Tourism stakeholders attitudes toward sustainable development: A case in the Arctic

This research attempts to explore tourism stakeholders’ attitudes toward the practices of sustainability in Arctic destinations that have been regarded as sacred and pristine places that are susceptible to the influx of tourists. A mixed-method approach involving qualitative and quantitative studies is deployed in the Scandinavian Arctic region to facilitate data collection on three groups of tourism stakeholders: residents, tourists, and tourism operators. From the qualitative study, stakeholder attitudes toward environmental protection and cultural preservation emerge as the exogenous variable influencing the practices of sustainability. A host of questionnaire surveys is conducted at various Arctic destinations and results in 593 questionnaires are used for further data analyses. This research finds that among the three groups of stakeholders studied, tourists exhibit the strongest interest in sustainable tourism development in the Arctic region. Further, path analyses demonstrate that a positive attitude toward cultural preservation is considered as the driving force in promoting sustainable operations in Arctic destinations. A positive attitude toward environmental protection also prompts the stakeholders to consider setting a limit for tourism development in the Arctic.     

Restorative experiences and online tourists’ willingness to pay a price premium in an augmented reality environment

This study examined the effects of the restorative experience triggered by empowerment features in augmented reality (AR) on online tourists’ immersion and willingness to pay a price premium in the pre-purchase phase. The study focused in particular on the coherence and compatibility perspectives of the restorative experience. A scenario survey was conducted to validate the research framework. The research findings clarified the psychological mechanism behind the willingness to pay a price premium in AR-empowered online travel experiences. They indicated that the two AR empowerment features namely environmental embedding and simulated physical control generate restorative experience, which further fostered immersion and ultimately resulted in the willingness to pay more. The results may help online tourism services select appropriate AR empowerment features that will incite tourists to pay a premium price and also help create an effective AR tourism destination experience in the pre-purchase phase. This study focused on the attention restoration theory, empowerment paradigms, and AR-based service technology to develop an integrated conceptual framework of the relationship among AR empowerment features, restorative experience, immersion, and pre-purchase decision-making behavior.     

Ethics support through rapport: Elaborating the impact of service provider rapport on ethical behaviour intention of the tourists

Tourism research is concerned about increasing tourist visits yet simultaneously reducing the negative impact of tourism activities for the local communities by promoting the ethical behaviour of the tourists built upon the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, this research aims to test the influence of tourism service provider rapport on ethical behaviour intention of the tourists. Specifically, we propose that service provider rapport induces happiness that broadens moral cognition and build personal resources to perform ethical behaviour. Using a scenario-based survey, we found that happiness induced by service provider rapport can improve ethical behaviour. Moreover, happiness also elevates tourist's moral identity centrality, leading to ethical judgment and ethical behaviour intention. Thus, moral identity and ethical judgment are not stable for an individual. The theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed further.     

我国老年旅游市场分析

目前,老年旅游的发展已经有了相当规模。开发老年旅游市场、振兴老年旅游产业将成为促进旅游经济持续增长不可或缺的内容,不仅具有经济意义j还具有社会意义。发展老年人旅游市场,必须充分考虑老年人的身体状态、经济能力、闲暇时间的多少、文化程度的高低、个人意愿以及家庭等因素。同时,要注意解决好老年旅游产品“风险大、利润薄”,旅行社对开发这类产品心存顾虑,产品不能真正满足老年人需求的问题。应系统性构筑老年旅游市场的框架,对老年旅游市场进行细分,并根据老年人特殊的心理和生理特点推出差别化、专业化的旅游产品和服务。旅行社要运用合理的促销手段。树立良好的品牌形象,注重售后服务,培养忠诚顾客。     

基于服务质量测度的游客满意度影响因素分析——以宏村为例

游客的满意是旅游地提高竞争力、实现旅游地持续发展的主要影响因素。基于顾客满意度感知实绩模型,从旅游服务质量要素测度入手,以皖南世界文化遗产地宏村为例,分析游客满意度情况及其主要影响因素。多元统计逐步回归分析结果表明,游客总体满意度受多因素的共同影响,其中旅游景区、导游服务、购物及餐饮等因素与宏村游客总体满意度有很强的相关性和良好的因果解释关系,宏村游客总体满意度与忠诚度(推荐意愿与重游意愿)之间的相关关系显著。     

What motivates professional service firm employees to nurture client dialogues?

Dialogues between professionals and their clients are at the core of relationship marketing of professional service firms. To nurture dialogues, professionals need to extend the scope of the dialogue to new issues that impact the client organization's performance. We develop and examine (N?=?431) a model grounded in the theory of planned behavior to highlight factors that impact the willingness of professionals to initiate the extension of client dialogues. Three main results are found. First, affective and instrumental attitudes are distinct and different motivational antecedents that simultaneously impact willingness. Second, affective and instrumental attitude are intermediate psychological considerations shaped by extrinsic rewards, reciprocal relationships, and client relationship quality. Third, organizational pressure operates indirectly by instilling a personal professional norm to extend client dialogues.     

入境旅游者对我国旅游服务质量评价的对应分析

随着入境旅游者人数的增多，境外游客已经成为我国游客市场的重要组成部分。旅游服务质量是影响旅游收入的重要指标．旅游服务质量的高低直接影响旅游者的满意度和回头率，入境游客对于旅游服务质量的评价不得不引起重视。运用《2007中国旅游统计年鉴》的数据，对入境旅游者对我国旅游服务质量评价进行对应分析，分析了七个旅游服务类别对应的服务程度，探讨了七个旅游服务类别在服务质量上的差异。     

Joint service,pricing and advertising strategies with tourists’ green tourism experience in a tourism supply chain

We consider the supply chain in the tourism industry, in which tourists are susceptible to the tourists' green tourism experience when they make purchase decisions for a green tourism product. Our research considers a green tourism supply chain (GTSC) consisting of one scenic spot (SS) and one travel agency (TA), and studies the joint green tourism service, pricing and advertising problem of the SS and the TA. We establish Stackelberg differential game models between the SS and the TA in the centralized, decentralized and revenue-sharing scenarios, and apply Pontryagin's maximum principle to obtain the dynamic equilibrium solutions of the GTSC members. Based on the three different scenarios, we analyze influences of the tourists' green tourism experience concern level, the wholesale ticket price and the sharing ratio on the optimal decisions and performances of the GTSC. This paper is the first quantitative research to study the green tourism service effort, pricing and advertising strategies of the GTSC members and design GTSC improvement contract with considering the green tourism experience. Our results provide management insights for the SS and the TA to manage GTSC under the green tourism preferences and the green tourism experience of tourists.     

旅游服务质量信息的挖掘分析

运用粗糙集方法对旅游服务质量信息进行分析。采用ROSETTA系统挖掘了旅游服务质量评价的一些关联规则,如旅游交通条件和导游服务水平是影响旅游服务质量的最重要因素;并根据游客对旅游服务质量的信息对游客进行聚类。分析表明,数据挖掘方法可以作为辅助旅游服务部门改进服务质量和进行决策的有力工具。     

旅游服务的体验营销研究

以向顾客提供有价值的体验为宗旨，体验营销力图通过满足顾客的体验需要而达到吸引和保留顾客、获取利润的目的。旅游脆务本质上是为旅游者提供的一种或多种经历和体验。时旅游企业而言，服务提供者、游客、服分设施及场景、服务过程都是实施体验营销的关键要素。可采取的旅游服务的体验营销内容包括设计有吸引力的旅游体验主题，提升旅游服务的体验价值，展示体验式旅游有形物，营造旅游互动体验氛围、重视对游客的感官刺激等。     

苏州旅游公共服务体系构建实证研究——基于游客满意度视角

旅游公共服务体系是城市形象建设的重要内容,也是游客评价城市形象的重要标准,随着大众旅游时代的到来,苏州现有的旅游公共服务体系已经无法满足游客日益增长的对于公共交通、公共游憩设施以及公共安全等方面的需求,因此迫切需要加强和完善城市旅游公共服务体系的构建。     

Quality,Value? – Insights into Medical Tourists’ Attitudes and Behaviors

The research investigates the factors influencing medical tourists’ attitudes and behaviors. The factors examined include hospital service and customer perceived value. The study was undertaken in a major hospital located in a South-East Asian country. The sample includes foreign patients who have received various medical treatments in the hospital. The findings indicate that medical tourists are value oriented customers as their value perception has the strongest direct effect on their behaviors, followed by their attitudes towards the hospital. Hospital service appears to have a substantial direct effect on perceived value and medical tourist satisfaction, and also exerts an indirect effect on medical tourist behaviors. The research highlights the prominent role of perceived value, and pinpoints the most effective avenues for healthcare providers in allocating resources to improve hospital performance from the perspective of medical tourists.     

入境游客对苏州涉外旅游服务满意度调查研究

入境游客的满意度直接关系到苏州国际旅游竞争力。为不断提升苏州在国际旅游市场的影响力,提高游客重游率,实现入境旅游市场的不断增长,通过对2011年苏州入境游客进行随机调查,结果显示,入境游客对苏州涉外旅游服务满意度较高,不同国家或地区的游客和入住不同酒店的游客在服务满意度上存在着一些差异。为保持和提高苏州涉外旅游服务满意度,导游必须不断提高自身素质,其他涉外服务人员应该了解中西方文化差异、提高英语听说能力,旅游行政管理部门不断提高监督管理水平,高等院校和旅游培训部门要加强对涉外旅游服务人才的职业素质教育和职业技能培训,扩大旅游教育培训的国际合作与交流。     

乡村旅游者旅游动机研究

不同的乡村旅游者的旅游动机是有差异的。乡村旅游动机由主到次可归结为"缓解压力"、"交际"、"求知"和"怀旧"四大类。必须对乡村旅游者的旅游动机进行研究,这样对指导乡村旅游产品开发和完善乡村旅游服务体系是具有重要意义的。     

基于新市场环境影响的我国旅游供应链重构研究

旅游产品的复杂性与服务主体的多元化要求构建旅游供应链,从而实现主体之间的协作以更好地满足旅游者需求。文章在对旅游供应链文献进行梳理的基础上认为,旅游供应链的构建与旅游产业发展环境密切相关。当前我国旅游业面临着大众旅游、信息技术、环境承载力、旅游目的地等新的市场环境变化,市场环境影响到旅游供应链的结构与核心企业的确立。基于旅游目的地在旅游活动与公共服务两个方面的影响力,确立旅游目的地为旅游供应链的核心企业。设计基于旅游目的地的旅游供应链的结构模型与功能模型,期望通过旅游供应链的重构与实践促进我国旅游产业的可持续发展。     

基于游客分类的温泉旅游服务品质研究——以新丰云天海温泉原始森林度假区为例

本文以新丰云天海温泉原始森林度假区为例,通过问卷调查数据分析将游客分为便利性导向型游客和自然资源导向型游客两类,采用IPA分析方法研究不同类型游客对温泉旅游服务品质的需求特点,提出温泉企业应分类游客、精确定位,重视"游客重视的服务品质",改善游客"差评"的服务品质,关注指标的综合性评价、开发多种类型的配套旅游产品等。     

Effect of a Class Action Suit on Consumer Repurchase Intentions

This study examines willingness to repurchase a Toyota among 335 Toyota owners, 246 who had participated in a class action suit against Toyota and 89 who had not participated. It also examines attitudes toward auto dealers and manufacturers and includes a psychographic measure of global consumer loyalty. Respondents were interviewed one to two years after participants had received a cash settlement to compensate for illegal overcharging. Multivariate analysis indicates that compared to nonparticipants, settlement participants, especially those satisfied with the settlement, were more willing to repurchase a Toyota and were less positive in their attitudes toward the Toyota manufacturer. Positive attitudes toward the Toyota manufacturer and dealers were associated with higher repurchase willingness, while positive attitudes toward other dealers and manufacturers were associated with lower repurchase willingness. Consumer loyalty was associated with higher repurchase willingness. These findings and their implications are discussed in terms of several theoretical frameworks.     

天津市旅游产品国际化及其营销对策

目前,国家把加快推进天津滨海新区开发纳入总体发展战略,并为其发展提供了难得的历史性机遇。天津应实施旅游产品国际化战略,在激烈的竞争中走出一条独特的国际化道路,培育契合世界趋势的旅游产品品牌,满足境外游客多样化的需求,营造国际化氛围,建设适合国际旅游者习惯的消费娱乐场所。完善国际化的综合配套服务设施与基础设施建设,提高符合国际化要求的服务水准。以吸引更多国际旅游者。     

The moderating effect of culture on overall perceived value in the online purchasing process

This study analyzes differences in the formation of overall perceived value of a tourism service purchased online, taking tourists’ national culture as a moderating variable. The intention is to understand the influence of cultural dimensions on the antecedents and consequences of overall perceived value amongst consumers of different cultures. The sample is made up of 300 tourists (150 British and 150 Spanish) who have purchased a tourism service via the Internet. The two cultures to which the tourists belong differ in terms of the cultural dimensions of uncertainty-avoidance and individualism–collectivism. The findings reveal that in the formation of overall perceived value—which embraces both the online purchase phase and also consumption of the tourism service—moderating effects are generated principally by the cultural dimensions of uncertainty-avoidance and individualism/collectivism. The key practical implications of the study are to understand the variations on overall perceived value when making an online purchase, and to understand the role played by cultural dimensions in interactions with web-based businesses.