中国的金融市场开发与贷款证券化

随着金融市场竞争压力的加大,传统的融资方式已经不能满足投资者的需要。贷款证券化可以使资金拥有者通过这一渠道将资金转移到贷款者手中,能很好地解决当今社会许多融资难的问题。这种形式如果能够在我国的金融体系中得到完善,会极大地促进我国的经济建设,也能较好地解决投融资体系的现实问题。     

中国金融业资产的规模与效率

通过在金融资产结构与经济增长模型中引入能够综合反映制度变迁的制度变量,证明国家制度变迁对一国金融资产结构与经济增长会起到促进或制约的作用.当制度供给与金融资产结构和经济增长对制度的需求达到均衡时,国家制度安排会优化金融资产结构、促进经济增长,否则便会出现规模与效率的"反比"现象,从而回答了我国金融资产规模与效率之间为什么出现悖论的问题.我国应积极发展非银行金融机构,实现金融体系多元化,对内开放,满足我国经济对多层次、多样化金融的需求,完善金融市场准入制度,优化市场参与主体结构,促进股票市场和银行协调发展.     

论财务会计信息在公司治理中的作用

财务会计信息对于公司治理具有重要意义。高质量的会计信息可以降低管理层与外部人之间的信息不对称,从而有助于解决逆向选择和道德风险问题;信息披露自身可以对管理层形成有效的约束,促使管理层强化受托责任,并可以为相关主体提供治理所需信息,从而加强外部人对管理层的监督和制约;通过降低对其他高成本治理机制的需求,高质量的会计信息还可以有效地降低公司治理的整体成本,提高治理效率。因此,财务会计信息是实现公司治理目标、保护投资者利益的重要工具。我国应当不断地完善会计准则,并加强会计监管,以提高会计信息质量,更好地为公司治理服务。     

Financial reporting by charities: a matched case study analysis from four countries

This paper analyses financial reporting requirements applicable to charities in four jurisdictions—Australia; England; Ireland; New Zealand—using case study analysis which compares the actual financial statements of four charities operating in the same field and with similar levels of total income. The authors highlight common issues and implications in terms of the concepts underpinning not-for-profit organization (NPO) financial reporting and argue the case for harmonized international NPO accounting standards.     

现代金融分析：范围、路线和范式转换

文章讨论了现代金融分析领域所涉及的基本问题和研究范围,识别金融分析同货币分析的区别和联系,现代金融分析发展的思想起源以及随着这种思想路线的发展而形成新古典主义金融分析。并对现代金融学的理论框架进行评估,分析了行为金融学兴起的价值理论基础。其目的是对“现代金融学”教学和研究的理论框架、历史演变,以及变革发展的趋势作一个概括,从而为我国21世纪的条件下的金融学理论体系重建提供一个历史的参照。     

The Cascade of Fear: Policy Implementation and Financial Management Reform in the European Commission

The complexity of managing European Union (EU) spending programmes is the subject of much comment but relatively little academic analysis. Using a multi‐disciplinary analytical framework drawn from the management, policy and social sciences, this fieldwork‐based case study examines the reform of financial management within the European Commission. In constructing an agent focussed narrative of a specific reform episode, it contributes to a growing literature on public management reform analysed from this perspective and also to the lightly developed field of EU financial management.     

Sentiment and Financial Health Indicators for Value and Growth Stocks: The European Experience

In this study, we analyse the effect of macroeconomic surprises on inflation compensation data – the sum of inflation expectation, risk and liquidity premia – in the euro area. The empirical analysis is based on a daily data set, which covers a wide spectrum of maturities, stemming from inflation-indexed markets between 2 January 2004 and 31 December 2007. Our results suggest that when gauging short- and medium-term inflation compensations, market operators are sensitive to surprises related to real activity and prices. Notwithstanding, long-term inflation compensations remain generally unresponsive to macroeconomic surprises, attesting the European Central Bank's high credibility on the sample under consideration. The study also cross-checks the results from two different euro area inflation-indexed instruments (bonds and swaps) which differ slightly regarding medium-term horizon but give a similar picture regarding long-term horizons.     

From Privatised to Hybrid Corporatised Higher Education: A Global Financial Management Discourse

Abstract: This study addresses the emerging financial management focus of publicly and privately funded universities in the global marketplace, focusing on their financial management strategies. Despite regional and national differences, both public and private universities are found to exhibit a global trend towards operating as predominantly market funded commercial organisations. In many countries this reflects the insinuation of New Public Management philosophies into university missions and strategies. University objectives show signs of serving an underlying financial imperative often driven by constrained government funding of higher education and the expansion of private higher education institutions. Revenue expansion through mass education and engagement in the education export trade emerge as primary financial management strategies for a self‐generating profit oriented business model of higher education.     

Financial Policy in Practice: Benchmarking Financial Sector Strategies Around the World

Policy makers use financial sector strategies to formulate a holistic policy for the national financial system. This article examines and rates financial sector strategies around the world on how well they formulate development targets, arrangements for systemic risk management, and implementing plans. The strategies are also rated on whether they consider policy trade-offs between financial development and systemic risk management. The rated strategies are then benchmarked against a range of country characteristics. The analysis finds that the scope and quality of national strategies for the financial sector are systematically influenced by several country characteristics. Interestingly, policy trade-offs, particularly between financial development and systemic risk management, are not adequately considered in the strategies.     

国外农村金融问题研究综述

从对农村金融市场及其中供求关系、农村金融组织体系及供给主体、农村金融管理体制、农村金融机构产权制度、农村金融组织微观运营机制等方面作出概括，以对我国当前的农村金融体制改革起到借鉴作用。     

我国金融上市公司投资效率的实证研究

本文基于2007—2013年我国金融上市公司的面板数据,借助DEA-Malmquist指数方法,对我国金融上市公司的投资效率进行分析。结果显示,我国金融行业整体投资效率呈下降趋势,投资效率的下降主要在于技术的退步;金融行业的技术效率稳中有升,主要来自金融行业规模效率的提升;银行整体投资效率高于证券保险业,证券业与保险业之间差距较小。因此,我国金融上市公司的投资效率应从金融工具创新、规模效应以及政策扶持三个方面进行提升。     

The Financial Accountability of Australia's Medicare System: A Generational Accounting Analysis

The financial sustainability of publicly funded health care systems is sensitive to the demographics of ageing populations, which have a significant bearing on their financial management, accountability and reporting of their financial performance. This paper examines historical and current trends in demographic structure of Australia's population that are likely to impact on the financial management and accountability practices affecting Australia'suniversal public health care system ('Medicare'). The pay-as-you-go financed funding status of Medicare as represented under both currently required, cash-based accounting principles and proposed accrual-based accounting principles are criticised for not recognising the obligations of the Australian government under Medicare. An alternative system of generational accounting is proposed that projects the financial management costs of Medicare. Data are taken from both historical trends in expenditure and ageing as well as projected demographics. The analysis implies that there is significant intergenerational-inequity in the funding of Medicare, which is not recognised under accrual-based accounting principles that are now being used to evaluate the financial accountability and performance of government entities.     

中国金融结构进一步调整的重心：构建地方特色金融体系

从宏观层面上看,当前中国金融结构调整的大动作基本结束,因此,区域金融发展成为关注的焦点。由于区域经济战略地位竞争,区域金融资源差异,区域金融结构体系缺陷成为掣肘地方经济转变发展方式和提高金融资源配置效率的关键因素,解困这一问题需要进行地方金融结构的调整,依托地方金融资源优势和地缘战略优势,构建地方特色的金融体系,包括地方城乡金融机构体系、地方多层次金融市场体系、以丰富城乡金融产品链为立足点的地方金融服务体系以及地方金融管理体系。     

Financial and external reporting research: the broadening corporate governance challenge

This study provides a critical examination of contemporary financial and external reporting research from a corporate governance perspective. Adopting Hines' social constructionist approach to financial reporting, the study investigates research into accounting publishing patterns, published reviews of major subject areas within financial and external reporting research, and interviews a sample of accounting professors in British universities. The findings reveal a strong North American economics and finance-based positivist influence, a largely uncritical acceptance of accounting's subservience to the demands of the market, a reluctance to engage major policy questions and broader reporting constituencies. These appear to be conditioned to a large degree by internal features and pressures within the academic research community. Evidence is presented for greater attention to major environmental shifts impacting accounting and communities globally, a reinvigoration of researchers' direct engagement with reporting constituents in the field, a revisiting of major accounting, business, social and environmental policy questions, and a preparedness to address today's major corporate governance concerns of communities and governments.     

论现代财务管理在企业中的应用

加强现代财务管理的必要性的原因是:新型的企业财务制度的初步形成;企业规模的扩大;企业财务管理是对企业产权的管理。加强企业财务管理的建议:树立金融意识;全面提升财务管理的层次和水平;加强成本管理;加强资金管理;加强资产管理;加强利润管理;加强风险管理;大力培养高素质的财务人员。自主管理、经营性主动管理、参与企业经营管理、优化资本结构是现代财务管理的几个要点。     

Derivatives Usage and Financial Risk Management in Large and Small Economies: A Comparative Analysis

The objective of this paper is to expand and update previous New Zealand — based surveys in order to compare and contrast risk management practices of firms in the small, foreign trade-dependent economy of New Zealand to those of firms in the considerably larger, more developed US, UK, and German markets. This survey examines patterns of usage, reasons and objectives for derivatives use, and reporting and control procedures and finds that the practice of hedging with derivative instruments among New Zealand firms appears to be evolving as global markets become more integrated. We find that the percentage of firms involved in hedging, both large and small, has grown since the last New Zealand surveys, and that New Zealand firms have many of the same reasons and objectives for using derivatives as firms in the much larger American and European economies. We also find that the focus on control and reporting derivatives transactions in New Zealand is similar to that of firms in the other countries and appears to have strengthened since previous surveys.     

会计信息化促使科研单位财务管理的三大转变

在中国会计改革与开放30年之际,回顾科研单位会计信息化的发展历程,深入分析会计信息化建设给财务管理带来的变化,展望今后会计信息化建设,促进科研单位会计管理现代化。     

Measuring the Effect of Federal Research Funding on Private Donations at Research Universities: Is Federal Research Funding More than a Substitute for Private Donations?

The nature of federal research funding has changed in the United States over the last 30 years. In part, federal research funding has changed in the distribution of funding across disciplines and across universities. Federal funding to universities with historically low levels of funding has also experienced greater growth than those universities with historically high levels of funding. In addition, universities have become more involved in the political process with respect to the allocation of funding for higher education. As the nature of government funding changes, this paper questions its effect on private donations to research and non-research universities. The general presumption of much of the existing theoretical work is that government and private funding for charitable goods are substitutes. Limited evidence exists to suggest, in some circumstances, there may be a positive correlation between these two sources of funding. Potentially, because the government undertakes the expense to gather information about the research universities, and engages in such activities as peer-review of research proposals, the government through its grant awards may provide a signal of quality of research or other information to donors that is less noisy than that available to private donors. Similarly, there may be other types of spillover effects from research funding to private donations. In this case, a change in government grants has both a positive and negative effect on private donations, suggesting a positive correlation between private and public donations if the effect from the dissemination of information is greater than the substitution effect of government grants. I examine data for private and public universities in the United States to measure the relationship between private and public donations under a fixed-effects OLS regression. I explore issues of bias from endogeneity or omitted variables and report the results from a two stage least squares regression in which I use a set of measures that affect federal research funding but not private donations. Regardless of the specification, the results suggest private and public donations are positively correlated for research universities and negatively correlated for non-research institutions. On average, increasing federal research funding by one dollar increases private donations by 65 cents at research universities, decreases private donations by 9 cents at universities whose highest degree granted is a masters, and decreases private donations by 45 cents at liberal arts colleges.     

我国非营利组织的财务管理

发展非营利组织对推进社会主义现代化建设有重要的现实意义。然而,目前我国非营利组织的财务管理存在许多的问题。非营利组织财务管理的这些问题不仅严重制约了自身的发展,而且增加了社会的不稳定因素。因此,要采取措施加强我国非营利组织的财务管理,进而营造一个良好的社会环境,使整个社会更加和谐安定。