bias: Incorporating Passive and Active Innovation Resistance in Innovation Decision Models

Adoption literature is largely subject to a pro‐change bias; researchers mainly assume that consumers are open to change and thus interested in evaluating new products. However, consumers often reject innovations without considering their potential, such that the adoption process ends before it really has begun. The present study instead argues that innovation resistance, prior to product evaluation, is a regular consumer response that must be recognized and managed to facilitate new product adoption. The authors suggest differentiating passive from active innovation resistance. While passive innovation resistance results from a consumer's generic predisposition to resist innovations prior to new product evaluation, active innovation resistance is an attitudinal outcome that follows an unfavorable new product evaluation. This study also extends extant innovation decision models by describing how passive and active innovation resistance emerge and how they affect decision‐making in later stages of the process.     

煤矿采空区油气管道安全保护与管理

人为造成的次生环境地质灾害是影响油气管道安全的主要因素。针对煤矿采空区沉陷所带来油气管道安全保护和管理上的环境地质灾害问题,系统地分析了煤矿采空区沉陷及地表变形对油气管道影响的主要特征．提出了煤矿采空区油气管道安全保护的主动和被动措施。     

矿井工业场地总平面布置如何体现节约用地

介绍了在矿井工业场地总平面布置中,如何采取必要的方法和措施,尽量减少占地,以达到节约用地的目的。     

Measures used to evaluate industrial marketing activities

Given the importance of controlling marketing efforts, a study was conducted of industrial manufacturers to determine the extent of their use of various measures to evaluate different marketing activities. The predominate measures used for evaluation were sales volume with much less utilization of profitability, productivity, and expense measures.     

现浇楼板裂缝产生的原因与防治

现浇钢筋混凝土楼板的裂缝是较难克服质量通病之一。从设计角度看．裂缝产生的原因是现行设计侧重于按强度考虑．未充分考虑温差和混凝土特性等因素．配筋量常常达不到要求。从施工角度看．混凝土干缩、配合比等不当、坍落度偏大．振捣不密度、浇筑速度太快、养护不到位和未达到预定强度就过早受荷载等．是开裂的原因。从竣工后看．主要是由于建筑物内相对湿度过低．混凝土长期处于干燥的环境中而引起混凝土收缩开裂。针对上述原因．章提出了具体的防治措施．对裂缝的强补处理．可采用复合性强纤维材料进行粘贴．妥善处理。     

Preventing explosions during chemicals and materials storage

Simple passive means are considered for preventing explosions in connection with storage of non-reactive and reactive materials. For high-pressure storage, special attention is given to the elimination of BLEVEs. Cost-effective passive features are proposed to accommodate both global and local fire impingement conditions. For atmospheric pressure storage, passive features are considered to accommodate potential fire exposure and prevent runaway scenarios for reactive systems.     

Text matching to measure patent similarity

Research Summary : We propose using text matching to measure the technological similarity between patents. Technology experts from different fields validate the new similarity measure and its improvement on measures based on the United States Patent Classification System, and identify its limitations. As an application, we replicate prior findings on the localization of knowledge spillovers by constructing a case–control group of text‐matched patents. We also provide open access to the code and data to calculate the similarity between any two utility patents granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office between 1976 and 2013, or between any two patent portfolios. Managerial Summary : We propose using text matching to measure the technological similarity between patents. The method can be used by various practitioners such as inventors, attorneys, patent examiners, and managers to search for closely related prior art, to assess the novelty of a patent, to identify R&D opportunities in less crowded areas, to detect in‐ or out‐licensing opportunities, to map companies in technology space, and to find acquisition targets. We use an expert panel to validate the improvement of the new similarity measure on measures based on the United States Patent Classification System, and provide open access to the code and data to calculate the similarity between any two utility patents granted by the USPTO between 1976 and 2013, or between any two patent portfolios.