企业经营国际化区域经济国际化中的温州模式

区域经济国际化是区域经济发展的必然趋势.进入21世纪之后,温州加快了区域经济国际化的发展步伐.基于温州经济发展的特点,温州的区域经济国际化战略应以"引进来"来带动"走出去"为主,而国际化战略实施的主体应该是温州民营企业.从温州民营企业具体的经营国际化形式来看,建立自主性营销网络、纵向一体化的国际化合作、合资、嵌入国际供应链以及全球资源整合等多种方式将成为当前温州民营企业经营国际化的主要途径.     

温州民营企业的国际化经营战略探析

随着中国加入WTO,民营企业走向国际化道路已是必然趋势。温州是我国民营经济发源地,被誉为“民营之都”,曾以“温州模式”闻名全国。温州模式是在我国长期计划经济体制造成的短缺经济和“卖方市场”中产生和发展的,具有“产权清晰、内源积累、区际贸易”的特点,同时也是一种典型的“内向式”发展模式。     

基于网络资源的企业国际化成长机理剖析——以温州民营国际化企业为例

企业与国际市场行为主体之间的以信任、合作和互惠为主要内容的社会性互动是企业国际化进程网络嵌入性的理论根源.通过将网络资源纳入到资源基础论的分析体系,构建了关系网络视角下企业国际化的"关系网络→网络资源→企业国际化"理论框架,最后结合温州民营企业国际化实践验证了这一框架的合理性.     

泉州民营企业国际化经营探究

泉州是我国东南沿海著名侨乡,是福建民营经济外向度最高的地区之一。改革开放以来,泉州民营企业得到较快发展,但随着欧关经济的低迷,国内又面临着复杂的经济环境,部分企业经营乏力。本文分析泉州民营企业国际化经营现状,面临问题,并尝试提出解决泉州民营企业国际化经营对策。     

中小型民营企业如何走向全球市场

在加入WTO后,我国大量中小型(制造业)民营企业如何应对经济全球化,使企业稳步发展,开拓全球市场,减少经营风险,将成为一个严峻的现实问题。企业要实施“走出去——引进来——再走出去”三阶段国际化经营战略,注意战略实施过程中各阶段的支撑要素以及问题,以此作为中小型民营企业顺利走向国际市场的借鉴。     

义乌商圈民营企业国际化经营策略建议

随着经济全球化的发展,开展国际经营、参与国际竞争成为企业发展到一定阶段的必然选择。针对义乌民营企业国际化存在的先天能力不足、经营管理能力低、手段单一和缺乏战略意识等问题,政府及有关部门应营造有助于企业国际化经营的外部环境,加强区域合作以实现互利共赢,加强企业国际化经营管理人才的引进与培养,大力实施品牌化经营战略。     

我国民营企业国际化发展的战略探讨

自从我国改革开放以来,民营企业发展所取得的成就是十分显著的,为国民经济的快速发展作出了极大贡献。仅从税收的统计数据来看,大部分地方的民营企业税收均已超过国有企业,占地方财政超过50%,在国民经济系统中显示出相当的活力。但在经济全球化、信息化、科学技术井喷式发展的社会大环境中,超过70%的跨国公司都在通过WTO等国际贸易组织抢占全球市场,向外输出自己的自主品牌产品,充分利用自身的价格优势、技术优势和资本优势以求在市场竞争中获取最大限度利润。自从我国加入WTO以来,广阔的国内市场吸引了许许多多的国外企业,成为WTO协议中各国相互竞争的主战场,这就必然导致民营企业同时遭受国际企业和国有企业的双方的竞争打压。因此,随着市场竞争压力的范围和力度持续扩大化的严峻形势下,民营企业必须摆脱个人化、单一化的狭隘理念,积极实施多方面国际化战略,走国际化生产经营之路。     

温州民营企业电子商务文化培育研究

企业文化是企业生存和发展的精神支撑,有先进文化的引领势必给企业发展带来凝聚力和知名度,给企业带来真正的文化生产力,本文在分析温州企业文化现状的基础上,对温州民营企业电子商务文化的社会功能进行探讨,进而从宏观和微观层面提出电子商务文化在温州民营企业中培育的具体措施。     

Internationalization and performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises

In this paper, we examine the relationship between the degree of internationalization (DOI) and performance which represents a central issue in the international business literature. We argue that the substantial literature addressing this relationship is hampered by problematic measures for the key constructs (DOI and firm performance) and inconclusive results. Drawing from the internationalization process and location theories, we propose new measures for DOI (based on the dispersion of sales across geographic regions) and deploy a perceptual, multi-item measure of performance. Based on analyses of 94 survey responses provided by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Singapore, we find that that DOI positively impacts performance.     

A cross-national study on the impact of management teams on the rapid internationalization of small firms

While the importance of top management teams in the formation and development of new ventures is well recognised, their impact on the rapid internationalization of such firms remains relatively under-researched. This article presents the findings of a cross-national study conducted in Australia, Canada, Ireland and New Zealand that demonstrate the significant impact that such teams have in creating the core internal capabilities and leveraging the external resources required for rapid and dedicated internationalization. The need to augment the management team in order to address key resource or knowledge gaps and/or to expand international networks is also evident among many firms, as is the impact of changes in team structures on business strategy and internationalization. Directions for future research and implications for public policy in support of rapidly internationalizing small firms are presented and discussed.     

Outward internationalization of private enterprises in China: The effect of competitive advantages and disadvantages compared to home market rivals

This study uses the resource-based view of a firm to examine the outward internationalization of private firms in China. We investigate the extent to which advantages/disadvantages of resource endowment and organizing capability of Chinese private enterprises (relative to both state-owned enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises at home) may drive outward internationalization and affect their risk-taking tendency when going international. Our analyses of 553 Chinese private enterprises show that a Chinese private firm's likelihood of venturing abroad is associated with resource endowment advantages vis-à-vis foreign-invested enterprises, organizing capability advantages vis-à-vis state-owned enterprises, and organizing capability disadvantages vis-à-vis foreign-invested enterprises. These same advantages (or disadvantages) in organizing capabilities also increase a firm's likelihood of choosing a high-risk entry mode. We also find that a firm's resource endowment and organizing capabilities interact with each other and mutually enhance each other's effect on the likelihood of outward internationalization.     

小企业国际化研究:一个概念模型

早期的国际化理论认为企业规模是影响企业国际化的关键因素,并认为企业的国际化过程是顺序的、渐进的.但是小企业的国际化参与,以及瞬间国际化、国际化新投机企业和天生全球化企业等新现象的出现使得传统的国际化理论的现实解释力极大地被削弱.最新的一些研究发现,将企业家理论引入到对小企业国际化过程的研究当中将能够比较好地对小企业国际化现象作出解释,因此,文章在对相关研究进行回顾的基础上,借鉴其他研究领域的相关成果发展出一个新的小企业国际化过程概念模型.     

CEOs’ regulatory focus and firm internationalization: The moderating effects of CEO overconfidence,narcissism and career horizon

While the international business literature has mainly focused on the firm- or industry-level antecedents of internationalization strategies, scholars have recently advocated a greater focus on the microfoundations of firms’ strategic decisions. Building on the regulatory focus theory, this study focuses on how CEO promotion and prevention foci impact firm internationalization. Looking into dispositional and situational attributions, this study also theorizes how these factors moderate the relationship between a CEO’s psychological motivations and firm internationalization. Using data from publicly traded US firms listed in the Fortune 500, the findings of this study show that a CEO’s promotion focus is positively associated with the extent of a firm’s internationalization, whereas a CEO’s strong prevention focus limits the extent of a firm’s internationalization. The findings also reveal that the relationship between a CEO’s regulatory focus and the extent of a firm’s internationalization is moderated by a CEO’s overconfidence, narcissism, and career horizon. These findings have important research and managerial implications for firms engaged in international business.     

The evolution of private equity: corporate restructuring in the UK,c.1945–2010

The article analyses the role of private equity (PE) in restructuring the UK corporate economy. It develops a theoretical synthesis to show that the evolution of the PE industry and firms in which it invested were governed by the relations of corporate governance between investor and investee companies. Effective governance relations were a necessary condition for success and complement firm specific resources to create competitive advantage. Four case studies are used to show the contrasting effects of these determining factors, Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation (ICFC) and Slater Walker, and the two waves of buy-out centred restructuring that developed with the maturity of the PE industry after 1980. In contrast to the evolutionary approach, the periodisations utilised in this study show that structural breaks associated with points of institutional reform are also necessary to make firm specific resource and governance determinants of competitive advantage operable.     

Reassessing Firm Size in International Marketing Research

This study investigates the relevance and importance of firm size as a current research variable in international marketing while being cognizant of the reasons behind previous researcher's focus on firm size. Utilizing two different databases and analyses, this study integrates existing research on the effects of firm size variables on decisions in international marketing and draws a general conclusion. The main research questions center on whether firm size matters in internationalization decisions and whether firm size is a meaningful proxy for specific firm resources. Our results suggest that the effect of size on internationalization becomes less significant over time and that the effect of firm size on choice of ownership is significantly less than that of other firm-specific variables such as R&D intensity and advertising intensity, suggesting that strategic international marketing decisions are more related to a firm's unique assets than to its size.     

我国商业银行跨国经营分析——原因、现状和战略

我国商业银行跨国经营是随着我国经济融入全球经济程度日益提高的必然结果,有利于提高银行的经营管理水平和降低银行的地区经营风险,目前我国商业银行的国际化程度还不高,应该加快全球拓展的步伐,制定清晰的全球区位发展战略、海外业务发展战略和本地化战略。