全生命周期视角下科创金融发展探讨

科创企业作为活跃的创新主体以及科技研发、成果转化的重要载体,其发展壮大离不开金融的有效支持。商业银行作为我国金融体系中的关键融资主体,更应努力满足科创企业全生命周期的金融需求,有效支持科创企业发展,助力创新驱动发展战略的实施。本文基于科创企业全生命周期的技术特点、金融需求和发展特征,分析了当前商业银行金融支持科创企业的主要路径,结合当前科创金融发展实情,提出了加大政策支持力度、完善配套服务机制、推进金融产品与服务创新等建议。     

转型升级视角下金融支持科技创新问题研究——以江苏常州为例

科技创新企业的发展、地方经济的转型升级都离不开金融的支持。本课题以江苏省常州市为例，从研究金融支持科技创新的发展现状入手，运用问卷调查与现场走访相结合的方法，剖析当前金融支持科技创新的问题和制约因素，并提出金融支持科技创新、推动地方经济转型升级的相关对策建议。     

科技金融有助于企业创新效率提升吗?——兼论企业数字化转型的调节效应

本文以2010—2019年沪深A股上市公司为研究对象,考察科技金融对企业创新效率的影响及其作用机制,以及企业数字化转型在其中发挥的调节效应。研究结果显示：第一,科技金融发展显著提升了企业创新效率,而企业数字化转型在其中发挥了显著的正向调节作用。第二,影响机制检验表明,科技金融通过缓解企业融资约束和提高企业治理水平两条途径,推动企业创新的规模效率和纯技术效率增长;第三,调节效应检验表明,企业数字化转型增强了科技金融对企业融资约束的缓解效应以及对企业治理水平的提升效应,进而助力企业创新的规模效率以及纯技术效率的提升。在数字经济快速发展、科技与金融深度融合的背景下,应大力推动科技金融发展,加强对企业数字化转型的政策支持,拓宽企业多元化融资渠道,支持企业提升创新效率,助力企业高质量发展。     

金融生态环境、企业社会资本与科技创新企业融资效率

本文以336家科技创新上市企业作为研究样本,运用跨层次模型分析了金融生态环境、企业社会资本对科技创新企业融资效率的影响。研究结果表明:金融生态环境以及企业社会资本均与科技创新企业融资效率呈显著正相关关系,且科技创新企业所处金融生态环境能够负向调节企业社会资本与融资效率之间的关系。     

金融科技影响了企业绿色创新吗——基于绿色信贷的视角

推动企业绿色创新是实现经济社会全面绿色转型的迫切需求,利用金融科技手段能否解决我国企业绿色创新中存在的融资难、成本高等问题呢？本文选用2011-2021年主股和创业板681个上市公司的数据,采用固定效应模型考察了金融科技对企业绿色创新的影响及传导机制。基准回归发现,金融科技能够有效促进企业绿色创新,该结论在改变样本区间、工具变量法和其他模型回归后依旧稳健。中介回归发现,金融科技能够通过扩大绿色信贷的广度和深度来推动企业绿色创新,倒逼污染企业进行绿色转型。异质性检验发现,金融科技对企业绿色创新的促进作用在东部地区、制造业企业和技术密集型企业更显著。企业绿色转型不仅是提升企业竞争力的重要手段,也是实现经济高质量发展的必然选择,应当不断探索金融科技对企业绿色创新的新赋能方式。     

传统金融发展、金融科技与企业创新

金融发展和金融科技状况是影响企业创新的两个重要因素。本文通过选取国内306个城市904 443个企业2004—2014年的面板数据，研究了以信贷业务为主的传统金融发展与金融科技对企业创新的影响，并分析了区域异质性和企业所有制异质性。本文研究结果显示，传统金融发展和金融科技均能促进企业技术创新，然而金融科技的发展挤出了传统金融发展对企业创新的促进作用。从区域视角看，我国中西部地区金融科技对传统金融的挤出效应要大于东部地区；从企业视角看，在国有企业中金融科技对传统金融的挤出效应要大于私营企业。因此，要持续推进传统金融发展的广度和深度，优先在中西部地区和国有企业中推广金融科技，释放金融科技赋能发展的潜力。     

金融支持科技创新存在的制约因素及政策建议

科技创新离不开金融的支持。在实施创新驱动发展战略中,尤其是在推动科技创新方面,金融大有可为。加大金融对科技创新的支持力度,应以创新的举措,多管齐下,更加全面、高效、便捷地为科技创新提供更好的服务,从而促进我国创新驱动经济发展战略的实施。     

科技金融发展对企业绿色创新的影响研究

基于2007-2019年我国A股上市公司数据,运用多元线性回归模型,考察科技金融发展对企业绿色创新水平的影响及作用机制。研究结果表明：科技金融发展通过减少企业融资约束与缩短财务违约距离,有效激发战略新兴产业等企业开展绿色创新研发活动的积极性,同时科技金融发展有效降低了企业发展战略选择时的风险厌恶程度,进而提升企业绿色创新的投资效率。此外,外部监管力量与地区金融发展水平的提高能够显著提升科技金融赋能企业绿色创新的工作效能。     

重塑科创企业信贷技术体系

<正>当前,全球科技创新空前密集活跃,科技制高点竞争空前激烈,我国正在加快实施创新驱动发展战略,加快实现高水平科技自立自强。2023年中央经济工作会议进一步提出“以科技创新引领现代化产业体系建设”。企业是科技和经济紧密结合的重要力量,科创企业以创新创造推动经济高质量发展。科技创新离不开金融助力。商业银行等金融机构必须主动创新,通过变革理念、提升能力、升级手段、丰富工具、完善机制,致力于破解传统服务方式下的实际问题,提供更加高效服务于实体经济的金融业态、金融产品和金融服务。     

县域金融支持农业科技创新问题研究——基于陕西渭南的实证研究

加快农村经济发展,尽快实现农业经济结构的战略转型,根本出路和核心动力在于农业科技创新。农业科技创新活动的深入开展离不开金融的大力支持。金融资金作为农业科技创新最重要的外部资金来源之一,在地方政府投入有限的情况下,加强金融对农业科技创新的支持,对于解决农业科技创新的投入瓶颈问题具有十分重要的现实意义。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.