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1.
This paper analyzes how European football clubs' current value and debt levels influence their performance. The Simar and Wilson (J Econometrics, 136: 31–64, 2007) procedure is used to bootstrap the data envelopment analysis scores in order to establish the effect of football clubs' current value and debt levels on their obtained efficiency scores. The results reveal that football clubs' current value levels have a negative influence on their performances, indicating that football clubs' high value does not ensure higher performance. At the same time, the empirical evidence suggests that football clubs' debt levels do not influence their efficiency levels. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
Foreign presence and efficiency in transition economies 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Victoria Kravtsova 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2008,29(2):91-102
This paper presents empirical evidence on the role of foreign presence in the performance of domestic manufacturing firms
in five Central and Eastern European countries. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to estimate a frontier for each sector
with similar technology common for five transition countries in the sample − Bulgaria, Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Romania.
Following Simar and Wilson (J Econom 136(1):31–64, 2007), this study applies a truncated regression and bootstrap technique in a second stage post-DEA analysis. Some evidence is
found to support the hypothesis that foreign presence has an overall positive spillover effects on the performance of domestic
firms. 相似文献
3.
Bernardino Benito José Solana María-Rocío Moreno 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2014,42(3):225-239
This paper considers the provision of some important municipal services and applies the non-parametric double bootstrap Simar and Wilson (J Econ 136(1):31–64, 2007) model based on a truncated-regression to estimate the effect of a group of relevant factors, which include the political sign of the governing party and the type of management, on robust DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) estimates. Previous conditions, like separability, must hold for meaningful first- stage efficiency estimates and second-stage regression. After some confusion in the literature, Simar and Wilson (J Prod Anal 36(2):205–218, 2011b) clarify that their work of 2007 actually defines a statistical model where truncated (but not censored, i.e., Tobit, not Ordinary Least Square) regression yields a consistent estimation of model features. They demonstrate that conventional, likelihood-based approaches to inference are invalid, and they develop a bootstrap approach that yields valid inference in second stage regressions when these are appropriate. The results reveal a significant relation between efficiency and all the variables analysed and that municipalities governed by progressive parties are more efficient. 相似文献
4.
This study measures the efficiency of government secondary schools in New South Wales, Australia, using a two-stage semi-parametric production frontier approach to schooling. In contrast to previous research comparing school performance with two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA), we control for prior academic achievement of students by using a rich data set from 2008 to 2010. We employ detailed financial data for deriving the envelope for the efficient production frontier of the schools. Using Simar and Wilson’s (J Econ 136:31-64, 2007, J Prod Anal 36:205-218, 2011a) double bootstrap procedure for two-stage DEA, the study finds that schools with lower total student numbers, a higher average of years of service of teachers, a higher ratio of special education students that attracts extra government funding, and girls only do better than other schools. On the other hand, a negative influence comes from a school’s location in provincial and outer metropolitan areas. An important result is that the socio-economic background of students attending a school has no significant effect on their academic performance, whereas higher prior academic achievements have a positive and statistically significant impact on student achievement. These results are relevant to decision makers for the school sector, in particular for funding criteria contained in the Gonski (Review of funding for schooling - Final report (December). Canberra: Commonwealth Government of Australia, 2011) review report. 相似文献
5.
This paper examines the wide-spread practice where data envelopment analysis (DEA) efficiency estimates are regressed on some
environmental variables in a second-stage analysis. In the literature, only two statistical models have been proposed in which
second-stage regressions are well-defined and meaningful. In the model considered by Simar and Wilson (J Prod Anal 13:49–78,
2007), truncated regression provides consistent estimation in the second stage, where as in the model proposed by Banker and Natarajan
(Oper Res 56: 48–58, 2008a), ordinary least squares (OLS) provides consistent estimation. This paper examines, compares, and contrasts the very different
assumptions underlying these two models, and makes clear that second-stage OLS estimation is consistent only under very peculiar
and unusual assumptions on the data-generating process that limit its applicability. In addition, we show that in either case,
bootstrap methods provide the only feasible means for inference in the second stage. We also comment on ad hoc specifications
of second-stage regression equations that ignore the part of the data-generating process that yields data used to obtain the
initial DEA estimates. 相似文献
6.
The aim of this paper is to provide a technical efficiency assessment of Taiwan’s incineration plants as the basis of incentive regulation schemes. We integrate the four-stage approach with Simar and Wilson’s (in J Econom 136:31–64, 2007) double bootstrapping to filter out the impacts of external variables in the efficiency measurement. Empirical results show that there is room for 15 % cost reductions and capacity, ownership, location and experience are all influential in improving the performance of these plants. We also demonstrate how the results can be applied to modify a yardstick incentive scheme. 相似文献
7.
Stochastic FDH/DEA estimators for frontier analysis 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
In this paper we extend the work of Simar (J Product Ananl 28:183–201, 2007) introducing noise in nonparametric frontier models. We develop an approach that synthesizes the best features of the two
main methods in the estimation of production efficiency. Specifically, our approach first allows for statistical noise, similar
to Stochastic frontier analysis (even in a more flexible way), and second, it allows modelling multiple-inputs-multiple-outputs
technologies without imposing parametric assumptions on production relationship, similar to what is done in non-parametric
methods, like Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Free Disposal Hull (FDH), etc.... The methodology is based on the theory of
local maximum likelihood estimation and extends recent works of Kumbhakar et al. (J Econom 137(1):1–27, 2007) and Park et al. (J Econom 146:185–198, 2008). Our method is suitable for modelling and estimation of the marginal effects onto inefficiency level jointly with estimation
of marginal effects of input. The approach is robust to heteroskedastic cases and to various (unknown) distributions of statistical
noise and inefficiency, despite assuming simple anchorage models. The method also improves DEA/FDH estimators, by allowing
them to be quite robust to statistical noise and especially to outliers, which were the main problems of the original DEA/FDH
estimators. The procedure shows great performance for various simulated cases and is also illustrated for some real data sets.
Even in the single-output case, our simulated examples show that our stochastic DEA/FDH improves the Kumbhakar et al. (J Econom
137(1):1–27, 2007) method, by making the resulting frontier smoother, monotonic and, if we wish, concave. 相似文献
8.
Since Solow (Q J Econ 70:65–94, 1956) the economic literature has widely accepted innovation and technological progress as the central drivers of long-term economic
growth. From the microeconomic perspective, this has led to the idea that the growth effects on the macroeconomic level should
be reflected in greater competitiveness of the firms. Although innovation effort does not always translate into greater competitiveness,
it is recognized that innovation is, in an appropriate sense, unique and differs from other inputs like labor or capital.
Nonetheless, often this uniqueness is left unspecified. We analyze two arguments rendering innovation special, the first related
to partly non-discretionary innovation input levels and the second to the induced increase in the firm’s competitiveness on
the global market. Methodologically the analysis is based on restriction tests in non-parametric frontier models, where we
use and extend tests proposed by Simar and Wilson (Commun Stat Simul Comput 30(1):159–184, 2001; J Prod Anal, forthcoming, 2010). The empirical data is taken from the German Community Innovation Survey 2007 (CIS 2007), where we focus on mechanical engineering
firms. Our results are consistent with the explanation of the firms’ inability to freely choose the level of innovation inputs.
However, we do not find significant evidence that increased innovation activities correspond to an increase in the ability
to serve the global market. 相似文献
9.
Conditional nonparametric frontier models for convex and nonconvex technologies: a unifying approach 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
The explanation of productivity differentials is very important to identify the economic conditions that create inefficiency
and to improve managerial performance. In the literature two main approaches have been developed: one-stage approaches and
two-stage approaches. Daraio and Simar (2005, J Prod Anal 24(1):93–121) propose a fully nonparametric methodology based on
conditional FDH and conditional order-m frontiers without any convexity assumption on the technology. However, convexity has always been assumed in mainstream production
theory and general equilibrium. In addition, in many empirical applications, the convexity assumption can be reasonable and
sometimes natural. Lead by these considerations, in this paper we propose a unifying approach to introduce external-environmental
variables in nonparametric frontier models for convex and nonconvex technologies. Extending earlier contributions by Daraio
and Simar (2005, J Prod Anal 24(1):93–121) as well as Cazals et al. (2002, J Econometrics 106:1–25), we introduce a conditional
DEA estimator, i.e., an estimator of production frontier of DEA type conditioned to some external-environmental variables
which are neither inputs nor outputs under the control of the producer. A robust version of this conditional estimator is
proposed too. These various measures of efficiency provide also indicators of convexity which we illustrate using simulated
and real data.
Cinzia Daraio received Research support from the Italian Ministry of Education Research on Innovation Systems Project (iRis)
“The reorganization of the public system of research for the technological transfer: governance, tools and interventions”
and from the Italian Ministry of Educational Research Project (MIUR 40% 2004) “System spillovers on the competitiveness of
Italian economy: quantitative analysis for sectoral policies” which are acknowledged.
Léopold Simar received Research support from the “Interuniversity Attraction Pole”, Phase V (No. P5/24) from the Belgian Government
(Belgian Science Policy) is acknowledged. 相似文献
10.
Manuel Espitia‐Escuer Lucía Isabel García‐Cebrián 《Managerial and Decision Economics》2010,31(6):373-386
In the case of football it could be argued that the purpose of clubs is to win the competitions in which they participate. However, the assessment of football clubs from the efficiency would be relevant in judging whether the results have been obtained without waste. The chosen sample is football teams who played in the Champions League from 2003 to 2007 and the method of calculating the efficiency will be both the traditional version of the DEA as well as the version proposed by Andersen and Petersen (1993), which allows discrimination among efficient units. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
11.
Léopold Simar 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2007,28(3):183-201
In frontier analysis, most nonparametric approaches (DEA, FDH) are based on envelopment ideas which assume that with probability
one, all observed units belong to the attainable set. In these “deterministic” frontier models, statistical inference is now
possible, by using bootstrap procedures. In the presence of noise, envelopment estimators could behave dramatically since
they are very sensitive to extreme observations that might result only from noise. DEA/FDH techniques would provide estimators
with an error of the order of the standard deviation of the noise. This paper adapts some recent results on detecting change
points [Hall P, Simar L (2002) J Am Stat Assoc 97:523–534] to improve the performances of the classical DEA/FDH estimators in the presence of noise. We
show by simulated examples that the procedure works well, and better than the standard DEA/FDH estimators, when the noise
is of moderate size in term of signal to noise ratio. It turns out that the procedure is also robust to outliers. The paper
can be seen as a first attempt to formalize stochastic DEA/FDH estimators.
相似文献
12.
We show that the recently developed non-parametric procedure for fitting the term structure of interest rates developed by
Linton, Mammen, Nielsen, and Tanggaard (J Econ 105(1):185–223, 2001) overall performs notably better than the highly flexible
McCulloch (J Finon 30:811–830, 1975) cubic spline and Fama and Bliss (Am Econ Rev 77:680–692, 1987) bootstrap methods. However,
if interest is limited to the Treasury-bill region alone then the Fama–Bliss method demonstrates superior performance. We
further show, via simulation, that using the estimated short rate from the Linton–Mammen–Nielsen–Tanggaard procedure as a
proxy for the short rate has higher precision then the commonly used proxies of the one and three month Treasury-bill rates.
It is demonstrated that this precision is important when using proxies to estimate the stochastic process governing the evolution
of the short rate 相似文献
13.
We here critique the articles by Dmitruk & Koshevoy (1991, J Econ Theory 55:121–144) and by Bol (1986, J Econ Theory 38:380–385)
by showing how to solve the examples they erected to show the non-existence of functions for evaluating performance efficiencies
in DEA. We also show that functions satisfying these criteria—and other important criteria as well—were already available
prior to the publications of D&K and by Bol and have since been greatly extended to increase the power and scope of DEA.
相似文献
J. ZhuEmail: |
14.
Corporate Governance and Firm’s Efficiency: The Case of a Transitional Country, Ukraine 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
In this study, we look for empirical support for the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between the levels of corporate governance quality across firms and the relative efficiency levels of these
firms. This hypothesis is related to Leibenstein’s idea of X-efficiency. We use the data envelopment analysis (DEA) estimator
to obtain proxies for X-[in]efficiency of firms in our sample and then analyze them with respect to different ownership structures
by comparing distributions and aggregate efficiencies across different groups. We also use truncated regression with bootstrap,
following Simar and Wilson Estimation and influence in two stage, semi-parametric models of production process, Simar and
Zelenyuk (2003) to infer on relationship of inefficiency to various indicators of quality of corporate governance, ownership
variables, as well as industry and year specific dummies. The data is coming from seven industries in Ukraine.
“The entrepreneurship structure itself may be critical, with the classic issue of the separation of ownership from control
being regarded as one of the earliest and most important sources of X-efficiency” (Button and Weyman-Jones, 1992, American Economic Review).
We would like to dedicate this paper to the memory of Christos Panzios—co-editor who handled our paper to almost the very
end, whose suggestions and encouragement have helped us substantially improve our paper. 相似文献
15.
Ruey-Ching Hwang Jhao-Siang Siao Huimin Chung C. K. Chu 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2011,36(3):263-273
We use a stochastic frontier model with firm-specific technical inefficiency effects in a panel framework (Battese and Coelli
in Empir Econ 20:325–332, 1995) to assess two popular probability of bankruptcy (PB) measures based on Merton model (Merton in J Financ 29:449–470, 1974) and discrete-time hazard model (DHM; Shumway in J Bus 74:101–124, 2001). Three important results based on our empirical studies are obtained. First, a firm with a higher PB generally has less
technical efficiency. Second, for an ex-post bankrupt firm, its PB tends to increase and its technical efficiency of production
tends to decrease, as the time to its bankruptcy draws near. Finally, the information content about firm’s technical inefficiency
provided by PB based on DHM is significantly more than that based on Merton model. By the last result and the fact that economic-based
efficiency measures are reasonable indicators of the long-term health and prospects of firms (Baek and Pagán in Q J Bus Econ
41:27–41, 2002), we conclude that PB based on DHM is a better credit risk proxy of firms. 相似文献
16.
A two-stage double-bootstrap data envelopment analysis of efficiency differences of New Zealand secondary schools 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
W. Robert J. Alexander Alfred A. Haug Mohammad Jaforullah 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2010,34(2):99-110
We conduct a two-stage (DEA and regression) analysis of the efficiency of New Zealand secondary schools. Unlike previous applications
of two-stage semi-parametric modelling of the school “production process”, we use Simar and Wilson’s double bootstrap procedure,
which permits valid inference in the presence of unknown serial correlation in the efficiency scores. We are therefore able
to draw robust conclusions about a system that has undergone extensive reforms with respect to ideas high on the educational
agenda such as decentralised school management and parental choice. Most importantly, we find that school type affects school
efficiency and so too does teacher quality. 相似文献
17.
Non-parametric, unconditional quantile estimation for efficiency analysis with an application to Federal Reserve check processing operations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper examines the technical efficiency of US Federal Reserve check processing offices over 1980–2003. We extend results from Park et al. [Park, B., Simar, L., Weiner, C., 2000. FDH efficiency scores from a stochastic point of view. Econometric Theory 16, 855–877] and Daouia and Simar [Daouia, A., Simar, L., 2007. Nonparametric efficiency analysis: a multivariate conditional quantile approach. Journal of Econometrics 140, 375–400] to develop an unconditional, hyperbolic, α-quantile estimator of efficiency. Our new estimator is fully non-parametric and robust with respect to outliers; when used to estimate distance to quantiles lying close to the full frontier, it is strongly consistent and converges at rate root-n, thus avoiding the curse of dimensionality that plagues data envelopment analysis (DEA) estimators. Our methods could be used by policymakers to compare inefficiency levels across offices or by managers of individual offices to identify peer offices. 相似文献
18.
This paper applies the probabilistic approach developed by Daraio and Simar (J Prod Anal 24:93–121, 2005, Advanced robust and nonparametric methods in efficiency analysis. Springer Science, New York, 2007a, J Prod Anal 28:13–32, 2007b) in order to develop conditional and unconditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models for the measurement of countries’ environmental efficiency levels for a sample of 110 countries in 2007. In order to capture the effect of countries compliance with the Kyoto protocol agreement (KPA) policies, we condition first the years since a country has signed the KPA until 2007 and secondly the obliged percentage level of countries’ emission reductions. Particularly, various DEA models have been applied alongside with bootstrap techniques in order to determine the effect of KPA on countries’ environmental efficiencies. The study illustrates how the recent developments in efficiency analysis and statistical inference can be applied when evaluating environmental performance issues. The results indicate a nonlinear relationship between countries’ obliged percentage levels of emission reductions and their environmental efficiency levels. Finally, a similar nonlinear relationship is also recorded between the duration which a country has signed the KPA and its environmental efficiency levels. 相似文献
19.
Measuring residential energy efficiency improvements with DEA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Peter Grösche 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2009,31(2):87-94
This paper measures energy efficiency improvements of US single-family homes between 1997 and 2001 using a two-stage procedure. In the first stage, an indicator of energy efficiency is derived by means of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and the analogy between the DEA estimator and traditional measures of energy efficiency is demonstrated. The second stage employs a bootstrapped truncated regression technique to decompose the variation in the obtained efficiency estimates into a climatic component and factors attributed to efficiency improvements. Results indicate a small but significant improvement of energy efficiency over the studied time interval, mainly accounted for by fuel oil and natural gas users. 相似文献
20.
Peter F. Wanke 《Socio》2012,46(3):216-229
This paper reports on the use of different approaches for assessing efficiency related-issues in 63 major Brazilian airports. Starting out with the bootstrapping technique presented in Simar and Wilson (1998, 2004), several DEA estimates were generated, allowing the use of confidence intervals and bias correction in central estimates to test for significant differences in efficiency levels, returns-to-scale, and input-decreasing/output-increasing potentials. The findings corroborate anecdotal and empirical evidence regarding a capacity shortfall within Brazilian airports, where infrastructure slack is virtually inexistent, regardless of the airport type and location. 相似文献