社会网络对农户借贷行为的影响研究

本文基于2018年中国家庭动态追踪调查（CFPS）数据,运用因子分析法构建了社会网络得分,通过Logit和Tobit模型探究社会网络对农户借贷行为以及借贷金额的影响,并进一步探讨社会网络对农户参与正规金融借贷和非正规金融借贷是否存在差异。研究发现,社会网络对农村地区的借贷行为有显著的正向影响,这也说明,我国农村地区的社会网络在农户的借贷中起着积极的促进作用。研究还发现,相较于非正规金融借贷,社会网络对正规金融借贷行为的影响表现更为突出。     

网络借贷监管制度的反思及其理念的重塑

作为微型金融和小额信贷形式的新锐代表,网络借贷被视为实现普惠金融和金融公平价值的有力工具。网络借贷是金融创新的产物,兼具金融及互联网的相关特性,意味着网络借贷自始与风险相生相伴。由于金融创新与监管的动态博弈关系,需要准确定位监管层在网络借贷发展中的角色。良好的监管尺度需要兼顾“效率”与“安全”,对互联网金融的监管总体上应当体现开放性、包容性与有效性。在具体制度设计上,应当通过转变监管模式、完善法律体系、提升专业能力、健全征信体系来回应。     

P2P网络借贷研究

金融业与互联网技术对接过程催生了网络借贷平台融资(P2P,peer to peer lending),并呈现良好的发展势头。本文在此就对P2P网络借贷的起源特点、国内的发展现状、相关的风险以及其未来的发展前景做一番分析,希望能为P2P网络借贷的健康发展提供有益的启发。     

互联网金融背景下校园网络借贷的困局及其解决路径

最近几年,因借贷门槛低、行业暴利、监管缺失等多个因素,校园网络借贷飞速发展.校园网络借贷迅速发展的同时也引发一系列校园特殊风险事件,如“裸条借贷”风波、“网贷赌球欠债60万跳楼身亡”事件等.要解决此问题,建议有关部门应考虑大学生群体的特殊性,出台校园网络借贷监管法规,整顿校园网络借贷行业;各大高校在做好学校安保工作之余,应当加大学生互联网金融方面的教育,提倡理性消费;校园网络借贷行业应加强行业自律.     

校园网络借贷的法律争议及其监管路径

最近几年,校园网络借贷飞速发展。但由于校园网络借贷自身的特殊性,再加上相关监管的缺失,引发了一系列校园特殊风险事件。引发校园网络借贷风险事件的原因包括实际费率畸高、审核不严、野蛮催债等多个因素。要解决校园网络借贷存在的问题,首先要发挥行业自律组织的作用,提倡校园网络借贷平台自律;其次,应当加强大学生理财教育,提倡理性消费;再次,可以借鉴国外的先进经验,对借贷金额做一定的限制,提高校园网络借贷的风险控制能力;最后,出台相关监管法规,打击校园网络借贷的违法违规行为。     

我国网络借贷市场的现况与发展策略研究

随着我国互联网金融的不断发展,古老的民间借贷融入互联网技术逐渐形成一个新兴融资模式——网络借贷。起初,网络借贷这个陌生的行业在我国金融行业并没有溅起什么水花。后来越来越多的创业者发现了这个市场,而由于这方面的政策未臻完善,使得网络借贷市场乱象丛生,各种社会问题相继爆发,迫使政府开始规范及重视相关问题。本文就当前网络借贷市场的现况和发展问题展开讨论。并针对这些问题,提出相应建议。     

校园网络借贷存在的问题与监管对策

近年来,以大学生为消费群体的校园网络借贷行业发展迅速,但由于校园网络借贷参与各方的法律风险防范意识不强,相关法律规定滞后且监管存在缺位,校园网络借贷行业暴露出越来越多的问题.因此,完善相关法律、坚持全面合理监管加强对大学生的引导等措施才能促进校园网络借贷健康发展.     

网络借贷与互联网征信

近年来,我国网络借贷交易规模和平台数量快速发展,但也存在一些问题,如网络借贷机构难以得到传统银行同等待遇,网络信贷征信机构之间数据难以共享,网络借贷征信机构数据积累过少. 为促进网络借贷行业健康发展,需要提升央行征信中心个人征信系统等对网络信贷平台的服务能力,积极推动互联网征信机构与央行征信中心个人征信系统的数据共享,加大征信产品开发力度,为互联网征信的发展提供法律保障.     

网络借贷行业发展指数研究——基于山东省的调研

从规模性、覆盖率、安全性三个方面综合考虑网络借贷行业发展影响因素,其中安全性指数中引入接入网络金融征信系统(NFCS)网贷机构比例作为度量,并借助变异系数法设置二级指标权重,由此构建网络借贷业发展评价指标体系.结论显示规模指数一直比较平稳,覆盖率指数处于稳步增长的趋势,但安全指数由于最近一年内的问题平台数量不断增加的原因一路下降.这说明网贷行业未来发展仍应以风险控制为首要任务.     

P2P网络借贷平台发展趋势分析

P2P网络借贷平台作为互联网金融业态的重要形式,以其不受时间和空间限制的灵活性,低廉的操作成本,越来越得到小微企业和个人贷款用户的青睐,其业务内容已经从早期的借贷信息发布和交易撮合向其它借贷和金融服务范畴发展,其服务形式、交易模式、风险控制方法也不断变化,与银行等金融机构合作逐渐深入,成为传统金融机构的有利补充。本文通过对上海地区P2P网络借贷企业的调研,从P2P业务所面临的问题,其发展过程中存在的消极和积极因素,客户需求和政策影响等内容出发,对P2P平台的发展趋势进行分析。     

Predicting Prepayment and Default Risks of Unsecured Consumer Loans in Online Lending

Online lending provides a means of fast financing for borrowers based on their creditworthiness. However, borrowers may undermine this agreement due to early repayment or default, which are two major concerns for the platform and lenders, since both affect the profitability of a loan. While default risk is frequently focused on credit scoring literature, prepayment has received much less attention, despite a higher prepayment rate being observed in online lending when compared with default. This article uses multivariate logistic regression to predict the probability of both the underlying prepayment and default risks. Real consumer lending data of 140,605 unsecured loans provides evidence that these two events have their own distinct patterns. We consider systemic risk by incorporating macroeconomic factors in modeling and address the influence of economic conditions, which are lessons learnt from the last financial crisis. The out-of-sample validation has shown that both prepayment and default can be accurately predicted. This article highlights the necessity of regulations on prepayment given the fast growing online lending market.     

基于产品端的网络借贷风险控制研究

网贷平台监管备案正稳步推进,其关键在于把控风险体系。现有文献大多围绕"交易过程—事件类型"探讨网贷风险,本文则以"事件类型—产品端"为切入视角,从网贷平台产品端的资金来源、信贷资产、资金池、信息披露等方面解析风险逻辑,层层剖析产品端风险漏洞枢纽的风险传输渠道。针对这些风险漏洞,可以通过加强产品端初始资金配对监管、充分发挥行业协会专业优势、完善中间资金账户管理机制和建立关联信息强制披露制度等手段,调整网贷监管体系,有效治理网贷风险,引导互联网金融行业规范发展和监管政策的贯彻落实。     

网贷模式的信用风险探析征信视角下 P2P

近年来,我国 P2P 网络贷款作为互联网金融创新模式获得爆发式增长,但同时在信息不对称、征信主体权益保护等方面存在的信用风险问题也日益突出。为促进 P2P 网络贷款等互联网金融的发展,应加强征信管理与服务,将 P2P 网贷平台纳入征信管理范畴,强化 P2P 网贷平台信用管理和平台资金流动监管,加大网贷平台信用信息保护力度。     

The Neighborhood Distribution of Subprime Mortgage Lending

Subprime lending in the residential mortgage market, characterized by relatively high credit risk and interest rates or fees, has developed over the past decade into a prominent segment of the market (Temkin, 2000). Recent research indicates that there is geographical concentration of subprime mortgages in Census tracts where there are high concentrations of low-income and minority households. The growth in subprime lending represents an expansion in the supply of mortgage credit among households who do not meet prime market underwriting standards. Nonetheless, its apparent concentration in minority and lower income neighborhoods has generated concerns that these households may not be obtaining equal opportunity in the prime mortgage market. Such lending may undermine revitalization to the extent that it is associated with so-called predatory practices.     

Discrimination in Lending: Theory and Evidence

Using a general equilibrium model of credit market discrimination, I find that both taste-based discrimination and statistical discrimination have similar predictions for the intergroup differences in loan terms. The commonly held view has been that if taste-based discrimination exists, loans approved to minority borrowers will have higher expected profitability than those to majorities with comparable credit background. I show that the validity of this profitability view depends crucially on how expected loan profitability is measured. I also show that taste-based discrimination must exist if loans to minority borrowers have higher expected rates of return or lower expected rates of default loss than those to majorities with the same exogenous characteristics observed by lender at the time of loan originations. My analysis suggests that the valid method to test for taste-based discrimination should be reduced-form regressions. Empirically, I fail to find supporting evidence for the existence of taste-based discrimination.     

转融通基本问题研究

转融通实质上就是证券金融公司对证券公司的融资融券。证券金融公司是转融通业务的唯一主体,具有一定的垄断地位,但证券金融公司在开展转融通业务时,与证券公司是交易对手,处于平等的民事主体地位,证券金融公司不应定位为交易的中央对手方或者市场组织者。在《转融通业务监督管理试行办法》规定的框架下,证券金融公司可以根据实际情况和需要设计出不同的业务操作模式,但效率与安全应当是考虑设计转融通操作模式的两大基本出发点。从长远看,比照现有的融资融券业务操作模式构建证券金融公司的转融通业务操作模式,是一种可取的选择,值得作进一步的思考。     

网络借贷的发展现状、风险分析及其法律规制

近年来,随着网络日益普及,网络借贷作为一种新兴民间借贷方式在我国悄然兴起并得到迅速发展。但是由于法律制度与有效监管的缺失以及社会信用体系的不完善,其自由发展也潜藏着一些较大的风险隐患。文章介绍了国内网络借贷的发展现状,分析了网络借贷的主要风险,并在借鉴发达国家成熟经验的基础上,提出了完善我国网络借贷法律规制的相关建议。     

Anatomy of a Fair Lending Exam: The Uses and Limitations of Statistics*

In this paper, we examine how statistical analysis is used to help conduct fair lending compliance examinations. We present a case study of an actual fair lending examination of a large mortgage lender, illustrating how statistical techniques are used to focus examiner efforts. Our case also highlights the limitations inherent in statistical analysis of discrimination. The study suggests that statistical analysis and the more-traditional comparative file reviews complement one another in the overall examination process, offsetting some of the limitations inherent in each.