防治水域污染 实现渔业资源永续利用

本文分析了我国水域污染状况及其对于渔业经济发展的影响,指出工业污染是其主要来源,生活污染、农业污染、固体废弃物和酸雨也是其重要途径,而渔业自身的污染也不可忽视。并运用制度经济学的理论和观点分析了渔业水域环境污染的成因,指出人民的文化水平低,一些人经济道德素质 低下,产权制度、国民经济核算制度、干部考核制度不完善、经济发展水平低、技术落后,法制不健全是造成水域污染的真正原因。最后提出要保护好水域环境,实现渔业经济可持续发展,必须采取发展教育,完善经济制度,实行“全过程防治”等措施。     

社区研究的经济学模型——基于农村社区机制的研究

经济学研究社区与社会学的“社区研究”不同。社会学把社区当作一个“地域社会” ,在“社会人”的人性假设前提下 ,通过社区状况反映社会各种现象及其规律。现代经济学把“社区”当作一个增进共同利益的“社区组织” ,一个微观主体。本文试图在理性经济人和环境特性的假设前提下 ,从逻辑上回答自利的个人如何组成具有“共同利益”社区 ,又如何实现社区变迁 ,并解释社区中存在的一些复杂现象。为此 ,本文以农村社区机制为例 ,运用现代经济学方法和理论 ,构建一个社区形成模型与变迁机制 ,并归纳出社区表达和反映社区本质的变量体系。     

渔业管理问题之经济学透视

近年来，全球渔业普遍面临着过度投资、种群枯竭、渔获量下降和资源利用冲突加剧等问题，严重阻碍了渔业可持续发展目标的实现。本论文从经济学的角度，分析了渔业经济绩效最大化问题、渔业过度投资和渔业资源过度利用问题、渔业管理制度安排及其激励效应问题。在此基础上，总结归纳了成功的渔业管理制度必须满足的一些必要条件。     

辽宁港口地域组合形成,发展与可持续发展研究

文中对辽宁港口资源及其开发、港口布局、地域组合形成与演变过程、生产状况与特征进行了分析,对辽宁港口在区域经济中的地位以及辽宁港口进一步持续发展问题进行了研究。     

可持续发展需要制度创新─—对塔里木河流域生态环境变迁的调查与思考

本文通过对塔里木河流域生态环境变迁状况及其原因的调查和分析,提出：旨在实现可持续发展的生态环境保护必须得到制度的根本性保障。其中最关键的是：产权制度、法律制度、市场机制和行政干预。     

城市建设中的地域文化变迁

城市建设与其所在的地域有着密切的关系,城市建设推动地域文化的形成,地域文化引领城市发展。以青岛为例,通过研究城市建设与地域文化形成的紧密关系,避免特色地域文化的流失,重新认识地域文化的变迁,探索"都市文化"发展的新方向。     

山东省渔业互助保险运营情况研究

渔业是高投入高风险行业之一，由于渔业的组织化程度较低，渔民抗风险能力脆弱，迫切需要渔业保险提供保障。在商业保险逐步退出市场情况下，渔业互保协会遵循“互助共济，服务渔业”的宗旨，组织渔民开展互助保险，成效显著。近年，又积极争取国家政策和资金的支持开展政策性渔业互助保险试点工作，探索出一条国家政策引导、渔民参保互助、财政保费及费用补贴和协会基础运作的渔业保险新途径。山东省的渔业保险事业在山东省渔业互保协会的努力下不断发展壮大，本文通过对山东省渔业互助保险运营状况的调查分析，提出进一步完善山东省政策性渔业互助保险的对策建议。     

浅析我国家电行业营销渠道变迁状况

改革开放以来我国家电行业发展迅速,本文结合权力渠道理论等,阐述了家电市场营销渠道的变迁及其过程中的渠道权力分配情况,着重论述了21世纪以来大型家电连锁销售企业的快速发展带来的渠道权力失衡现象,以及现今的渠道变革状况。     

太湖沿岸传统型环境利用与沿岸农村社会的可持续发展

通过琵琶湖环境开发利用对地域环境、地域居民生计影响的分析,结合太湖沿岸农村环境利用变迁的实例,论证太湖沿岸农村社会的可持续发展,取决于如何发扬沿岸“因地制宜、相互依存”的传统型境利用体系。     

论旅游活动与地域文化变异消亡之相关性——以嵩山旅游文化圈为例

旅游地的旅游开发,带来了当地的经济发展,也带来了旅游地当地居民价值观念的变化,同时也出现了特色地域文化的变异及消亡。立足于旅游开发行为,讨论其影响特色地域文化变异的风险机理以及地域文化变异对旅游开发所能起到的反作用;并以嵩山文化圈的某些文化特质的变迁发展与变异消亡为例,建议旅游开发行为应当提升开发理念水平、主动承担社会文化责任并受到相应地监督制约。     

我国房地产税制的现状及改革构想

房地产税制是维护房地产市场公平竞争，实现国家对房地产业宏观调控的有力杠杆。然而，我国现行的房地产税制却存在税费不分、税制不统一、税制结构不合理等诸多问题。严重影响了其对房地产业应有的宏观调控作用。因此，适时地推进房地产税制的改革应是当务之急，应统一内外税制，合理界定税费的范围，建立统一、规范、合理的房地产税收体系。     

The Change in Productive Efficiency in Telecommunications in the United States

The question addressed here is whether the adoption of incentive regulation, which has become an important regulatory tool in the telecommunications industry in the USA, has resulted in a change in the technical efficiency of local exchange carriers in the USA. After providing an overview of the nature of incentive regulation, a methodology for measuring technical efficiency and its change is introduced. This is a multiple-output/multiple-input distance function approach to measuring technical efficiency. The results of implementing this approach for 19 local exchange carriers for the 1988-2001 period indicate that in the production of local service, intrastate toll/access service, and interstate access to local loops, there was no change in technical efficiency between the 1988-1990 period and the 1991- 2001 period, something that incentive regulation was specifically designed to promote.     

西部地区人力资本投资与知识化发展

人力资本投资在推动知识化发展的过程中存在自增强机制，通过促进人力资本保值增值，进行人力资源合理配置，改善配置环境和配置政策、完善配套措施，有助于充分发挥这一机制的功能，从而实现西部地区知识化发展。     

Age Discrimination in Employment in Canada

Issues pertaining to age discrimination in employment in Canada are analyzed with a view toward highlighting lessons that may be learned from the Canadian experience—an experience that is taking on increased policy importance. Reasons for the increased attention to age discrimination issues are outlined, followed by a portrayal of the age discrimination legislation and court interpretations in Canada, especially as they pertain to mandatory retirement. Enforcement aspects are discussed, as is the evidence on age discrimination in employment and the effectiveness of legislation with respect to age discrimination and mandatory retirement. The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons to be learned from the Canadian experience, especially with respect to the poorly understood but complicated relationship between age discrimination and mandatory retirement. Policy recommendations for strengthening age discrimination legislation are also outlined. (JEL J14 , J24 , J71 )     

Inequalities in Income Distribution in Slovenia

This article presents an empirical analysis of income distribution based on income tax data for Slovenia in 1991-2000. It presents evidence of rising inequalities in income distribution (gross income, gross wages and pensions). These results are supported by coefficients of variation, Gini coefficients and by the Lorenz curves. Inequalities increased rapidly in the 1991 to 1993 period. After a significant decrease in 1994 and a steady increase from 1995 to 2000, the peak value from 1993 was not surpassed. Atkinson's requirements for dominance comparisons are not violated. Inequalities are also present in the distribution of the benefits of economic growth among income groups.     

上海生态农业发展影响因素研究

文章分析了上海生态农业发展的影响因素,并利用计量模型进行检验,认为影响上海生态农业发展的主要因素有农业基础设施、农业劳动力资源、农业产业化水平、农业科技实力状况。     

Public participation in forestry in Turkey

Recently public participation in forestry has been seriously considered in Turkey. Participation is however quite a challenge for a country with a long tradition of top-down management and a strong bottom-up dependence on public provisioning. In such a setting, it may not be surprising that the experiences with public participation in forestry in Turkey are mixed. There are some positive initiatives like the creation of farmer's cooperatives and NGOs, but their role is quite limited and small of scale. This paper is bringing together different views based on existing studies in Turkish related to Turkey's experience with implementing public participation in forestry.     

Inter-enterprise arrears in economies in transition

In the context of economies in transition, the paper argues that an excessive liquidity squeeze could throw the economy into a persistent state of low economic activity. In such bad equilibrium, enterprise transactions become largely demonetized, with a chain of arrears, a form of involuntary credit, spreading over the entire system. The empirical analysis of the Romanian experience seems to support the view advanced in the paper.