The causal correlations among market structure,conduct, and performance of the CPA industry

This study uses the structure–conduct–performance theory to explore causal correlations among the market structure of the certified public accountant industry, the conduct, and the operation performance of accounting firms. The study uses stepwise regression analysis to find out important factors of these three dimensions. The empirical results confirm that there exist causal correlations among market structure, conduct, and operation performance of accounting firms, not just a single direction relationship. This study hopes that the findings can provide researchers and practitioners with the more complete and useful references for policy and decision-making.     

Medical Tourism in Singapore: A Structure-Conduct-Performance Analysis

This study presents a structure-conduct-performance analysis of the 17 Singaporean hospitals that are engaged in the medical tourism industry. Using data from hospital Websites, Singapore's Ministry of Health and the Singapore Department of Statistics, it argues that barriers to entry give it the structure of an oligopolistic industry. However, because the industry is dominated by two publicly controlled hospital groups, the conduct and performance of the industry differ from those of the classical oligopoly model. The presence of two types of consumers, Western and Southeast Asian, also distinguishes this industry from the classical model. In the end, Singapore's medical tourism hospitals appear to perform well in serving their international and domestic clients.     

中国商业银行的竞争、垄断与管制——关于中国银行业的SCP分析框架

本文用传统的SCP分析框架对中国银行业进行分析 ,发现其寡占的市场结构、不经济的市场行为和低下的市场绩效之间并非存在着必然的因果关系 ,究其根本的原因主要是中国银行业存在着行政干预 ,因此 ,应进一步放开准入和利率的管制。     

Industrial Organization of Banking: A Review

Empirical research about structure, conduct and performance in banking markets has developed mostly independently from the microeconomic theory of banking. The present paper reviews the literature by focusing on the links between theoretical and empirical research. It considers basic conditions, variables of market structure, conduct and performance and public policy special to the banking industry. It is shown that the competitive conditions are different in different market segments, and that the trend towards universal banks which are active in different geographic markets gives new challenges to research.     

From merchant to merchant-ruler: A structure–conduct–performance perspective of the East India Company's history, 1600–1765

Many nineteenth-century historians claimed that the English East India Company's trade and commercial activities, right from inception, were never really a financially profitable enterprise. This argument is incorporated within an altered structure–conduct–performance (SCP) paradigm to rearticulate the Company's history between 1600 and 1765. Rather than characterising the Company as simply a chartered monopoly, the article instead argues that the market structure in which it operated was competitive or contestable but, at the same time, wrought with high sunk costs and free-riders. This framework allows us to understand why the Company desperately pursued market conduct strategies to gain monopoly and monopsony power in England and India respectively, which simultaneously contributed to its transformation from merchant to merchant-ruler. In this process the Company redefined not merely industry boundaries but also those between industry and state.     

“赶超型”产业政策与市场绩效:基于东亚地区国际竞争力的比较视角

借鉴西方产业组织SCP分析范式,以国际竞争力为导向,在比较日本、韩国及我国台湾地区“赶超型”产业政策、市场结构、市场行为、市场绩效的基础上,分析产业政策的传导机理。从同质性角度,提出了产业政策的“倒U”假说;从异质性角度,比较了均衡与非均衡的产业政策特点。就市场结构而言,日本产业呈现规模与竞争兼容,韩国产业是规模有余、竞争不足,而台湾地区产业则是规模不足、竞争有余。就市场行为而言,日本企业表现为“创新型”,韩国企业是“扩张型”,台湾地区企业是“标准型”。基于均衡的产业政策,日本“赶超型”产业政策的传导较好地抑制了产业政策的副作用,表现出更强的国际竞争力。     

食品企业公信度评价体系构建与模型

公众对食品企业的信任和满意是企业健康发展的关键,而企业的食品和服务、企业感召力、工作环境、企业规模和实力、企业市场表现以及企业社会责任的履行是影响食品企业公信度的主要因素。文章基于以上因素设计了食品企业公信度评价指标和公信度模糊评价模型,食品企业可借助该模型对不同时期的公信度进行评估,为企业科学决策提供信息参考。若食品企业公信度高,而销售额低,说明企业营销、推广等运营方面的工作没有做好,应注意改善经营管理方法,提高运营管理水平;若食品企业公信度低,则可从上述影响因素着手,有针对性地提升企业公信度。但受样本所限,该模型未对食品企业类型进行细分,后续研究应继续扩大样本研究区域和细分企业,具体细化评价指标,并进一步验证模型。     

Communicating Competency in References: A Qualitative Analysis of the Utilization of References in Mechanical Engineering

ABSTRACT

Purpose: In order to explore the multiplicative interaction between clustering and reach, as well as their effect on members’ knowledge production and patent value, the authors researched university–industry collaboration networks in the emerging interdisciplinary field at a corporate level.

Methodology: The authors based their research on a platform of nano-biopharmaceuticals complex network analysis. Furthermore, they built a network to analyze the influence of small-world properties, as well as the impact of the largest component on the patent value of innovation activities at a corporate level. In this article, the authors conduct an empirical investigation of university–industry patent innovation collaboration in the nano-biopharmaceutical field and propose that their research be considered as new evidence in addition to the previously published literature in this field. Given the pre-existing high skew of patent values in relation to registered patents, they used weighted patent value in the measurement of university–industry innovation performance, rather than simple patent counts.

Results: The results show that small-world structures have a parabolical influence on patent innovation performance at corporate level.

Findings: The findings go beyond previous research results and can contribute to policy formulation and relevant entrepreneurial decisions in the establishment of university–industry collaboration.     

Strategic actions in European soccer: Do they matter?

The objective of this paper is to discover (if and) what kind of strategic actions European football clubs conduct and whether these actions affect their financial performance and therefore their competitive position. In this paper we measure the context, content and process dimensions of strategic renewal and relate these to financial performance. The individual strategic actions undertaken by eight football organisations during the period 1995–2002 were examined. In total, 963 strategic actions could be assigned to three dimensions of strategic action. Our study shows that even in an environment in which other factors are crucial for surviving, undertaking strategic actions does contribute to the financial performance of firms. In the European football industry that requires some kind of ‘competitive balance’, strategic actions positively contribute to financial performance.     

How policy is shaping the macro healthcare delivery supply chain: The emergence of a new tier of retail medical clinics

The healthcare industry continues to face substantial pressure to simultaneously improve costs and patient centricity. Much of the focus to date has concerned policy interventions capable of improving these performance measures for traditional healthcare providers, such as hospitals. But recently, nontraditional healthcare providers like Walmart Health and Amazon have made forays into the industry by establishing retail medical clinics (RMCs). These efforts constitute a redistribution of how services are organized across the macro healthcare delivery supply chain. While RMCs stand to bring innovative models of service delivery to patients, the policy environment can both enable and inhibit their involvement in the industry. We develop a framework that explains how structural and conduct regulations have historically influenced demand for and supply of healthcare services. We then describe how these regulatory factors can support nontraditional healthcare providers as they launch innovative service delivery models aimed at efficiency and customer centricity.     

Marketing Financial Services in London

ABSTRACT

Given the extremely csompetitive nature of the financial industry in London, England it is important to understand how to conduct a successful marketing effort. A look at various financial services firms in London, such as General Electric Corporation Global, Morgan Stanley Dean Witter, Fidelity Investment and government organizations including the Financial Service Authority and the Bank of England help to profile several methods available to help a global marketing effort. Innovative marketing performance tools such as Customer Advisory Boards, Sales Technology Tools, and other effective performance issues are examined.     

公共危机管理绩效审计研究——来自中国审计结果公告的证据

国家审计要服务于国家治理,随着各种公共危机事件的发生,对其进行审计也成为必要,公共危机管理绩效审计由此产生。本文从合规性、经济性等内容和通过评价指标体系对政府的公共危机管理绩效审计进行评价分析,并对公共危机管理和危机管理绩效审计工作提出建议。     

Downsizing in the German chemical manufacturing industry during the 1990s. Why is small beautiful?

The German chemical manufacturing industry experienced major downsizing between 1992 and 2004, with the average size of firms shrinking by nearly half during this period. This study uses modern frontier efficiency analysis to investigate the determinants of this downsizing. Based on reliable census data, the results of this analysis suggest that firms were not primarily concerned with improving technical efficiency, but with establishing an optimal scale of production. The proportion of scale-efficient firms has been persistently increasing, and downsizing is found to be a rational conduct because all scale-inefficient firms have continually operated under the decreasing returns portion of technology.     

我国快餐行业市场行为与市场绩效的实证研究

随着我国经济的增长,中国快餐业发展迅猛。分析我国快餐企业产品差异化行为,连锁经营行为以及整个快餐行业的市场绩效;并在此基础上运用多元统计的方法对我国快餐业市场行为对市场绩效的实现程度进行实证分析,使我国快餐企业市场行为合理化,积极发展中式快餐业。     

基于国家“钻石”模型的中国食糖国际竞争力分析

文章将中国食糖贸易竞争指数、显示性比较优势指数等指标与世界主要食糖生产或消费大国进行比较,从而对中国食糖国际竞争力进行测度.基于国家"钻石"模型范式,从要素禀赋、国内需求、相关及支持性产业、产业组织及政府管理等方面探讨了造成中国食糖国际竞争力低下的原因,从而为进一步提升中国食糖国际竞争力提供政策建议.     

房地产开发公司十大股东结构与经营绩效的相关性研究

选取房地产开发经营公司作为研究的切入点,搜集了2007—2009年的相关数据,对其十大股东组成结构和经营绩效的相关性进行回归分析,结果表明,公司绩效受到十大股东结构的影响,相关行业股东比例越大、非相关行业股东比例越小、自然人股东比例越小、国有股东持股比例越小,公司绩效越好,但无法通过显著性检验。同时,房地产开发经营公司应采取适当措施应对政府打压的局面,积极加强和行业内部以及相关行业公司的合作,对各个种类股东的比例加以适当控制。进一步重视委托代理问题,以优化股权结构,提高经营绩效。     

我国节能环保上市公司的业绩评价研究——基于因子分析法和熵值法的实证分析

节能环保产业在2015年即将成为我国国民经济新的支柱产业,因此扩大产业规模、提高节能环保上市公司绩效是当务之急。针对这个问题,通过构建节能环保上市公司的业绩指标评价体系,并利用因子分析法和熵值法对节能环保上市公司业绩进行实证评价。研究结果表明,由于出色的创新和偿债能力,软件和信息技术服务行业在业绩评价中总体处于领先地位。我国节能环保上市公司要想实现快速发展,必须重视科技力量,增强创新能力,提高核心竞争力。     

The Influence of Merger and Acquisition Activities on Corporate Performance in the Taiwanese Telecommunications Industry

This study attempts to make an empirical contribution to the understanding of corporate performance in the telecommunications industry. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is performed to assess corporate performance for the telecommunications sector in Taiwan and the relationships between corporate performance and merger and acquisition (M&A) transactions. The empirical results reveal that M&A strategy does not seem to enhance corporate performance in the telecommunications industry, whilst an internal growth strategy does improve corporate performance.     

The Link Between Corporate Social and Financial Performance: Evidence from the Banking Industry

The purpose of this investigation is to extend earlier research on the relationship between corporate social and financial performance. The unique contribution of the study is the empirical analysis of a sample of companies from the banking industry and the use of Community Reinvestment Act ratings as a social performance measure. The empirical analysis solidly supports the hypothesis that the link between social and financial performance is positive.     

University spin-offs and the “performance premium”

The creation of spin-off companies is often promoted as a desirable mechanism for transferring knowledge and technologies from research organizations to the private sector for commercialization. In the promotion process, policymakers typically treat these “university” spin-offs like industry start-ups. However, when university spin-offs involve an employment transition by a researcher from the not-for-profit sector, the creation of a university spin-off is likely to impose a higher social cost than the creation of an industry start-up. To offset this higher social cost, university spin-offs must produce a larger stream of social benefits than industry start-ups, a performance premium. This paper outlines the arguments explaining why the social costs of entrepreneurship are likely to be higher for academic entrepreneurs, and empirically investigates the existence of a performance premium using a sample of German start-up companies. We find that university spin-offs exhibit a performance premium of 3.4 % points higher employment growth over industry start-ups. The analysis also shows that the performance premium varies across types of academic entrepreneurs and founders’ academic disciplines.