企业环境经济责任投入产出核算模型的构建

本文运用SEEA核算的思想,结合企业生产经营的特征,在界定企业环境经济责任内容的基础上,对已有的企业环境成本核算与分析的投入产出模型进行了改进,并提出了新的投入产出模型。     

上海市金融保险业投入产出分析

本文根据2004年上海市投入产出表中数据对上海市金融保险业的投入产出结构进行分析，运用SPLUS统计软件对影响上海市产业经济力的主要指标进行了主成分分析、因子分析及聚类分析，根据分析结果对上海市金融保险业的产业经济力进行了测度，为发展上海市金融保险业提出合理化建议．     

中国产业经济动态：1987—1990—1992系列中国投入产出表比较分析

产业经济是宏观经济的基础。随着我国经济市场化程度的深入,我国经济的产业联系、产业结构、产业效益都将发生巨大的变化。及时了解与把握产业信息是制定产业发展政策及宏观经济政策的关键。本文将利用国家统计局出版的1992年、1990年和1987年度的投入产出表为分析工具,对中国产业经济的投入与产出进行实证研究。     

滇池流域可持续发展投入产出分析

滇池流域的生态环境由于昆明市经济的迅速发展而面临严峻的形势,用投入产出表来分析滇池流域经济与环境的影响关系是一个行之有效的方法,只需有限的环境保护数据及简单的分离方法就可以制作一张昆明市环境保护投入产出来,为政府进行环境经济规划提供依据。     

连徐高速公路对江苏经济影响的投入产出分析

苏北地区交通基础设施建设特别是高速公路建设是江苏省经济建设的重点,目的是以便利快捷的交通作为经济发展的强大“助推器”,以拉动整个苏北的经济发展。从而形成江苏同步发展的整体效应。文章运用投入产出法,分析连徐高速公路对于江苏省经济的影响,以促进项目与区域经济的协调持续发展,并为后续项目的建设和管理提供借鉴。     

浅谈高职高专经济数学投入产出分析教学改革

本文讨论的是在高职高专经济数学与专业融合的教学教改中,投入产出分析模块内容教学的改革方案。     

我国物流产业发展的投入产出研究

我国物流产业正处于中间产品型基础产业向完全中间产品型产业过渡,因此,一定的产业政策扶持,对促进物流产业的发展是非常必要的。国民收入系数表明,物流业单位产品所创造的国民收入远远低于农业、采掘业、批发和零售贸易业、文教卫生业、服务业,但是高于制造业、建筑业等。这一方面说明物流产业的大力发展将成为新的经济增长点,另一方面也表明我国物流企业运作成本较高,资产专用性强,净产值较低。     

中国的投入产出技术将蓬勃发展——评《中国经济计划与投入产出分析》

美国麻省理工学院教授波伦斯基和我国投入产出协会名誉理事长、系统科学研究所研究员陈锡康共同主编的《中国经济计划与投入产出分析》一书1991年11月已由牛津大学出版社出版。这术书全面系统地介绍了投入产出技术在中国的发展与应用情况，研究了很多理论及方法问题。是一本具有很高学术水平的作，也是国外出版的第一本关于中国投入产出技术的专。该书的出版，有助于世界各国了解中国投入产出技术的应用。     

投入产出分析若干方法论问题的研究

一般均衡理论和模型存在难以求解和实际应用的基本问题，后人从不同思路对它进行简化，形成了旨在从理论上清楚说明市场机制作用的局部均衡理论和纯粹出于应用目的而建立的投入产出分析。投入产出分析是在简化价格调节的作用下，从生产技术的联系出发，并在同质性、直接消耗系数稳定性和比例性等假设下，沿着数量调节经济结构的路径，实现了一般均衡的可计量化和可观测检验性。我们认为，投入产出模型的前提条件——市场机制的完善以及整个生产力结构的均衡与我国生产力多元化结构的现实有相当距离。因此，如何根据我国基本国情正确认识和解决我国投入产出模型假设的问题是应当引起关注和重视的基础性方法论问题。     

A Note on Qualitative Input–Output Analysis

The paper discusses qualitative input–output methods. It is shown that information is lost. Because the binary relationship constructed by qualitative methods is not transitive, the model lacks economic consistency. Qualitative methods are tending to become more sophisticated, but some problems of economic interpretation are raised.     

Trade Liberalization and Pollution: An Input–Output Study of Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Mexico

This paper examines the environmental effects associated with Mexico's participation in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). The objective is to provide quantitative estimates of carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions from changes in the level and structure of production and consumption activity in Mexico following a liberalization of trade. The quantitative analysis was performed using input–output methods with fuel use modifications to account for CO₂ emissions before and after NAFTA's implementation. As a result of NAFTA, CO₂ emissions are expected to increase from the anticipated increase in the size of the Mexican economy. While total emissions increase as a result of tariff elimination, there is also a shift in the structure of production and final consumption away from those sectors that are the most C02 intensive.     

Input,Output, and Environmental Management Productivity: Effects on Firm Performance

Firms invest considerable resources to control any of their operations that may have environmental impacts in an attempt to reduce such impacts but also generate economic value. Various studies of the basic creation or destruction of monetary value through environmental performance offer contradictory evidence. Therefore, the present study proposes a new definition of environmental management as the transformation of inputs (resources assigned) into outputs (valuable results). Both inputs and outputs should be taken into account to explain financial outcomes; further consideration should also include a third aspect, namely, ‘environmental management productivity’, which describes the relationship between the outputs and inputs of environmental management. Empirical analyses of Spanish firms with a certified environmental management system subject to the European Union's CO₂ emissions trading system provide evidence that all three aspects must be considered in combination to achieve a more comprehensive view of the impact of environmental management on financial performance. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

Sources of Structural Change in Input–Output Systems: A Field of Influence Approach

The analysis of structural change with input–output (IO) tables is extended beyond the initial ideas of Chenery and Watanabe, and beyond the recent applications of Feldman et al. and Dewhurst, to embrace a more comprehensive view. With this perspective, change is decomposed into three initial components, and these components are further divided into change initiated within the sector and outside the sector. The analysis is then linked with the notion of a ‘field of influence of change’ to provide a more complete view of the way in which changes penetrate the rest of the economic system. The analytical perspectives are illustrated with applications to a three-sector set of IO tables for the US economy for the period 1948–77.     

科技投入与产出的计量研究

本文考虑在生产函数的投入向量中引和科技投入变量T，从而得到y=f（L，K，T）形式的生产函数。这一形式的生产函数不仅在理论上是合理的，更为重要的是，对它可以采用横截面数据来进行参数估计，从而避免采用时间序列数据可能出现的价格波动对估计的影响。本文并采用上海的数据作为一个案例，对上述设想进行实证的探讨。     

The Grad Field of Input–Output Models and the Nature of Coefficients

The grad field concept of input–output models is proposed to investigate the nature of parameter change on input–output models. Two kinds of grad field are explored. One is VB, which represents the multiplier potential and can be used to judge the influence of coeficient change on B; and the other is VX, which represents the gross output potential and can be used to judge the influence of the change of coefficients and final demand on X. The sensitivity and important coefficient concepts of input–output models are further examined in terms of VB and VX. Four kinds of sensitivity functions and importance functions are suggested.     

Price-endogenized Input–Output Model: A General Equilibrium Analysis of the Production Sector of the Japanese Economy

This paper considers a generalization of the open Leontief model, by endogenizing the input coefficients on the basis of the neoclassical multi-sectoral produc-tion function. The adopted production function is of the two-level CES type, which is quite effective for avoiding the multi-collinearity problem. As a result, the estimates obtained are quite stable, satisfying the quasi-concavity conditions of the production function for all the sectors. Comparative statics based on the Jacobian of the excess supply function for each commodity market reveal that, owing to the factor substitution the effect of an increase in the final demand on the level of the production is significantly smaller than that which occurs in the open Leontief model with fixed input coefficients.     

A Synthetic Approach to Projecting Input–Output Tables

This paper describes an approach used in the Canadian input–output (IO) accounts, which seeks to enhance the timeliness of the tables. It combines traditional updating methods, balancing techniques and the most recent data. To assess the performance of this approach, aggregate estimates from the synthetic accounts are presented for two years, and compared with estimates from benchmarks and with estimates obtained from a mechanical estimation technique. The results show that most IO components can be estimated with a relatively small estimation error and that substantial accuracy is gained from using the synthetic approach compared with a mechanical technique. Results based on data which are two years away from IO benchmarks are obtained at the cost of large errors. Synthetic estimates of the IO accounts improve the timeliness problem by at least a full year.     

Environmental Accounting of Eco-innovations through Environmental Input–Output Analysis: The Case of Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Buses

The introduction of environmentally friendly innovations in both transport and energy sectors are included in the list of priorities of the European Union political agenda. This paper investigates the environmental consequences of the introduction of hydrogen and fuel cells technology in the European economic system by applying environmental input–output analysis and life cycle assessment tools. Hydrogen is produced through the reforming of natural gas and it is employed in fuel cells buses that offer transport services to final consumers. We have built three scenarios based on different assumptions on the final demand. We have shown the results for three impact categories: global warming, photochemical oxidation and acidification. The results suggest that the use of hydrogen in fuel cells buses is only environmentally desirable if accompanied either by the employment of renewable sources or by carbon dioxide capture, or both.