经济波动对现金持有量的影响：一个理论分析框架

宏观经济波动作为影响产业以及企业行为的外生性变量,对企业的现金持有水平在特殊时期起到十分关键的作用,本文从现金持有的权衡理论、融资优序理论和代理成本理论三个方面分析了宏观经济波动下企业持有现金的动机,从而揭示宏观经济波动对企业现金持有决策的作用机理,为研究企业现金持有量的决定因素开辟了新的视角。     

企业内部资本市场对现金持有及其价值的影响——基于我国上市公司面板数据的实证分析

本文以2005-2011年中国A股上市公司为样本,实证分析内部资本市场对企业现金持有量的影响,并在此基础上进一步研究集团多元化和国有控股是如何影响企业现金持有及其价值.研究结果显示：内部资本市场增加了上市公司的现金持有量,但却显著折损了公司价值,内部资本市场加剧了企业持有现金的代理动机;国有控股集团在一定程度上缓解了上市公司的融资约束,但却未能提升公司的价值;多元化经营的集团公司现金持有量也偏低,但并非出于其缓解融资约束的作用,且呈现出显著的现金持有“多元化折价效应”.     

宏观经济状况会影响公司现金股利政策吗?

本文以2001~2011年在沪深交易所上市的A股公司作为研究对象,首次从宏观经济层面探究中国上市公司现金股利政策。实证研究发现,公司现金股利政策具有反经济周期特征,即宏观经济状况与公司的现金股利支付意愿负相关,符合优序融资理论。进一步研究发现,相对于高融资约束的公司来说,低融资约束公司的现金股利政策对宏观经济状况的变化更为敏感。     

上市公司资本结构与现金持有--基于权衡理论与啄食理论的再考察

本文研究了资本结构对我国上市公司现金持有量影响的异质性特征,研究得到：公司现金持有量与杠杆率总体上显著负相关,符合啄食理论的判断;杠杆率较高和较低的公司,其现金持有量与杠杆率显著负相关,中等杠杆率水平的公司,其现金持有量随杠杆率的增加而增加。啄食理论适用于解释高、低杠杆率公司的现金决策,而权衡理论对理解中等杠杆率水平的公司现金持有量与杠杆率的关系更有效。     

家族企业现金持有量影响因素分析

本文分析了我国家族上市公司现金持有量的影响因素。与已有的研究结论不同,本文实证回归结果表明,家族上市公司资产负债率、董事长和总经理两职合一、现金替代物、债务融资成本与现金持有量显著负相关,公司投资机会、第一大股东持股比例、股利支付率与现金持有量显著正相关,企业规模、银行借款比重、控制权与现金流权分离度和股权制衡比例和现金持有量没有显著相关性。融资约束是影响家族企业现金持有量决策的重要因素,而且家族控股股东对上市公司主要体现为支持动机,而不是一般认为的掏空动机。     

家族企业现金持有量影响因素分析

本文分析了我国家族上市公司现金持有量的影响因素。与已有的研究结论不同,本文实证回归结果表明,家族上市公司资产负债率、董事长和总经理两职合一、现金替代物、债务融资成本与现金持有量显著负相关,公司投资机会、第一大股东持股比例、股利支付率与现金持有量显著正相关,企业规模、银行借款比重、控制权与现金流权分离度和股权制衡比例和现金持有量没有显著相关性。融资约束是影响家族企业现金持有量决策的重要因素,而且家族控股股东对上市公司主要体现为支持动机,而不是一般认为的掏空动机。     

优序融资理论在公司债券融资上的应用

根据投资者的信用程度对公司进行排序,将公司分为 A、B两组分别进行资本结构,运用优序融资理论(Pecking Order Theory)、资本结构的动态调整理论(Target Adjustment)对公司的负债额度决策进行分析对比,发现中国市场上的企业并不遵循优序融资理论。虽然动态调整理论的加入增加了模型的解释力但结果说明企业大多存在着过量融资的现象。     

优序融资理论在公司债券融资上的应用

根据投资者的信用程度对公司进行排序,将公司分为A、B两组分别进行资本结构,运用优序融资理论(Pecking Order Theory)、资本结构的动态调整理论(Target Adjustment)对公司的负债额度决策进行分析对比,发现中国市场上的企业并不遵循优序融资理论。虽然动态调整理论的加入增加了模型的解释力但结果说明企业大多存在着过量融资的现象。     

上市公司现金持有量与盈利能力的实证研究——基于A股市场房地产行业的经验数据

目前,学术界对于最佳现金持有量的研究,主要集中于最佳现金持有量的影响因素研究,对于企业现金持有量和盈利能力持有量之间的相关关系鲜有涉及,企业持有现金的动机主要是为了满足企业的交易性需要、预防性需要、以及投机性需要,现金的特点主要表现在：①流动性强,②收益性较低,本文基于现金持有量理论中现金的流动性强和盈利性弱的逻辑关系对上A股房地产行业的上市公司的现金持有量和盈利能力进行实证研究。     

中国上市公司高额现金持有动因研究--代理理论抑或权衡理论

对上市公司为何会连续几年持有大量高额现金这种令人困惑的现象,财务理论上有代理理论和权衡理论这两种截然不同的解释。本文以174家在1998—2000年连续3年持有高额现金的上市公司作为研究样本,通过验证高额现金持有的决定因素及其给企业业绩的影响,来回答我国企业的高额现金持有行为可以用何种理论解释。本文认为与代理理论相比,权衡理论更适合用来解释我国企业的高额现金持有行为。我们认为为了更好地维护现金安全,提高企业的资金使用效率,从源头上解决我国企业高现金持有问题,今后更多的应该是从减少企业融资成本、增加投资渠道入手。     

激进战略与企业现金持有——预防性动机还是代理动机

以2007-2016年A股非金融上市公司为样本,考察了公司战略激进程度对现金持有决策的影响,并从现金持有价值与竞争效应两个角度,探讨不同公司战略类型下现金持有经济后果的差异。研究结果显示：公司战略越激进,企业现金持有水平越高;并且战略越激进,现金持有价值越高,现金的竞争效应越强。进一步研究表明：随着融资约束和经济政策不确定性的提高,采取激进战略的公司,现金持有水平进一步提高。这说明公司战略是影响现金持有决策的重要因素,而战略激进的公司持有大量现金主要是出于预防性动机,而非代理动机。     

Oil price uncertainty and corporate cash holdings: Global evidence

This study investigates the effects of oil price uncertainty on corporate cash holdings using large international publicly listed firms from 89 countries for the period 1990–2017. Building on the precautionary motive of cash and the trade-off theory, we argue that the oil price uncertainty has a significant impact on corporate cash holdings and this impact is nonlinear. First, we find that oil price volatility is positively associated with corporate cash holdings. However, we then find evidence that shows that the association between oil volatility and cash holdings exhibits a U-shape. Finally, we present evidence that the positive relationship between oil price uncertainty and corporate cash holdings is more pronounced in firms operating in oil-exporting countries and in oil-exposed industries. Overall, our findings support our predictions and are robust to multiple robustness tests.     

Grabbing hand or financial constraint mitigation effect? A reexamination of the relationship between institutional development and cash holdings

This study reexamines the impact of institutional development on corporate cash holdings. Our findings confirm that institutional development has a negative effect on corporate cash holdings, which may be partially explained by the financial constraint mitigation effect of institutional development. Our empirical evidence also shows that the corruption index, used as a proxy for the grabbing hand effect, does not mediate the negative effect of institutional development on corporate cash holdings. Furthermore, the impact of institutional development on corporate cash holdings is not significant for large firms and state-owned enterprises. These results are robust to different measures of cash holdings.     

Information Asymmetry and Corporate Cash Holdings

This study analyzes the effect of information asymmetry on corporate cash holdings. Using various measures of information asymmetry, this study shows that companies that operate in environments with higher information asymmetry have smaller cash holdings. This study continues to find a negative relationship between information asymmetry and corporate cash holdings from a battery of sensitivity analyses, including the tests using different regression methods and the difference‐in‐difference tests employing brokerage‐firm merger and closure events. On the whole, the results support the monitoring cost hypothesis of cash holdings over the investment opportunities hypothesis.     

The impact of political connections and business groups on cash holdings: Evidence from Chinese listed firms

We investigated the impact of political connections and business group affiliation on the cash holdings of firms listed on two main Chinese stock exchanges. We applied panel data regression analysis on a dataset comprising 10,832 observations for these companies from 2008 to 2015. We found political connections to be positively correlated with cash holdings, while business group affiliation is negatively correlated. Firms with both political connections and business group affiliations hold more cash. These findings are consistent with the tenets of agency theory and the speculative motives of corporate managers.     

超额现金持有水平与产品市场竞争优势——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

有关企业持现动机及其经济后果的已有研究较少关注现金持有的战略效应。本文借鉴公司战略经济学理论,探索性地研究了企业超额持现对产品市场竞争优势的影响,为企业财务决策与产品市场竞争之间的紧密联系提供了新的经验证据。我们研究发现,企业超额持现具有战略效应,且超额持现水平与产品市场竞争优势呈倒U型关系。进一步的研究显示,与民营企业相比,国有企业在相对较低的超额持现水平上出现对产品市场竞争优势影响的负向净效应。     

Corporate precautionary cash holdings

This paper models the precautionary motive for a firm's cash holdings. A two-period investment model shows that the cash holdings of financially constrained firms are sensitive to cash flow volatility because financial constraints create an intertemporal trade-off between current and future investments. When future cash flow risk cannot be fully diversifiable, this intertemporal trade-off gives constrained firms the incentives of precautionary savings: they increase their cash holdings in response to increases in cash flow volatility. However, there is no systematic relationship between cash holdings and cash flow volatility for unconstrained firms. We test the empirical implications of our theory using quarterly information from a sample of U.S. publicly traded companies from 1997 to 2002, and find that the empirical evidence supports our theory.     

中国上市公司高管学术经历对企业现金持有的影响

依据沪深A股上市公司2008-2017年数据,考量高管学术经历对企业现金持有的影响。结果表明：高管学术经历通过风险特质和创新活动影响现金持有水平;高管学术经历与现金持有水平正相关,行业竞争的缓和会削弱二者的正相关关系;相对于国有企业,高管学术经历对非国有企业现金持有水平的影响更显著。     

财务特征、公司治理与现金股利分配倾向

以2001～2008年间772家沪深A股上市公司为样本,实证分析财务特征和公司治理对现金股利分配倾向的影响得出,在财务特征方面,规模大和盈利能力强的公司倾向于分配现金股利,而成长性高和资产负债率高的公司则相反;在公司治理方面,国有控股、董事会规模大、高管薪酬高和由四大会计师事务所签证的公司倾向于分配现金股利,流通股比例高和独立董事规模大的公司却相反,而公司领导权结构的影响则不显著。概言之,财务特征显示上市公司有能力发放现金股利,但治理因素却表明上市公司并不希望发放现金股利。     

Managerial overconfidence and corporate cash holdings: Evidence from primary and secondary data

The corporate finance literature argues that overconfident managers tend to hold less cash, and this leads to a significant deviation from optimal cash levels. We analyse the impact of executive overconfidence on the corporate cash holdings of listed Vietnamese firms. To quantify managerial overconfidence, a novel core measure used in our analyses is voice pitch, which is obtained from interviews with top-line managers. Other measures of managerial overconfidence are also used to support the results and confirm the validity of the voice pitch measure. Our empirical evidence, with economically significant results, reveals that higher levels of overconfidence amongst managers are associated with lower cash holdings. Surprisingly, the findings show that overconfident managers tend to be associated with a low level of deviation from optimal cash holding levels. In addition, our findings also provide evidence that managerial overconfidence can increase cash levels and deviations from target cash holdings for overinvesting firms.