Mandatory Corporate Social Responsibility: The Indian experience

The question we raise is what to do when companies fail to keep pace with societal expectations with respect to their corporate social responsibility (CSR). The response of the Indian government was to make it mandatory for large corporations to spend funds on CSR activities. In this paper, we investigate the success of this legislation both for the companies and the intended beneficiaries. We find that the impact of the legislation has fallen short of expectations both in terms of the volume of CSR expenditure generated and the activities to which it has been directed. In particular, we find that the legislation has had a negative corporate profitability which can impact on the willingness of companies to spend in this area. We conclude that greater care must be taken when implementing mandatory CSR if it is to be effective.     

Political Views and Corporate Decision Making: The Case of Corporate Social Responsibility

This paper conducts an empirical analysis of the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and political beliefs in the United States. By analyzing the 2004 presidential election results of communities in which corporate headquarters are located, we establish a correlation between the political beliefs of corporate stakeholders and the CSR ratings of their firms. Companies with a high CSR rating tend to be located in Democratic, or “blue” states and counties, while companies with a low CSR rating tend to be located in Republican, or “red” states and counties.     

On the Foundations of Corporate Social Responsibility

Using corporate social responsibility (CSR) ratings for 23,000 companies from 114 countries, we find that a firm's CSR rating and its country's legal origin are strongly correlated. Legal origin is a stronger explanation than “doing good by doing well” factors or firm and country characteristics (ownership concentration, political institutions, and globalization): firms from common law countries have lower CSR than companies from civil law countries, with Scandinavian civil law firms having the highest CSR ratings. Evidence from quasi‐natural experiments such as scandals and natural disasters suggests that civil law firms are more responsive to CSR shocks than common law firms.     

The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Trend

Corporate Social Responsibility, or “CSR,” has recently become a subject of study by financial economists. While there is no shortage of anecdotal evidence to support all variety of positions, broad‐based statistical evidence about the CSR movement is in short supply. This article presents some new empirical evidence that aims to answer three related questions about CSR: First, are corporations increasing their “investment” in what is considered socially responsible behavior? Second, does corporate investment in social responsibility affect a company's financial performance and shareholder value? Third, why do companies invest in CSR: to increase shareholder value, or to uphold a “moral” commitment to non‐investor stakeholders and “society”? Using a social responsibility metric that measures the net CSR strengths (i.e., strengths less concerns) of each S&P 500 and Domini 400 company, the authors report that the average net CSR for both indexes decreased during the 15‐year period (1991‐2005) of the study—though the Domini 400, as might be expected, experienced a smaller decline. The authors also report that corporate strengths have increased, on average, but at a slower rate than the “concerns,” which suggests that corporate CSR efforts may be aimed at a moving target with steadily rising expectations and requirements. Second, the authors report that companies with more CSR strengths or fewer CSR weaknesses produced higher ROA over the same 15‐year period. The authors' findings here suggest a “circular” causality in which profitable companies are more likely to invest in CSR initiatives to begin with, but then find their performance further improved by such investment. Third, the authors' findings suggest that most companies devote resources to CSR initiatives as a means of maximizing long‐run value rather than out of a prior commitment to stakeholders. More specifically, the study shows that companies appear to invest more heavily to build CSR strengths than to eliminate CSR concerns. And as the authors conclude, this behavior is consistent with a strategy of using CSR as a form of “risk management” that promotes corporate strengths in order to limit the potential negative effects of—perhaps by diverting attention from—their weaknesses.     

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Cost of Corporate Bond: Evidence from China

This article examines the link between corporate social responsibility(CSR) and cost of bond(COB) in China. We find that there exists a negative relationship between CSR and COB. In particular, when the bond issuer is a state-owned enterprise, or when the credit rating of bond is high, the negative association between CSR and COB is strengthened. The findings indicate that CSR plays a significant role in reducing the risk premium of corporate bonds through an insurance-like effect. Moreover, the effect of CSR on COB also depends on contextual factors such as firm ownership and bond credit rating.     

公司治理与社会责任:被动回应还是主动嵌入

随着社会责任理论与实践的发展,将社会责任落实到公司治理机制中已是大势所趋,然而传统以委托代理关系为核心的公司治理理论体系无法为二者的融合提供坚实理论基础,导致实践中表现为公司治理对社会责任的 "被动回应"。在价值创造导向下重新审视公司治理理论体系,可以突破委托代理关系为核心的局限,将公司治理界定为服务于企业价值创造目标的制度安排,而在价值创造过程中,企业社会责任又是一种日益重要的因素,因此,公司治理与社会责任之间便具有了严格的内在逻辑关系,公司治理应将社会责任 "内生嵌入"于其理论和实践体系中。     

公司治理与企业社会责任:同源、分流与融合

对于公司治理与企业社会责任的融合这一颇具争议的话题,本文从理论溯源入手,指出现代企业的诞生是公司治理与企业社会责任共有的理论源头,责任概念是二者共有的理论内核,并对公司治理与企业社会责任在发展中出现的分流现象进行了分析。当前社会环境的变革与经济发展模式的变迁改变了二者分流发展的趋势,为二者的融合提供了外部条件,而二者共有的理论内核又为这一融合提供了内在必然性。     

个人投资者情绪对企业履行社会责任的影响

基于利益相关者理论,运用多元回归模型,依据2010-2018年度企业社会责任相关数据,将中国A股非金融类上市公司分为重污染企业和非重污染企业,考量个人投资者情绪对企业社会责任的影响.结果显示:个人投资者情绪越积极,企业社会责任履行状况越好;个人投资者情绪治理的效果会受污染异质性影响,相对于非重污染企业而言,个人投资者情绪对于重污染企业社会责任履行的影响更显著.鉴于此,应建立投资者情绪监测机制、鼓励社会责任投资等.     

Corporate Social Responsibility: The Link Between Sustainability Disclosure and Sustainability Performance

This paper explores the relation between sustainability performance and sustainability disclosure within the Australian extractive industries. The study utilizes Ullmann's (1985) stakeholder framework, which depicts sustainability disclosure and performance as two components of management strategy for dealing with stakeholder demands. Consistent with this framework, we predict a positive performance–disclosure relation. Extending prior research that has utilized problematic environmental performance indices such as CEP indices or toxic emissions levels, we develop a sustainability performance index based on the International Finance Corporation's Measuring Sustainability Framework (2001). Using data from 339 mining and energy firms listed on the Australian Securities Exchange in 2006, we find that corporate sustainability performance is strongly associated with disclosure as expected. Sustainability disclosure is also greater for firms with a proactive communication strategy as manifested through press release activity. Finally, asset age and firm size are both positively associated with sustainability, consistent with predictions from the stakeholder framework.     

企业社会责任管理中的风险控制研究──以BJNY集团的环境、健康和安全管理为例

社会成就企业,企业回报社会。企业作为社会的一个单元,应承担相应的社会责任。风险是对实现目标产生影响的各种不确定因素,是未来事件发生的可能性及其影响结果的组合,会造成实际结果与预期目标的差异。企业可能因社会责任问题导致经济损失、法律风险、道德缺失等,使企业难以持续发展。本文基于智能风险管理理念,运用先进的风险评估技术,构建了企业社会责任管理框架,并以BJNY集团的环境、健康和安全管理为例,分析了该框架在企业社会责任管理风险控制方面的具体运用。     

企业社会责任报告的规范问题分析

企业社会责任报告是企业非财务信息披露的重要载体,编制企业社会责任报告对企业来说是一个创造价值的过程。分析我国社会责任报告在内容、质量、地区分布及第三方审核等方面的相关规范问题,提出规范内容、完善形式、加强引导及实施监督等措施。并以中联重科所发布的2010年社会责任报告进行了例证。     

企业社会责任信息披露问题的探讨

企业社会责任要求企业在追求经济效益的同时也要兼顾社会利益.为了使企业相关利益者了解企业是否履行了社会责任,企业必须披露有关社会责任信息.我国企业社会责任信息披露还处于初级阶段,缺乏企业社会责任信息披露的意识.因此,在进行企业社会责任信息披露时,应披露能源利用、环境保护、职工利益等方面的内容,并在年报附注中披露社会责任信息,编制企业社会责任白皮书等.     

The Value Relevance of Corporate Social Responsibility Expenditure: Evidence from Regulatory Decisions

We examine the value relevance of the corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure of Bangladeshi banks from 2007–2014 in response to a regulatory directive on banking firms’ engagement in CSR activities. We find a positive association between CSR expenditure and a firm's market value. Evidence of an inverse U-shaped curvilinear association between CSR expenditure and market value suggests that the impact of CSR expenditure on a firm's market value has a certain limit. We also document that unexpected or abnormal components of CSR expenditure comprise value-relevant information. Our study provides empirical evidence to support the value relevance of CSR expenditure as an explanation for why firms should invest in CSR and why they should inform various stakeholders about their CSR activities.     

社会责任视角下的员工责任指标设计研究

企业的社会责任包括对员工的社会责任,员工是企业经济价值的创造者,企业只有全面履行对员工的社会责任,才能实现企业目标。文章以马斯洛需求层次理论为指导,阐述企业社会责任视角下员工责任指标设计的原则,并根据不同的需求层次系统地设计了员工责任指标。     

读桑坦德银行的企业社会责任年报

近日,西班牙桑坦德银行(Grupo Santander)宣布将在中国启动“桑坦德大学项目”(Santander Universities),该项目是桑坦德银行企业社会责任全球计划的一个部分,将首先建立天津大学、哈尔滨师范大学,佳木斯大学等高校与巴西、墨西哥和阿根廷等拉美国家领先高校之间的联系与合作,今后还会把更多的中国高校纳入其中。中国是桑坦德银行实施这类项目所选择的第一个亚洲国家。     

基于企业社会责任的管理会计框架重构

企业社会责任(CSR)的概念是不断演进的。无论围绕风险管理关注CSR对企业价值的影响,还是投资者结合社会责任投资(SRI)再造投资管理新模式,以及结合CSR与SRI的相关性来重新定位公司治理的作用等,均需要完善管理会计系统,进而重构管理会计的新框架。当前,从CSR的伦理观考察管理会计的框架结构是一种比较现实的选择。     

企业社会责任视角下的财务绩效研究

本文在利益相关者理论框架下,选取适当的指标测量企业的社会责任履行情况、评价企业财务绩效,同时,设置其他影响财务绩效的因素作为研究的控制变量;选取我国沪深两市A股上市公司2008-2012年5年的面板数据,通过建立个体固定效应面板数据模型,对模型进行描述性统计分析、回归分析与稳健性检验,得出结论:对大多数利益相关者的社会责任能提升企业财务绩效,但企业社会责任对财务绩效的积极影响具有一定的滞后性和长期性.同时,根据研究过程中发现的问题和研究结论,为企业社会责任战略的制定提出了意见和建议.     

政府信任关系、企业社会责任与企业竞争力

稳固的政府信任关系不仅能有效促进企业组织力的增强,还能够帮助企业优化治理结构,增强风险抵抗能力,提高组织韧性.保持深入的政府信任关系会使企业注重社会责任的履行,有助于企业形象的塑造,但同时也会占用企业有限的资源.以资源依赖理论、制度理论、信号传递理论、利益相关者理论为基础,选取529个A股上市公司2011-2018年连...     

企业社会责任与企业金融化:金融工具还是管理工具?

经济新常态背景下,企业社会责任会作为掩饰企业金融化的"金融工具",还是成为促进可持续发展的"管理工具"?本文以2009-2016年在A股上市的非金融企业为样本,实证检验了企业社会责任对企业金融化的影响及其传导机制。结果显示:企业社会责任与企业金融化呈负相关关系,是抑制企业金融化的重要管理工具,而非金融工具;通过不同的分组回归发现,管理工具假说在高社会责任的企业、国有企业以及应规披露的企业中表现明显。进一步,实证发现企业社会责任能通过信号传递与融资渠道两种机制抑制企业金融化行为。本文的研究有助于深入理解企业社会责任影响企业金融化的内在逻辑,为监管部门制定相关政策与推动企业积极主动履行社会责任提供了经验证据。