FDI对江浙两省工业内资企业影响的实证研究

江浙两省是吸引外商投资最具活力的地区,但是两省的外资对于各自工业经济的发展作用如何呢?本文将以工业企业为对象,利用C-D生产函数拓展模型,实证分析FDI对江浙两省内资企业的影响,得出FDI对江浙两省工业内资企业的发展起着促进作用,并且FDI对江苏省内资企业的技术溢出效应要高于浙江.本文从江浙两省的经济发展模式、技术差距、人员流动三方面比较剖析其原因,以期能为两省更好地利用外商直接投资提供有益的思路.     

降低黑龙江民营科技企业提升竞争力的制度成本

黑龙江民营科技企业提升竞争力的制度成本主要体现在行政环境成本和体制环境成本两个方面。行政效率不高的制度因素造成民营科技企业交易成本过高,使得要素投入得不到应有的回报。体制环境成本主要看市场化程度的高低。为了降低黑龙江民营科技企业提升竞争力的制度成本,应该在转变政府职能;用法律约束政府行为;为民营科技企业发展营造公平竞争的氛围;把握好政府管理与市场配置的关系;克服计划经济体制缺陷,降低体制成本五个方面下功夫。     

湖北民营经济发展：比较借鉴与启示

江浙两省是我国民营经济最发达的地区之一,改革开放以来,江浙两省经济在民营经济的拉动下得以快速健康地发展,成为全国其他省份学习的模范。通过对鄂浙苏三省民营经济现状进行比较,找出湖北省与江浙两省民营经济发展中的差距,进而得出对发展湖北民营经济有益的启示。     

黑龙江与广东民营科技企业发展的比较与启示

经过20多年的发展,黑龙江民营科技企业在老工业基地的产业结构调整和优化升级中占据着越来越重要的位置,成为经济发展新的增长点和高新技术产业的主力军。但与广东民营科技企业相比,存在着起步晚、规模小;科技进步总体水平不高;效益差、实力弱;呈点状分布的特点。因此,必须进一步提高认识,增强发展民营科技企业的紧迫感;必须进一步坚持“有所为、有所不为”的原则;必须进一步深化科技体制改革;必须进一步加大民营科技企业发展需要的资金支持力度。     

贵州省民营科技企业发展研究

贵州民营科技企业已经成为贵州省国民经济发展新的增长方面。但贵州省民营科技企业在发展的过程中还存在一些需要解决的问题。贵州省民营科技企业发展所面临的大部分制约和问题,与国内民营科技企业所面临的瓶颈有共同之处,但又有其自身的特殊性。因此,结合贵州省民营科技企业发展的具体情况,联系实际,找出影响贵州省民营科技企业发展的因素,并探讨出解决办法是十分必要的。     

中小民营科技企业融资策略研究

目前,缺乏资金已经成为制约中小民营科技企业发展的瓶颈。很多中小民营科技企业由于自身资金积累相对不足,不但不能及时扩大经营规模,而且还不利于提升企业竞争力。融资对中小民营科技企业的生存与发展起着举足轻重的作用。本文对中小民营科技企业的融资策略进行了研究。     

江苏浙江开放型经济比较研究

江苏与浙江两省不仅在中国经济中占极其重要的地位，且两省开放型经济的发展上也处于领先。江浙开放型经济面临产品及贸易国差异小而外商投资分布不合理等障碍，江浙二省应加强区域合作、实施产业结构升级、加大服务贸易、鼓励企业境外发展及联手风险防范。     

中小民营科技企业融资策略研究

目前,缺乏资金已经成为制约中小民营科技企业发展的瓶颈.很多中小民营科技企业由于自身资金积累相对不足,不但不能及时扩大经营规模,而且还不利于提升企业竞争力.融资对中小民营科技企业的生存与发展起着举足轻重的作用.本文对中小民营科技企业的融资策略进行了研究.     

国外促进民营科技企业税收政策的借鉴

近年来,世界各国为了促进企业技术进步,在税收方面都采取了相应的鼓励措施,我国民营科技企业是促进国民经济和社会发展的一支重要力量,我国应借鉴国外促进民营科技企业发展的税收经验,制定出适合我国民营科技企业发展的税收政策,以促进民营科技企业的快速发展。     

民营科技企业发展模式与管理风格研究

在对民营科技企业进行深入分析的基础上,总结民营科技企业发展的八种模式和三种管理风格,针对不同的发展模式、管理风格和新的社会市场环境,从政府行为、社会环境、企业主体三个方面对民营科技企业的进一步发展提出了对策和建议。     

R&D投入、科技成果产出和高新技术产业增长关系实证研究——以江苏为例

本文通过实证数据检验江苏省R&D投人与科技成果产出的关系。研究表明,研究与发展经费内部支出对于江苏专利和科技论文具有显著的正效应,科技活动人员对江苏科技论文没有显著的正效应:专利对于江苏高新技术产业产值没有显著的正效应,而科技论文对江苏高新技术产业产值具有较显著的正效应,还需要指出的是,专利产出、科技论文产出对高新技术产业的经济绩效贡献率存在地域差异,专利对于苏中、苏北高新技术产业产值具有较显著的正效应,对苏南高新技术产业产值没有显著正效应,科技论文对于苏南和苏中高新技术产业产值具有较显著的正效应,而对苏北高新技术产业产值没有显著正效应。     

海外收购专利IP 风险（因素）识别方法研究

风险识别是风险管理的基础。研究海外收购专利IP风险(因素)识别方法,为良好的IP风险管理所必须,对成功的专利收购具有重要意义。本文基于管理实践总结海外收购专利IP风险(因素)识别原理,提出一套"商业目标、系统方法、识别工具和循证实践"的系统识别方法,以防止对目标企业专利IP风险(因素)识别出现重大遗漏,确保海外投资的安全。     

Patents and Early‐Stage Financing: Matching versus Signaling

This paper investigates the role of patents on early‐stage financing. We consider two questions: are patents signals of quality and why do patents relate to venture capital (VC) financing but not angel financing? Analyzing data from 468 Canadian early‐stage ventures, we show that patents are not signals of quality. Instead, the data support a match‐on‐financing need hypothesis: ventures match with VCs, who have financial capacity to support their patent protection strategies.     

The American Inventors Protection Act: A Natural Experiment on Innovation Disclosure and the Cost of Debt

We examine the impact of innovation disclosure through patenting on firms' cost of debt, focusing on the American Inventors Protection Act (AIPA) as an exogenous shock in innovation disclosure regulation. Post‐AIPA, firms have an incentive to apply for patents only if commercial success is likely. Accordingly, we expect post‐AIPA patents to be a better proxy for successful innovation activity, and thus to have a stronger effect on reducing the cost of debt than pre‐AIPA patents. Indeed, we find that pre‐AIPA patents reduce the cost of debt only for the most innovative firms, while post‐AIPA, this effect holds for all firms.     

What patents are used as collateral?—An empirical analysis of patent reassignment data

Only anecdotal evidence exists that ventures use patents as collateral to access debt financing. In this paper, we use a novel dataset on patent reassignments with a security interest to explore quantitatively what patents are used as collateral. We analyze characteristics of patents to disentangle whether it is the technology underlying a patent or the patent's exclusion right per se matters for collateralization. We do find empirical support only for technology-related characteristics, suggesting that lenders use patents to collateralize high-quality technology that can, in case of default, be redeployed to ventures in similar technology fields. On the other hand, patent-related characteristics like scope, which are, in general, related to patent value and are particularly important for non-practicing entities, do not matter.     

Facilitating and restricting a challenger: Patents and standards in the development of the Bull-Knutsen punched card system, 1919–1938

This paper discusses the various ways that patents and standards framed a challenger's opportunities. It recounts the history of the Bull punched card system, both in Norway in the 1920s and France in the 1930s, as it developed and became a challenger to IBM's monopoly. Bull faced the first mover's patents and standards differently. Standards paved the way for the challenger's actions, while patents hampered certain facilities for their duration.     

Idiosyncrasies of the Software Development Process and Their Relation to Software Patents: Theoretical Considerations and Empirical Evidence

In Europe, the future patenting of software-related inventions has been the subject of intensive discussions for some time, since there exists a strong dispute between the supporters of the U.S. practice of allowing patents in order to increase Europe's competitiveness and the opponents postulating negative impacts of patents on the software development process. This paper presents empirical results about the idiosyncrasies of the software development process and tests hypotheses on their impact on the likelihood of patents being obstacles for software dvelopment. The paper concludes with the identification of determinants for preferences concerning different possible patent regimes in the future.     

我国对外直接投资的逆向技术溢出效应——基于省际面板数据的实证分析

本文利用2002-2007年省际面板数据研究了我国对外直接投资的短期与长期逆向技术溢出效应。结果表明:短期内我国对外直接投资对总专利、发明和实用新型专利申请有显著的逆向溢出,而长期内只对技术含量较低的外观设计专利申请有显著的逆向溢出。此外,我国对外直接投资的短期、长期逆向技术溢出还存在着地区差异。     

Claim and control: The functions of patents in the example of Berkel, 1898–1948

This article tries to provide a balanced view of firm patenting. Two different literatures provide two different functions of patents: patents enable a firm to claim a technology and they enable a firm to control that technology and to control markets. This article argues that claim and control are complementary functions, and that both need to be taken into account, but also that control gains in importance over time. It does so with a case study of the Dutch firm Berkel (Van Berkel's Patent) in the first half century of its existence. Berkel was a large and leading company in the development of meat slicing machines and compiled an extensive portfolio of patents.     

How Valuable are the Patents Behind Section 337 Cases?

A US patent protects the owner of the intellectual property from imitators producing in the US and foreign imitators selling in the US market. There are two venues for filing infringement cases against international infringement of US patents, with the International Trade Commission (ITC) using Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 or with federal district courts. Three indicators of patent value suggest that patents litigated under Section 337 are on average more valuable; however, their values tend to be more variable. The latter suggests that some firms may be using Section 337 not for protection against international infringement of US patents but for protection against imports.