The Price of Exhaustible Resources

The method of given quantities, which Sraffa applies to the theory of intensive land cultivation, is adapted to deal with the case of an exhaustible natural resource of uniform quality. Such an extension requires the assumption of a structural change, consistent with the appreciation of the resource according to the Hotelling rule. It is argued that this approach possesses a limited theoretical scope, but no novel limitation arises in addition to those related to the problem of ‘square techniques’ which have already been investigated in the discussion of Sraffa'rs price equations.     

马克思经济学和古典经济学研究方法上的演化关系探析

古典经济学和马克思经济学是前后相继的两个经济学体系。两者在方法论上既有区别,又有联系。文章就两门学科的研究方法作了简明概括的比较,论证了马克思经济学在研究方法上对古典经济学的继承、发展和创新。     

古典经济学与新古典经济学经济增长理论的比较分析

经济增长理论一直都是经济学家们不断努力研究和探索的领域,而真正能够把自己的主张理论化、体系化的,就要从亚当.斯密的《国富论》算起。从亚当.斯密开创的古典经济学派所提出的经济增长理论到当今盛行的内生增长模型以及制度经济增长模型,经济增长理论经历了不同阶段的发展。与古典经济学派的经济增长理论相比较,马歇尔的经济增长理论最明显的区别之处就是在考虑市场的时候,加入了需求方面的思考,并且在方法论中主要利用了主观主义以及边际分析方法和数学的方法,使人们注意到,生产并不是一切,只有供求平衡才能把具有稀缺性的资源分配到最适宜的地方,做到资源的有效配置。     

基于累计开采量的资源税费改革分析

以煤炭资源为例,我国资源开采中的低效率和浪费现象普遍存在。综合考虑煤炭资源利用率和回采率,通过建立基于资源税费视角的煤炭资源最优开采的动态优化模型和静态模型,分析各种资源税费对煤炭资源累计开采量影响,提出提高煤炭资源利用率的合理税费方案。     

新兴古典经济学工业化理论之我见

新兴古典经济学的工业化理论着重研究了工业化的一般前提条件——交易效率对工业化的作用，有其重大的理论意义与实践意义。但该理论存在以下缺陷：没有对工业化的内涵和外延进行界定；没有对工业化的其它前提进行研究；对工业化的演进阶段、工业化与其它产业及其内部关系的研究重视不够；其理论结论难以实证。     

我国劳动人口在经济发展中的优势分析

在新兴古典经济学的框架下,从改变交易效率、人口素质、生产率及人均资源量等变量,对经济发展影响的作用机制考量,只要采取相应的政策措施,并对变量加以改善,就能将劳动力过剩压力转变为促进经济快速发展的动力,从而为我国经济的可持续发展提供支持。     

论人口、资源与环境经济学学科构架的理论基础

人口、资源与环境经济学是一门正在形成中的横跨生态学、经济学、社会学、战略学和法学的新兴学科。构建这一学科体系的理论基础是什么?人口、资源与环境之间及其经济运行过程是否具有内在的本质的联系?至今还未获得令人满意的答案。提出由物质本源论构建起人口、资源与环境经济学的广义物质变换理论基础;由社会发展构成要素论构建科学发展观的认识论基础;由广义经济学和人口、资源与环境之间的转换、循环、代谢与平衡理论构建人口、资源与环境经济学的学科理论体系的理论思路。试图揭示人口、资源与环境问题的实质,以期从根本上解决构建人口、资源与环境经济学学科的理论基石问题。     

论人口、资源与环境经济学学科构架的理论基础

人口、资源与环境经济学是一门正在形成中的横跨生态学、经济学、社会学、战略学和法学的新兴学科.构建这一学科体系的理论基础是什么?人口、资源与环境之间及其经济运行过程是否具有内在的本质的联系?至今还未获得令人满意的答案.提出由物质本源论构建起人口、资源与环境经济学的广义物质变换理论基础;由社会发展构成要素论构建科学发展现的认识论基础;由广义经济学和人口、资源与环境之间的转换、循环、代谢与平衡理论构建人口、资源与环境经济学的学科理论体系的理论思路.试图揭示人口、资源与环境问题的实质,以期从根本上解决构建人口、资源与环境经济学学科的理论基石问题.     

经济学博士论文写作中的若干问题

本文认为,论文写作在现代高等经济类院校的教育体制中占有极为重要的地位,它与入学考试、学分制度和学位制度等都是构成现代高等教育体制中的重要组成部分。学位论文是跨入学术殿堂的入场券,写作经济学博士论文,选题特别重要,要重视学术文献引用的规范,要恰当使用数学工具,树立良好的学风和文风,同时还要注重知识积累,打牢学术功底。     

老年经济学与老龄化经济学

作为新兴的经济学分支学科,老年经济学和老龄化经济学还有一些基础理论方面的问题需要研究.老年经济学和老龄化经济学是两个彼此独立又相互联系的经济学分支学科,它们彼此之间在研究对象、研究内容、基本假设和原则,以及理论支持体系等方面都存在着差别.对这些差别的认识将有助于我们对老年经济学和老龄化经济学分析的深入.     

老年经济学与老龄化经济学

作为新兴的经济学分支学科,老年经济学和老龄化经济学还有一些基础理论方面的问题需要研究.老年经济学和老龄化经济学是两个彼此独立又相互联系的经济学分支学科,它们彼此之间在研究对象、研究内容、基本假设和原则,以及理论支持体系等方面都存在着差别.对这些差别的认识将有助于我们对老年经济学和老龄化经济学分析的深入.     

A Sequential Allocation Problem: The Asymptotic Distribution of Resources

In this paper, we consider a sequential allocation problem with n individuals. The first individual can consume any amount of a resource, leaving the remainder for the second individual, and so on. Motivated by the limitations associated with the cooperative or non-cooperative solutions, we propose a new approach from basic definitions of representativeness and equal treatment. The result is a unique asymptotic allocation rule for any number of individuals. We show that it satisfies a set of desirable properties.     

开发农村人力资源是解决“三农”问题的根本

“三农”问题是近年来社会各界倍受关注的热点,引起了各级政府高度重视。但只是“头疼医头,脚疼医脚”,没能从根本上认清问题的关键所在。重视农村人力资源开发,理性思考是解决我国“三农”问题的根本途径。     

Business Economics and the Printing Industry

The printing industry has a large economic footprint that is dispersed through all 50 states. Based on the work of the Center for Print Economics and Market Research of the Printing Industries of America, this paper describes and analyzes the industry’s segments, functions, and processes; macroeconomic drivers and competition; industrial structure; profitability; and prospects.     

Buyer-Seller Relationships and the Economics of Information

Section I In this paper, a theoretical framework is developed for the analysis of industrial buyer-seller relationships, using the concepts of search, experience and credence qualities, as known from Economics of Information theory. For this purpose, a dynamic perspective on this configuration is offered. By assuming a shift from experience qualities to search qualities in successive transactions, the evolution of the industrial buyer-seller relationship is explained. Section II The analysis indicates that Economics of Information theory may be a useful approach to analyzing industrial buyer-seller relationships. It allows an economic perspective on the phenomenon, while being measurable. The relationship-building can be explained and the changing dynamics of relationships over time can be described.     

Culture and Economics

The question of how far it is necessary to include cultural factors in the analysis of economic processes has become topical again in recent years. The first contribution to this Forum introduces a cultural approach to economics. This is followed by an article that examines the transition processes in central and eastern Europe from an econocultural perspective. The next article deals with the concept of a country-specific national tax culture and its implications for tax policy, especially in the context of transformation processes. The final paper discusses Turkey’s economic culture and its possible impact on the country’s integration into the European Union. * This outline is in its main parts the result of cooperation with Bernd Remmele and Joachim Zweynert. The author wishes to express his indebtness to Inga Fuchs for central insights on this subject, and to Michael Wohlgemuth, who helped to finish this paper in a short period of time. ** This article originates in a research project on the historical and cultural path dependence of the transition processes in Central and Eastern Europe (with special focus on the Baltic Sea region). The project is carried out jointly by the Hamburg Institute of International Economics and the University of Hamburg and funded by the VolkswagenStiftung.     

Economics and ethics

Business theory and management practices are outgrowths of basic economic principles. To evaluate the proper place of ethics in business, the meaning of ethics as defined by economic theory must be assessed. This paper contends that classical economic thought advocates a nonethical decision-making context and is not functional for a modern complex, interdependent environment. Bernard J. Reilly, Professor of Management and Health Policy, came to Widener in September of 1980. Since coming to Widener he has published and presented over 90 professional papers in the fields of management and health administration, in such journals as Academy of Management Review, Inquiry, Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law, Human Relations, Hospital and Health Services Administration, Social Science and Medicine, Personnel, etc., and at several national conferences on organizational behavior and health policy. He is presently working on two books, the first on modern management principles, and the second on corporate business ethics. Recently, Dr. Reilly was awarded the Christian R. and Mary K. Lindback Foundation Award for distinguished teaching. Forthcoming articles will appear in Business and Professional Ethics Journal and Technology Management. Myroslaw J. Kyj, Associate Professor of Marketing at Widener University, has been involved in the research areas of the use of customer service in competition, pre-conditions for marketing channels and the inter-play between marketing, ethics, and social responsibility. Dr. Kyj has recently published several articles in such journals as Industrial Marketing Management, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Marketing, Journal of Services Marketing, Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, and a forthcoming article in Business Horizons.