如何执行你的战略

对管理者来说,制定一个有意义的战略是件重要的事情.但更大的挑战还在于:如何有效执行你的战略.换句话说,管理者怎么才能让员工卖力地工作?管理者应该用什么方法推动员工的激情?     

The Open Innovation Journey: How firms dynamically implement the emerging innovation management paradigm

Open Innovation is currently one of the most debated topics in management literature. Nevertheless, there are still many unanswered questions in Open Innovation research. Especially two issues require further investigation: (i) understanding the relevance of Open Innovation beyond high-tech industries and (ii) studying how firms implement Open Innovation in practice. The paper addresses these topics by studying, through an in-depth case study, the journey that the Italian leading cement manufacturer, has undergone to move from a Closed to an Open Innovation paradigm.The paper shows that the Open Innovation paradigm is implemented along a three-phase process that comprises the stages of unfreezing, moving and institutionalising. Moreover, it emerges that the changes through which Open Innovation has been implemented involve four major dimensions, i.e. networks, organisational structures, evaluation processes and knowledge management systems. They should be therefore conceived as the managerial and organisational levers an innovating firm can act upon to streamline its journey toward Open Innovation. Theoretical and managerial implications of using these levers for implementing Open Innovation are discussed at length.     

浅谈医药企业贯彻实施ISO9000标准

简要论述了医药企业贯彻实施ISO9000的必要性,就如何开展贯标工作提出思路,并建议在贯标中应注意的问题。     

Organizing innovation projects under technological turbulence

Research on the organization of innovation projects suggests that increased project flexibility is a common reaction to high levels of technological turbulence. However, existing definitions of project flexibility are inconsistent and sometimes unclear, and empirical evidence is limited. This article makes an important distinction between flexible project planning and flexible project specifications. A negative relationship is found between flexible project planning and innovation project performance, whereas flexible product specifications are found to contribute positively.This article also examines how technological turbulence contributes to the choice of flexible or inflexible strategies. Technological turbulence can be present in the external environment or can be internal to the firm, when radically new products are developed. The findings suggest that when businesses perceive technological turbulence in the environment they are more likely to adopt flexible approaches to innovation in an attempt to adapt to external pressures. In technologically innovative projects, product specifications are likely to remain fixed while project organization is likely to be adapted to the needs of the project.Taken together, the findings suggest that innovation projects should maintain stable organization, schedules and budgets, but stay flexible about product specifications. Vigilance with regards to external and internal conditions of technological turbulence, which may lead organizations to be more flexible in terms of project planning, is needed.     

浅谈跨国经营企业实施内部财务转移的方法

本文分析了跨国经营企业实施内部财务转移的意义，对跨国经营企业如何实施内部财务转移进行了探讨，以期对全面提升企业的国际竞争力有所裨益。     

Evaluating innovation policies: The German experience

Until recently, evaluations of technology policy were rare in the Federal Republic of Germany. Activities of this type on a larger scale were not started until the early eighties. Most of the evaluations performed concerned government incentives for small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). The main areas of research and development (R & D) and innovation promotion in small and medium-sized firms are the improvement of the capability and propensity to do in-house R & D, intensified cooperation in R & D between industrial firms and research establishments, the provision of more venture capital, and improved technology transfer. The underlying assumption is that these firms have bottlenecks, in particular in financing, in the personnel sector, and in obtaining information. A number of the existing support programs has meanwhile been investigated; the results of these investigations are covered in this paper. Initially, the underlying concept of impact analysis is outlined. Next, examples are presented of evaluations of general R & D funding measures, of grants for specific projects, of the debate about the most suitable instruments of promoting R & D in SME, and of technology transfer. Finally, some implications arising from the results of these analyses for technology policy in the Federal Republic of Germany are discussed.     

失效模式与后果分析在技改项目中的实施方法

技术改造是企业加快技术升级,提高经济效益以及增强市场竞争力的重要途径。但是,企业技改项目还存在一些问题,比如周期长、成本高、忽视项目后评价等。文章通过在技改项目实施之前应用失效模式与后果分析(FMEA)方法,识别项目中的潜在失效模式,分析其失效机理,提出相应的解决措施,确保技改项目顺利进行。文章结合企业技改项目每个阶段的内容,建立应用FMEA的具体实施方法,为技改项目的顺利进行奠定基础。     

Strengthening regional innovation through network-based innovation brokering

The primary objective of this paper is to demonstrate how regional innovation system theory may be translated into manageable micro-level methods with the potential for strengthening the productive dynamics of a regional innovation system. The paper meets this objective by presenting network-based innovation brokering (NBIB), a practical method designed using insights from regional innovation system theory and trust theory. Five cases from two Norwegian regional innovation networks show that in addition to knowledge development and diffusion, NBIB strengthened collaborative attitude and trust between members of the regional innovation system. Moreover, it served as an arena for entrepreneurial experimentation, resulting in projects combining two modes of innovation; the Science, Technology and Innovation mode and the Doing, Using and Interaction mode. The method, thus, may be viewed as a useful addition to the inventory of methods used to stimulate innovation in regional innovation systems (RISs). On a more general level, the paper represents a call to the community of innovation researchers and practitioners to give a higher priority to the question of how to better realize the pragmatic potential of RIS-theory.     

大型零售企业如何实施自有品牌战略

加入WTO后,外资商业对国内零售企业的冲击不仅是对市场份额的重新瓜分,以及先进管理经验对中国零售商业传统体制的挑战,还将倡导一种以信贷消费为主的消费方式融入到国人的消费理念之中。为此,国内大中城市以超市连锁业态为主的零售集团迅速圈地,完成了新一轮商业布局,静候“狼来”。但是我们依然在赚取企业产品的批零差价。值得提醒零售商注意的是,零售业在形成规模营业面积超万平方米以后,必须通过发展企业自有品牌商品来进一步发挥零售业品牌     

如何在素描教学中提高学生的创新能力

创新是一个国家发展的不竭动力,随着国家对于民族创新能力发展的重视,如何在高等教育教学中提高学生的创新能力成为高等教育需要思考的问题,文章从高等教育的基础素描教学中如何从不同的教学体系的多样性,形式创新,以及工具和手法的创新来引导和提升学生的创造性。     

如何建立和实施食品安全应急准备响应机制

依据ISO22000：2005和HACCP对食品安全的应急准备响应机制进行阐述，提出针对食品链上相关组织的针对食品安全的应急准备与响应的系统模式，并在此基础上提出实施流程和要则。     

Building a national innovation system through regional innovation systems

This paper deals with the effective formulation and implementation of a national innovation system. It emphasizes that a concept of regional innovation system is a good tool to generate an effective national innovation system, as it can effectively create different sectoral innovation systems in different regions. Based on this theoretical review, this paper analyzes Korean regional innovation systems in terms of mapping of innovation actors. It concludes that the Korean national innovation system is relatively weak, as it has only three advanced regional innovation systems. However, it tells that there are six fast developing regional innovation systems and seven less developed regional innovation systems. They should be refined and further developed based on the active support by the central government, some policy measures for activating interactive learning between innovation actors, and also the close cooperation between the central and regional governments.     

世界知名企业如何成功地为顾客创造价值

成功的企业必然有成功的独特之处,这些独特之处,也许是成功的企业文化,也许是成功的管理理念,还也许是成功的产品等,但无论以上哪种情况,当今时代的成功企业都必须有成功营销策略或营销模式.     

Barriers to innovation through public procurement: A supplier perspective

Public procurement is increasingly viewed as having important potential to drive innovation. Despite this interest, numerous barriers prevent the public sector from acting as an intelligent and informed customer. This paper seeks to understand how barriers related to processes, competences, procedures and relationships in public procurement influence suppliers? ability to innovate and to reap the benefits of innovation. We address this by exploiting a dedicated survey of public sector suppliers in the UK, using a probit model to investigate the influence of structural, market and innovation determinants on suppliers? perception of these barriers.     

How to achieve customer service through short-cycle paperwork

The ultimate goal of short-cycle paperwork is to satisfy customers by filling their orders as quickly as possible. Tools and techniques that can help achieve this goal include Just-in-Time paperwork elimination, process mapping, paper flow mapping, function/process mapping, work cells, and electronic kanban. Each of these is described briefly in the article.     

Challenges to open innovation in traditional SMEs: an analysis of pre-competitive projects in university-industry-government collaboration

International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal - Governments are increasingly focusing their efforts on stimulating innovation within small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). As a result,...     

Knowledge processing and ecosystem co-creation for process innovation: Managing joint knowledge processing in process innovation projects

Process innovation drives industrial competitiveness and sustainability but remains elusive since it requires co-creation and the sharing of idiosyncratic design knowledge in ecosystems of providers and customers of process equipment. This paper investigates how firms can manage knowledge processing through co-creation in joint process innovation projects. Analysis of cross-comparative case studies –including nine industrial ecosystem actors – identifies three types of technological challenge (complexity, novelty and customization) that creates knowledge-processing requirements (uncertainty, equivocality) during the value co-creation process. To manage these knowledge-processing requirements, this paper explains how three joint knowledge-processing strategies (joint problem solving, open communication and end-user involvement) help ecosystem partners make sense of the requirements and demands in process innovation. In this context, the procurement approach (such as contracting and relationship development) helps to facilitate higher levels of joint knowledge processing, drawing on the diverse knowledge of ecosystem actors to secure successful process-innovation outcomes. The present study contributes to the emerging literature on co-creation in process innovation by developing a framework that highlights the knowledge-processing dynamics in ecosystem relationships for process innovation. The implications for management extends to a practical tool that guides project managers in ensuring appropriate levels of joint knowledge processing among ecosystem actors.

     

浅谈如何在中东地区进行国际工程项目施工

随着中国改革开放的深入发展,国际化的步伐加快进行,许多中国公司都相继走出国门谋求发展,在境外承揽着一些按照国际工程招标程序运作的大型项目。文中将结合作者在沙特内政部奈季兰王子办公楼项目施工过程中的经验对比较有代表性的沙特国际承包工程施工各个方面的问题进行分析以及阐明。