马克思经济学和古典经济学研究方法上的演化关系探析

古典经济学和马克思经济学是前后相继的两个经济学体系。两者在方法论上既有区别,又有联系。文章就两门学科的研究方法作了简明概括的比较,论证了马克思经济学在研究方法上对古典经济学的继承、发展和创新。     

Classical Economics and the Problem of Exhaustible Resources

In this paper we discuss in terms of the simple model of exhaustible resources proposed by Bidard and Erreygers some of their propositions. The concept of ‘real rate of profit’ introduced by them is shown to be of no analytical use. It is stressed that the mathematical properties of the economic system under consideration are independent of the numeraire adopted. The classical treatment of exhaustible resources in terms of differential rent is shown to be correct under well‐defined conditions. It is argued that it is complementary to, rather than incompatible with, the approach which emphasizes that in conditions of free competition the rate of profit obtained by conserving the resource equals that in production processes.     

新兴古典经济学工业化理论之我见

新兴古典经济学的工业化理论着重研究了工业化的一般前提条件——交易效率对工业化的作用，有其重大的理论意义与实践意义。但该理论存在以下缺陷：没有对工业化的内涵和外延进行界定；没有对工业化的其它前提进行研究；对工业化的演进阶段、工业化与其它产业及其内部关系的研究重视不够；其理论结论难以实证。     

古典经济学与新古典经济学经济增长理论的比较分析

经济增长理论一直都是经济学家们不断努力研究和探索的领域,而真正能够把自己的主张理论化、体系化的,就要从亚当.斯密的《国富论》算起。从亚当.斯密开创的古典经济学派所提出的经济增长理论到当今盛行的内生增长模型以及制度经济增长模型,经济增长理论经历了不同阶段的发展。与古典经济学派的经济增长理论相比较,马歇尔的经济增长理论最明显的区别之处就是在考虑市场的时候,加入了需求方面的思考,并且在方法论中主要利用了主观主义以及边际分析方法和数学的方法,使人们注意到,生产并不是一切,只有供求平衡才能把具有稀缺性的资源分配到最适宜的地方,做到资源的有效配置。     

我国劳动人口在经济发展中的优势分析

在新兴古典经济学的框架下,从改变交易效率、人口素质、生产率及人均资源量等变量,对经济发展影响的作用机制考量,只要采取相应的政策措施,并对变量加以改善,就能将劳动力过剩压力转变为促进经济快速发展的动力,从而为我国经济的可持续发展提供支持。     

网络经济环境下中小企业核心竞争力培育

我国中小企业核心竞争力不强。电子商务可以促进中小企业核心竞争力的培育。中小企业应该从开发核心技术、建立科学规范的企业制度、制定适合企业的战略目标以及建设特色的企业文化四个途径来培育自己的核心竞争力。     

核心关税同盟共同对外关税的选择

区域贸易协议（RTA）的成员如何选择对非成员国实施协同贸易政策具有重要意义：第一,区域贸易协议的数量在不断增加,越来越多的国家发现他们被含有重要的战略性贸易伙伴关系的协议排除在外,因此了解各成员国如何协调对外贸易政策的机制对     

How to Fight Hard Core Cartels? Comments on Collusion in Industrial Economics

Industrial economics has successfully clarified the mechanism of collusive conduct and its facilitating factors. But policy implications for remedial actions are less straightforward. This paper provides some supplementary comments from the viewpoint of enforcement issues against price-fixing agreements. There are some disagreements among practitioners concerning the probative value of circumstantial (or economic) evidence. Information exchange may be a possible clue to elucidate the evidentiary standard. On the other hand, there seems to be a unanimous agreement, if appropriately designed, on the desirability of leniency programs. Necessity of leniency programs must be a reflection of stricter standard of proof in court decisions, resource constraints of antitrust enforcer, or increasingly defensive acts of conspirators.     

外语经济学与语言经济学比较研究

语言经济学研究是采用经济学的研究方法和工具来分析研究索绪尔所提出的超凡"语言"和"具体语言"的经济特性,即价值、效用、费用和收益,是一种就语言为语言而研究语言的纯粹理论研究,本质上属于语言学的研究范畴;而外语经济学是把广义外语作为涉外经济的一个不可或缺的重要因素,采用经济学的研究方法和工具分析研究由外语+外语人+外语人语言行为三者构成的有机整体作为涉外经济活动中存在于内而非游离之外的因素的经济特性,是一种应用研究。外语经济学与语言经济学彼此虽具有相关性,却是互不隶属的两个交叉学科。     

老年经济学与老龄化经济学

作为新兴的经济学分支学科,老年经济学和老龄化经济学还有一些基础理论方面的问题需要研究.老年经济学和老龄化经济学是两个彼此独立又相互联系的经济学分支学科,它们彼此之间在研究对象、研究内容、基本假设和原则,以及理论支持体系等方面都存在着差别.对这些差别的认识将有助于我们对老年经济学和老龄化经济学分析的深入.     

重构流通经济学:基于商务经济学的视角

流通经济学研究的贫困问题不容忽视.主要原因在于学科的基本概念模糊、学科定位不准、没有一个科学的研究范式.但是,流通经济学的贫困不能否定流通经济学科的存在.通过构建商务经济学是解决流通经济学贫困的出路,它能够拓宽了流通经济学的研究领域和研究空间,使得流通、贸易、商业等术语使用混乱的状况得到改善.商务经济学可以加速内外贸学科一体化,突出电子商务的作用.     

在华外商投资企业中争夺控制权问题研究

近年来,外商越来越重视对外资企业控制权的争夺,这一方面给我国带来了先进的技术和管理经验,另一方面又给我国经济带来一些负面影响。因此,我们应深入思考并制定对策,使其负面影响降到最低程度。     

Economics Perspectives on the Entrepreneurial Decision

The pervasiveness of the entrepreneurial phenomenon draws scholars’ attention to what determines the decision to become an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurial decisions imply judgemental decisions. Different approaches in economics conceive such judgemental decisions as firm entry, or real investment in the creation of a new business, or making a career choice in favour of a particular type of self-employment. In this paper, the literature on entrepreneurs’ features, motives, and markets is enriched with theoretical and empirical results from industrial organization, financial economics, and labour economics.     

Consumer Economics and Family Economics: The Charge,the Response

A “Timeless” charge to consumer economics and family economics is identified. In light of the charge, the area is examined with particular emphasis on scholarly activity. It is suggested that scholarship in the area is diffuse and often addresses parts of issues. This creates concerns as to whether the historical charge is being met.     

行为经济学基础及其理论贡献评述

行为经济学可谓是继新制度经济学之后进一步将经济理论分析由讲台推向现实蹬一个经济学流派。2001、2002年度诺贝尔经济学奖以及2001年美国Clark奖均授予行为经济学家的这一事实，反映了主流经济学对行为分析方法的认可。本文拟结合主流经济学的分析难题对行为经济学的基础架构作出解析，在对预期理论的主要内容进行分析的基础上，评述该学派之于经济理论发展的贡献。鉴于行为经济学与实验经济学在研究方法、内容等方面存在着一定程度的交叉，本文的分析会在一定范围内涉及到实验经济学；但本文的重点是介绍行为经济学，只是在对行为经济学的理论贡献作出评论的某些场合阐述一点个人见解。     

Product Standards and the Economics of Time

It is increasingly common for policy makers to evaluate product standards in cost-benefit terms. However, such evaluations focus on the product itself rather than the product in use. The possible impact of the standard on consumers’ use of time is therefore overlooked. As a result, cost-benefit relationships could be systematically misrepresented.     

中小企业融资的制度经济学分析

中小企业融资难是一个世界性的问题。从我国中小企业融资的体制情况,可以看出中小企业融资难的制度性因素,理论上是不对称信息造成了交易中有道德风险与逆向选择问题,组织内部则产生代理问题。针对这些问题,银行在体制上,贷款在契约特性上及中小企业在治理结构上都存在问题。     

商品换季降价促销的经济学分析

合理的商品降价促销可以扩大企业或商场的商品销售量,增加利润。但是商品降价幅度太大将使企业或商场的利润减少,从而对企业或商场的发展后劲产生影响;商品降价幅度太小也不利于企业或商场的商品促销,利用数学分析方法计算了商品合理的降价幅度及最大可能降价幅度,以供决策者参考。     

Buyer-Seller Relationships and the Economics of Information

Section I In this paper, a theoretical framework is developed for the analysis of industrial buyer-seller relationships, using the concepts of search, experience and credence qualities, as known from Economics of Information theory. For this purpose, a dynamic perspective on this configuration is offered. By assuming a shift from experience qualities to search qualities in successive transactions, the evolution of the industrial buyer-seller relationship is explained. Section II The analysis indicates that Economics of Information theory may be a useful approach to analyzing industrial buyer-seller relationships. It allows an economic perspective on the phenomenon, while being measurable. The relationship-building can be explained and the changing dynamics of relationships over time can be described.     

Business Economics and the Printing Industry

The printing industry has a large economic footprint that is dispersed through all 50 states. Based on the work of the Center for Print Economics and Market Research of the Printing Industries of America, this paper describes and analyzes the industry’s segments, functions, and processes; macroeconomic drivers and competition; industrial structure; profitability; and prospects.