跨国公司在中国的研发活动

近年来,跨国公司加强了在中国的研发投资。跨国公司在华研发活动的增长性、集中性、合作性、控制性,促进了我国高科技产业的发展,增加了“技术溢出”效应,搭建了人才培养的平台,在此基础上,应从政策方面支持跨国公司在华的研发活动,引导我国企业采取科学的管理理念和模式,推动企业国际化的步伐,加强我国企业自身研发能力建设。     

Bayer-One of the Most Dynamic Multinational Corporations in China

The Bayer Group is one of the largest diversified international chemicals and health care groups with a production and marketing network reaching acrossthe globe. Production facilities on six continents with 120,000 employees and 350 affiliates over the world offer high-quality solutions for the customers.     

跨国公司在华设立R&D中心分析及启示

随着经济全球化的发展,我国已成为跨国公司R&D投资的热点地区。近年来,越来越多的跨国公司在进入我国的同时,纷纷在华设立了研究与开发(R&D)中心。要提升我国企业的国际竞争力,实施"走出去"战略,就必须加大R&D投入,增强其技术自主创新能力;国家应积极创造条件,加强本土企业对跨国公司技术外溢吸收能力,并培养其在吸收的基础上进行二次创新的能力;积极利用外资R&D投入,促进本国产业结构调整和经济发展。     

Multinational Corporations and the Social Contract

The constitutions of many nations have been explicitly or implicitly founded upon principles of the social contract derived from Thomas Hobbes. The Hobbesian egoism at the base of the contract fairly accurately represents the structure of market enterprise. A contractarian analysis may, then, allow for justified or rationally acceptable universal standards to which businesses should conform. This paper proposes general rational restrictions upon multi-national enterprises, and includes a critique of unjustified restrictions recently proposed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). I propose restrictions that may be tighter than the OECD and international law currently demand, because reason requires that the activities of enterprises accord with standards of environmental and governmental sustainability in addition to consortium, national law and international law agreements. I argue that it is justifiable that indictments may be presented by a citizen or a government against the local arm of a multinational enterprise in response to violations committed by an arm within a different country.     

浅析跨国公司现金管理

跨国公司的现金管理是营运资本管理中的一个重要组成部分,对跨国公司的整体营运资本的管理意义重大。跨国公司现金的集中管理方式有减少现金占用量、实现公司整体经营目标的优势;跨国公司通过建立全球互联网银行的财务通信系统进行现金收支的管理;通过对现金计划和预算的分析与利用,可以更好的促进跨国公司整体营运资本的管理。     

跨国公司在华转让定价的影响因素研究

跨国公司采用转让定价的手段转移利润规避税收,对各国的财政收入和投资环境带来了负面的影响.本文利用我国2006～2014年规模以上工业企业主要数据,通过转让定价转移利润模型来测算外资企业在华转让定价的规模.在此基础上,论文采用计量方法考证各因素对30家跨国公司转让定价规模的影响程度,论证跨国公司所在国所得税税率、 所在国货币的汇率、 公司规模和公司所在行业与公司转移利润大小密切相关.     

跨国公司在华R＆D投资区位研究

从20世纪90年代以来，跨国公司在华研发活动迅速发展，并呈现出在几大区位集中的特点。经济因素、科技因素、环境因素是导致跨国公司研发投资区位聚集的主要因素。地方政府可在吸引跨国公司R＆D投资，获取知识和技术的溢出效应方面发挥重要作用。     

跨国公司对华技术转移的现状及对策

改革开放以来,我国利用外国投资规模不断扩大,其中,大型跨国公司对华投资增长,在华研发活动日趋活跃,跨国公司对华技术转移带来了先进的技术和商品,产生了多方面的技术溢出效应,使我们获得更为开放的国际合作机会。但跨国公司为防止其核心技术外溢,多采用“以市场换技术”、知识产权和技术标准化相结合的策略。我们要客观对待,走引进和自主创新相结合的道路,积极发挥东道国政府的作用,从单纯的技术引进向技术联盟转变,建立健全技术转移中介,以提升自身技术创新的能力。     

中国企业跨国经营为何成功率不高?

中国企业境外投资的非金融类经营机构，从数量上讲不算少，但成功率不高。即使表面成功的企业，相当部分也是依靠本国母公司的运作生存的，这些海外分、子公司本身并不具备很强的生命力，究其原因有以下几点：     

On Multinational Corporations and the Provision of Positive Rights

Increased and active involvement of multinational corporations in the promotion of social welfare, in developing countries in particular, through the facilitation of partnerships and cooperation with public and nonprofit sectors, challenges the existing framework of our social and political institutions, the boundaries of nation-states, the distinction between the private and public spheres of our lives, and thus our freedom. The blurring of certain distinctions, which ought to be observed between the political and the economic is most manifest in the gradual saturation of the field of business ethics with rights-based arguments and analyses. In this article, I first argue against endorsing positive rights as having the same status as negative rights, and then try to demonstrate that, with the transportation of ‹rights talk’ into business ethics, the dangers of conflating positive and negative rights are superimposed on the dangers of conflating the private and the political. I conclude by presenting my own stance on the debate on what our basic institutionally sanctioned rights should be, and what the corresponding duties of multinational corporations really are.     

On Multinational Corporations and the Provision of Positive Rights

Insights from contemporary psychology can illuminate the common psychological processes that facilitate unethical decision making. I will illustrate several of these processes and describe steps that may be taken to reduce or eliminate the undesirable consequences of these processes. A generic problem with these processes is that they are totally invisible to decision makers – i.e., decision makers are convinced that their decisions are ethically and managerially sound.     

我国跨国企业实施转移定价策略分析

我国企业从事跨国经营,重要的是遵循跨国经营的国际规律和惯例,在世界市场上按照市场经济的原则,取得高于国内市场的利润,实现“利润最大化”。因此,借鉴西方跨国公司的经营方法,运用转移定价策略应是我国跨国企业的现实选择。     

Institutional Structure and Firm Social Performance in Transitional Economies: Evidence of Multinational Corporations in China

In this conceptual article, we look at the impact of culture on ethical decision making from a Douglasian Cultural Theory (CT) perspective. We aim to show how CT can be used to explain the diversity and dynamicity of ethical beliefs and behaviours found in every social system, be it a corporation, a nation or even an individual. We introduce CT in the context of ethical decision making and then use it to discuss examples of business ethics in the Indian business context. We argue that the use of CT allows for a theoretically more sophisticated treatment of culture in ethical decision making and thus the avoidance of some common problems with existing cross-cultural studies of business ethics. In our discussion, we raise questions about the compatibility between management systems and processes created in one context and ethical behaviours in another.     

跨国公司内部贸易探析

当今1/3的国际贸易产生在跨国公司内部。本文从当代跨国公司内部贸易的地区、行业等现实状况分析出发,进一步分析和探讨国际生产一体化、全球投资自由化、跨国公司战略联盟等因素对跨国公司内部贸易发展的影响以及跨国公司内部贸易对东道国的经济影响。     

“战略缺口”与跨国公司的强强并购

最近一轮跨国公司并购的显著特征是由昔日的弱肉强食,转变为当今的强者之间的主动整合。合作式的强强并购日益成为本次并购的主流。跨国公司捐弃前嫌,携手合作的根本动因在于其自身战略缺口的不断扩大,而战略缺口的扩大则根源于国际竞争环境的变化。     

跨国公司纵向逆一体化趋势的理论与现实

纵向逆一体化是跨国公司的新的全球经营战略,它是指企业将一系列技术上可分的生产工序中的一部分置于企业的所有权和控制之外,是外部化的过程。它的典型形式是外包和外购。目前,不同行业的跨国公司都有纵向逆一体化的实践,以便节省资金,降低成本。总之,这是跨国企业为充分发挥其在核心业务中的优势所采取的一种战略,有助于提高企业的竞争能力。     

Internationalization of Japanese Multinational Corporations in Central and Eastern Europe

Abstract

The paper focuses on the internationalization activities of Japanese MNCs in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) analyzing data on national level considering Japan's modes of market entry in the CEE region and some of the countries in it. Major trends and the development of Japanese internationalization in CEE are presented. Individual mini case studies contribute to the analysis using the experience of several major Japanese MNCs that have invested in the region. The goal of the paper is to uncover the specifics of the internationalization process of Japanese corporations in the CEE region. Main characteristics of the penetration of Japanese MNCs in CEE are unveiled and discussed in the concluding part of the paper. The management implications and conclusions from the study are discussed further in the final part of the paper.     

跨国并购中的相互传导机制研究

本文以跨国并购的动因理论和跨国并购相互传导机制的相互依赖理论为基础,分析了抢占市场型、寻求资源型、寻求效率型等跨国并购的相互传导机制类型。基于发达国家与发达国家、发达国家与发展中国家两个层面分析了跨国并购的传导效应及跨国并购对发展中国家的寡占传导机制。并从技术进步、东道国的后续扩张、跨国公司跟随三个方面分析了跨国并购的持续性。