Performance evaluation of National Football League teams

Most recent empirical analyses of production in the sports economic literature have focused on Major League Baseball. This paper extends that literature by analysing football production in the National Football League (NFL). Using the Poisson regression model, we measure the performance of NFL teams and head coaches. The measure is based on a production process where player skills are converted into games won. The evidence reveals that quality coaching is an important component in the production process. It appears that efficient coaching can account for an additional three to four victories in a given season. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

From college to the pros: predicting the NBA amateur player draft

The reverse-order amateur draft is an institution common to each of the major North American professional team sports. The draft is designed to give the weaker teams access to the future stars of the sport. The focus of our inquiry is how information on amateur player performance is employed by decision-makers in one sport, the National Basketball Association. Our analysis will suggest that future NBA players who score in college will see their draft position improved. This focus, though, appears to impair the ability of poor teams to improve.     

Team performance and managerial change in the English Football League

This paper investigates the relationship between team performance and managerial change in English football using a data set containing information on all match results and managerial job changes in the English Football League between 1972 and 1993. We find that poor recent form drives many managerial terminations, while managerial turnover is more rapid in the lower divisions.
Significantly, managerial change appears to have a harmful effect on team performance immediately following a managerial termination.     

陕西省高校足球联赛现状与思考

在当今足球运动风靡全世界的情况下,陕西省高校足球面临发展的良好机遇。群众基础较为广泛,但整体水平不高,竞赛制度不完善是当今陕西省高校足球的发展现状。借鉴CUBA,对陕西省大学生足球联赛进一步发展提出积极建议,使陕西省高校足球运动更好地发展。     

The Entry Draft in the National Hockey League

A BSTRACT . The study shows that French Canadians continue to suffer from entry discrimination in the National Hockey League. At the time of the draft, the future offensive performance of French Canadian (and European) players is underestimated. The addition of various measures of robustness and defensive play makes no difference. This study also takes into account the location of the teams that drafted the players. It seems that American teams discriminate against French Canadian players, while English Canada teams discriminate against Europeans. The teams from the Province of Quebec did not appear to discriminate in favour of French Canadians.     

College Football Attendance: A Panel Study of the Football Championship Subdivision

Panel data across 8 years for the Football Championship Subdivision are used to estimate regular season game‐day percent of capacity regression equations. Higher ticket prices reduce attendance (elasticity of ?1.9). Better team performance, in the short and intermediate terms, and traditional rivalries increase percent of capacity used. Poor weather and higher travel costs decrease it. Fan interest wanes as a season progresses, but this is offset as a team wins more games. Games played on Saturdays, played against conference opponents, or played by teams from the Football Bowl Subdivision increase stadium utilization. Results provide some evidence for the uncertainty of outcome hypothesis. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

创新赛区管理模式探析——中超足球联赛西安赛区由“乱”到“治”的启示

本文选取西安市中超足球联赛西安赛区为研究对象,对西安赛区从"球场骚乱"到"最佳赛区"的转变过程进行总结和分析,为今后中超足球其它赛区管理提供参考。     

对校园足球活动与亚洲足球展望活动的比较研究——以武汉市为例

随着亚洲足球展望活动和校园足球活动在我国的相继实施,我国的青少年足球运动有了很大的进步,但同时也存在着很大的困难,本文将采用文献资料、专家访谈等方法,通过对亚洲足球展望活动与校园足球活动的比较研究,比较出它们的异同,从中提取它们共性与个性,充分发挥它们的共性,突出它们的个性,为加快中国青少年足球运动的发展,提高中国足球运动的水平提供一个理论上的建议。     

Effect of FDI and Time on Catching Up: New Insights from a Conditional Nonparametric Frontier Analysis

We use an appropriate nonparametric two‐step approach on conditional efficiencies to investigate how foreign direct investment (FDI) and time affect the process of catching up. By using a dataset of 44 countries over 1970–2007, we explore the channels under which FDI fosters productivity by disentangling the impact of this factor on the production process and its components: impact on the attainable production set (input–output space) and the impact on the distribution of efficiencies. We extend existing methodological tools—conditional nonparametric efficiency measures—to examine these interrelationships. We emphasize the usefulness of smoothing over time to better analyze the potential dynamic influence of FDI on efficiency. We find that both FDI and time play an important role as influencing efficiency distribution and affecting, to a smaller extend, the production set. This effect of FDI does not seem to vary much over time. By the second‐stage nonparametric regression of the conditional efficiencies over FDI and time we identify clearly the effect of time and FDI on conditional efficiency and we determine idiosyncratic efficiency, which represents the‘Solow residual’, measured by looking to the unexplained part of the conditional efficiencies. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Catching up to girls: Understanding the gender imbalance in educational attainment within race

We estimate a sequential model of schooling to assess the major contributing factors to the large gender imbalance in educational attainment within racial groups. First, we find that differences between males and females in measures of early behavior account for the majority of the gender gap for each racial group. Second, we show that black males have the largest response to improvements in family background characteristics, such that equalizing the distribution of family background characteristics for black and white youths reduces the gender gap in college enrollment among black youth by 50%.     

中超联赛发展动力研究之根本动力——需求

采用文献资料、问卷调查和数理统计等方法,对其发展动力因素进行探索性的研究。结果表明：在中超联赛发展中,观众的欣赏需求、国家与社会上相关产业的需求,构成中超联赛发展的根本动力。满足各方面的需求,客观上推动中超联赛的发展。     

中超联赛发展动力研究之直接动力——改革

采用文献资料、问卷调查和数理统计等方法,对其发展动力因素进行探索性的研究。结果表明:在中超联赛发展中,改革是中超联赛发展的直接动力。管理体制是中超联赛发展的体制性障碍。应加快管理体制改革步伐,推动中超联赛健康发展。     

Urban amenities as determinants of selecting a logo type in Korea: the multinomial logit approach with the bootstrap sample

Each city in South Korea has its own city logo to advertise and showcase the distinctive regional assets, attractions, and activities of the city. A well-made city logo enables targeted groups to form a good image of both the city and its productions. This idealistic image is positively correlated to the local economy through encouragement of tourism activity. The logos of Korean cities can be classified into three types: a nature-anchored logo type; a history-anchored logo type; and a spirit-anchored logo type. The purpose of this study is to examine determinants for selecting a city logo type in the context of urban amenity assets. To achieve the purpose of the study, a multinomial logit regression model is used. The three logo types are nominal dependent variables, while literature-driven urban amenities, such as natural, historic, socio-economic and tourism factors, are explanatory variables.     

City versus Metropolis: The Northern League in the Milan Metropolitan Area

Entire metropolitan areas are often seen as fundamental components of the emerging global space–economy. The national and global roles of central cities, however, may lead them in fundamentally different economic and political directions from their hinterlands if the functions of the cities are decreasingly complementary to those of their surrounding areas. In particular, the political complexions of city and hinterland may come to reflect different cultural and economic orientations as a result of divergence in political–economic trajectories between the two. This possibility is explored using the example of the northern Italian city of Milan and its hinterland, taken as the provinces of Bergamo, Como, Lecco and Varese, and the rest of the province of Milan outside of the city with respect to geographical patterns of support for the regionalist/separatist movement, the Northern League, over the course of three national elections: 1992, 1994 and 1996. Putatively a movement representing the interests of northern Italy as a whole, the Northern League’s stands on issues tended increasingly to represent the identities and interests of the small manufacturing firms that dominate part of the fringe of the metropolitan area, whereas Milan itself has an economic base of advanced services and national–oriented manufacturing firms that would lead to the expectation of a very different political orientation. Analysis of election returns suggests a divergence between city and hinterland that is in large part accounted for by their distinctive economic trajectories. There is no simple identity between a city and its metropolis. On considère souvent des zones métropolitaines entières comme des composantes fondamentales de l’espace économique mondial naissant. Les rôles nationaux et planétaires des grandes villes centrales peuvent toutefois les pousser dans des directions économiques et politiques totalement différentes de leur arrière–pays si leur fonction perd de sa complémentarité par rapport à leur zone environnante. Les aspects politiques de la ville et de l’arrière–pays peuvent notamment finir par traduire des orientations économiques et culturelles distinctes è la suite d’une divergence dans leurs trajectoires politico–économiques respectives. Cette possibilité est étudiée au travers de l’exemple de Milan, ville du nord de l’Italie, et de son arrière–pays (couvrant les provinces de Bergame, Côme, Lecco, Varèse et le reste de la province de Milan extérieur à la ville) en s’attachant à la carte géographique des partisans du mouvement régionaliste et séparatiste de la Ligue du Nord au cours de trois élections nationales (1992, 1994 et 1996). Ce mouvement, supposé traduire les intérÁts de toute l’Italie du Nord, a penché de plus en plus souvent pour des positions représentant les identités et intérÁts des petites industries qui dominent partiellement la périphérie de la zone métropolitaine, alors que la base économique de Milan se compose de services de pointe et d’entreprises industrielles d’envergure nationale laissant supposer une orientation politique toute différente. Une analyse des résultats des élections révèle une divergence entre ville et arrière–pays, en grande partie justifiée par leurs axes économiques distincts. Il n’existe pas d’identité simple entre une ville et sa métropole.     

基于“两新”组织团建有效性指数的研究

本文在对两新团组织的建设情况进行调研的基础上,结合我国两新团组织的实际情况,验证了其团建成熟度模型的有效性,提出了改进和加强的对策及建议。     

Asymptotic considerations for selecting the best component of a multivariate normal population

Summary Several two-stage and sequential procedures have been developed for selecting the best component in a multivariate normal population through the classical indifference zone approach ofBechhofer. The works inMukhopadhyay/Chou will constitute to be very basic in this regard. A number of first-order and second-order asymptotic analysis of these procedures has also been reported. In the case of a bivariate population, the normality assumption has been dropped, and the rate of convergence of the probability of correct selection is studied.     

国家审计治理指数研究

国家审计在国家治理中发挥批判性和建设性两种作用,根据这两种作用,国家审计治理指数从产出的视角来说,批判性作用表现为“审计发现问题金额率”和“移送处理人数率”,建设性作用表现为“审计整改金额率”和“审计结果利用率”。采用功效系数法综合上述四个指标构建国家审计批判性指数、国家审计建设性指数和国家审计治理综合指数,并根据2007--2008年的数据,以构建的国家审计治理指数模型来计算各省市的国家审计治理指数,结果表明不同省市之间的差距较大,全国的整体水平离行业满意水平也存在较大的差距。     

Subcultural tensions in managing organisational culture: a study of an English Premier League football organisation

In this article, we explore subcultural interaction in the context of attempts by executives to control culture in the unusual organisational setting of football. We present evidence of five tension points in subcultural relations (togetherness or isolation, internal labour market, multiple identification and allegiances, individual and organisational requirements, and competition and cooperation). We examine how these tensions were induced and or exacerbated by the culture management efforts, as well as the ways in which the dynamics of change impacted on the objectives of executives. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for theory and practice.