全域旅游视域下世界遗产地可持续发展研究 ——以丽江古城为例

丽江古城是集世界文化遗产、国家历史文化名城、国家5A级旅游景区等荣誉于一身的旅游景区。然而随着旅游业的发展,丽江古城的可持续发展面临着一些危机,如商业化氛围略显浓厚,原真性体验活动深度不够,业态构成和空间布局不合理等。对全域旅游与遗产旅游可持续发展的互动机制进行研究,并从五方面将全域旅游发展理念运用到世界遗产地的可持续发展中,包括建立全域旅游观下的生态保护新格局,依据全域旅游规划调整古城业态和优化空间布局,融合全域旅游资源要素并打造不同主题的旅游线路等。     

Soundscape and its influence on tourist satisfaction

The soundscape is a relatively neglected area of study in tourism and to a wider extent the service industries research. This paper examines the relationship between soundscape and tourist satisfaction from a tourist sensory experience perspective. Data were collected in a UNESCO world heritage site in China, which is well known for its unique soundscape. The structural equation model analysis shows that there is a significant correlation between soundscape satisfaction and tourist satisfaction. The analysis of the findings also suggests that sound preference has almost no influence on soundscape satisfaction and tourist satisfaction, while soundscape expectation has a strong influence on tourist satisfaction. This study extends tourism multisensory research by offering insights into the relationship between the soundscape perceptions and tourist satisfaction. The findings also make progressive contribution to destination management studies by validating the relationship between the soundscape and its effects on tourist satisfaction.     

我国文化遗产保护与开发问题探析

我国文化遗产地旅游开发中存在盲目兴建旅游基础设施、盲目追求游客数量增加,对文物建筑和遗产地造成了不同程度的损害。为了保护世界遗产不受旅游开发和经营服务活动的损害,需要从管理体制、人才培养、坚持功能分区等方面制定相应的对策。     

国家城市湿地公园游客满意度评价研究——以无锡长广溪湿地公园为例

城市湿地公园因自身功能的限制,其开发旅游有着先天的不足。本文以无锡长广溪城市湿地公园为研究对象,通过问卷调查和实地访谈的方式探讨了城市湿地公园的游客满意度,认为应通过完善基础设施、挖掘文化内涵、提供人性化服务等措施来提高游客的满意度,从而实现城市湿地公园生态环境保护与社会经济双赢的旅游经营目标。     

革命历史文化遗产旅游资源模糊评价模型

革命历史文化遗产旅游资源在我国主要有辛亥革命旅游资源和红色旅游资源两大类,革命历史文化遗产旅游资源评价是革命历史文化遗产旅游资源开发的基础,需要运用模糊数学中的层次分析法来构建革命历史文化遗产旅游资源评价体系。     

Greek Marketing Strategies in the European Tourism Market

Between 1960 and 1985 international tourism to Greece enjoyed one of the fastest rates of growth in the world, averaging 12.2 per cent annually. Numerous inter-related explanations were offered for this phenomenon, including endowed factors such as warm climate and antiquities; low costs; the supportive infrastructure and the strength and efficiency of the supply of tourist services and products. One aspect, however, which has not attracted much attention is the quality of Greek marketing. The Greek tourism marketing strategies are examined using a sample of Greek national tourist offices located in major European cities. Data for the study were gathered from personal interviews with the directors of such tourist offices. Although the marketing strategies undertaken by the national tourist offices of Greece abroad have been generally successful, the long-term viability of such strategies can only be sustained by a formalised strategic marketing planning process which caters for a host of interacting internal and external variables.     

盐都自贡特色旅游产品的营销策划与推广

盐都特色旅游产品是自贡盐文化的标志性建筑之一,它既是千年盐都的文化缩影,又承载了自贡盐文化持续发展的重任。自贡市应抓住盐都特色,拓宽发展领域,拓展客源市场,将千年盐都历史文化融入到盐都特色旅游产品经营中,大力推进重大旅游项目建设,积极探索“政府引导、企业经营、市场运作”模式;实现自贡盐文化特色旅游产品与保护自贡独有文化遗产的结合,使盐都特色旅游产品焕发新的生命。     

Trade in tourism services: Explaining tourism trade and the impact of the general agreement on trade in services on the gains from trade

The article addresses two questions related with tourism as a service trade. Can tourism be explained as other export activities? Does service liberalisation have a positive or negative impact on tourism receipts in destination countries? Previous research has either focused on the demand side factors (i.e. factors of demand in the origin countries) or on tourism as a long-run factor of economic growth. The research shows that a complementary perspective such as that offered by trade in a supply side perspective can render additional insights towards understanding tourism. This approach can explain why countries have absolute and comparative advantage. Another finding is that tourism as an export can be explained by some of the same destination factors that explain other service exports. Using different panel estimators the importance of supply side factors that are to some extent exclusive to tourism are demonstrated: the general price competitiveness of the destination, tourism infrastructure and the provision of safety. The econometric models also confirm the relevance of other conventional explanatory factors of trade in services such as GDP per capita and internet usage. The last part of the article analyses the welfare gains from trade under the general agreement on trade in services (GATS). The revenue (tourism receipt) effect is decomposed into a volume (arrival) and price effect. Results suggest that liberalisers under the GATS gained especially from a volume effect with average higher growth rates in the number of arrivals. There is also found to be a positive effect on the average income earned per tourist from being a liberaliser.     

Exploring Foreign Tourists’ Image of Tanzania: A Factorial Analysis Approach

Abstract

In the last decade, the economy of African continent and Tanzania in particular has witnessed a business boom of the tourism sector. While the sector has continued to grow and become a dependable source of direct and indirect employment to youths in urban and rural areas, the sector has been awash with challenges. These challenges include terrorism attacks, energy crises and poor infrastructure. However, the impact of these challenges on the image of Tanzania as a tourist destination has not received the deserved attention. This study explores the perception of visitors towards Tanzania as a tourist destination after they have completed their tourist visit. This study employs factor analysis technique to explore country destination image. Questionnaires were administered to visitors at some of the tourists’ hotels and Julius Kamabarage Nyerere International Airport (as a major exit point) in the country. Frontline employees, various tourist sites and access to services emerged to be strong tourist destination image factors. This implies that the efforts of marketing tourism destination should focus on promoting all the sites the country has.     

历史文化名城旅游发展优化:以西安市为例

体验经济时代的到来对历史文化名城旅游提出了新的挑战,体验经济与历史文化名城旅游的不和谐体现在文物保护和旅游开发、资源禀赋和体验经济内涵、旅游产品形式和游客体验本质的不和谐三个方面。在构建历史文化名城旅游系统基础上,从开发理念、产品设计和旅游服务等角度提出历史文化名城旅游发展优化的思路,并结合典型历史文化名城西安进行案例研究。     

中国民族工业遗产旅游资源价值评价及开发策略——以山东省枣庄市中兴煤矿公司为例

枣庄是我国重要的能源工业城市,也是国务院确定的资源枯竭、迄待转型的城市。具有130多年历史的中兴煤矿公司留下了丰厚的工业遗产,为枣庄文化旅游的发展创造了优越的条件。枣庄工业遗产旅游资源可以从历史价值、文化价值、科技价值和美学价值四个方面进行定性评价。枣庄工业遗产旅游应在遗产保护整体性、原真性的基础上,适当拓印记忆拓片,贯彻慢游理念,注重体验过程,营造绿色的旅游环境。     

Sustainable Tourism: Ethical Alternative or Marketing Ploy?

While tourism is often seen as a welcome source of economic development, conventional mass tourism is associated with numerous negative effects, such as the destruction of ecological systems and loss of cultural heritage. In response to these concerns, a term that has surfaced recently is, sustainable tourism. This article attempts to define sustainable tourism and asks the question of whether this new term is an acceptable criteria or is merely a marketing ploy to attract the morally conscious tourist. Paul Lansing is a professor of Business Administration at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received a J.D. Degree and a Graduate Degree in International Business. Paul De Vries received an M.Sc BA, in Strategic Management from the Rotterdam School of Management, RSM Erasmus University.     

信阳茶文化旅游资源开发对策

信阳市作为江北产茶区的代表,凭借丰富的茶文化资源促进了信阳旅游业的发展。以茶文化旅游为出发点,对信阳的茶文化旅游资源进行梳理,对发展茶文化旅游的优势进行归纳,其自然条件优越,生态环境独特,种植历史悠久,文化底蕴深厚,旅游资源丰富,组合条件优越,市场前景广阔,发展潜力巨大。总结出信阳茶文化旅游资源开发和宣传过程中遇到的问题:基础设施建设不够完善,茶文化旅游文化内涵不足,茶文化旅游产品同质性高,品牌营销力度不足,茶文化旅游参与性不高。并提出解决对策:加强旅游基础设施建设,提升旅游形象和服务质量,充分挖掘茶文化内涵,丰富茶文化旅游内容,多元化创新,打造产品定位新路径,改变营销模式,不断开拓茶文化旅游市场,优化游客体验,致力于提升参与度。     

日本出境旅游现状及我国拓展日本客源市场对策

我国国际旅游业的发展与日本客源市场有着非常密切的关系。日本旅游者主要前往亚洲国家旅游,目前韩国是接待日本旅游者最多的国家。我国可以采取改善旅游基础设施,提高服务质量,培养精通日语的服务人才,开发温泉旅游和滑雪旅游等措施拓展日本客源市场。     

基于计划行为理论的灾后重建景区旅游影响因素分析

灾后重建景区的旅游资源非常独特,即有传统的自然和文化旅游资源,对灾后重建景区的旅游意愿的因素分析与解释也有其独特的方法与理论分析框架。本文以汶川旅游为例,从旅游价值链视角出发,基于计划行为理论,探讨了影响灾后重建景区旅游的因素;利用结构方程及其路径分析,研究发现灾后重建景区的旅游吸引力主要来自于地震遗迹和震后的当地生活方式等功能性因素,以及抗震救灾中体现出的抗震救灾精神和大爱精神等情感性因素,主观规范和感知控制也会显著影响旅游意愿。     

我国区域旅游门票经济的路径依赖与创新选择

门票经济是我国区域旅游经济增长的初始模式,其生成机理具有历史必然性,已然锁定在既有利益格局下,形成了资源价值观、旅游产业认知和产业链培育方面的路径约束,不利于区域旅游综合价值的实现。在战略性支柱产业定位的引导下,我国区域旅游应构建全产业链模式,通过有限政府主导、制度安排创新和多元化产品供给促进门票经济转型升级,实现区域综合发展的目标。     

论西藏旅游业危机管理系统的构建

安全是一个目的地、区域或国家发展旅游业的基本条件,也是旅游经济持续增长的基本决定因素.目的地处于危急事件中时,其旅游业的发展会受到相当程度的影响,从而陷入低迷.危机事件对西藏旅游业主要有四个影响维度,即对旅游基础设施的影响、对旅游地形象的影响、对旅游地经济的影响、对旅游客源地的影响.建立西藏旅游业危机管理系统是解决西藏旅游业发展的危机管理最适合的策略,该系统包括旅游危机预警系统、旅游危机处理系统和旅游危机公关系统.构建西藏旅游业危机管理系统,有助于实现西藏旅游产业链的稳定性,提高西藏旅游业危机意识和防范危机的能力,增强整个旅游行业的"免疫力".     

旅游者形象感知影响因素及其对忠诚影响

旅游者形象感知是旅游消费行为和营销领域的一个研究重点与热点.文章构建了旅游者形象感知影响因素及其对忠诚影响的整合模型,通过对乡村旅游者调查获取丰富基础数据,验证它们之间的相互关系.研究发现,服务公平是旅游者形象感知的最重要影响因素,感知价值是旅游者形象感知的较重要影响因素,服务质量是旅游者形象感知的重要影响因素,而旅游者参与对旅游者形象感知没有显著影响;旅游者形象感知是旅游者忠诚的重要前置变量,对重游倾向、口碑宣传具有显著正向影响,对寻找替代旅游地具有显著负向影响.文章最后提出相应管理启示,指出了研究局限及未来研究方向.     

杭州市工业遗产旅游发展现状剖析

旅游业的竞争和工业遗产的出现,使得工业遗产旅游逐渐成为现实与理论的热点问题。本文以杭州市所整理的工业遗产为基础,列举了杭州市工业遗产的规模,并根据开发方向和吸引力,将工业遗产分为历史功能延续类、生产旧址类和建筑成就类三种类型,阐述了杭州市发展工业遗产旅游在数量和类型方面所具备的的资源优势。结合目前的形式,分析了杭州市在潜在客源、发展经验、地理布局、节庆活动、政策支持方面的优势,以及在感知形象、价值共识、企业意识、区域竞争等方面的挑战,进而对杭州市发展工业遗产旅游提出建议。     

澳大利亚文化旅游发展及其启示

20世纪末到21世纪初的10余年间,澳大利亚的文化旅游稳步发展,文化旅游目的地形象逐渐得到认可。从供给角度看,澳大利亚的文化旅游包括博物馆、美术馆、演出、节庆以及历史遗迹、遗产和土著遗迹,为推动文化旅游的发展,当地政府主导了一系列的研究项目和资助项目。澳大利亚的经验启示我们应进行务实的文化旅游研究,加大对文化产业的投入,政府应扶持与指导文化旅游发展。