On ‘creative cities’ governance models: a comparative approach

The implementation of ‘creative cities’ projects all over the world in recent years has been characterised by a great diversity of institutional frameworks and governance mechanisms.

Departing from the contemporary debates on ‘creative industries’ and ‘creative cities’, this article aims to discuss this diversity of regulatory mechanisms and forms of governance. Some tentative typologies of case studies and governance mechanisms are drawn in order to improve the understanding of those dynamics, to build up knowledge on suitable ‘creative cities’ governance models, and to develop ideas to support a strategy for public intervention in the Portuguese case.     

知识密集型服务企业人力资本融资模式与效率评价

知识密集型服务企业（ KIBS）是典型的“人力密集”与“创意密集”结合的产物,人力资本融资对于KIBS竞争优势的形成有着重要意义。以对外招聘为特征的“外源融资”和以人力资本发展基金提存为手段的“内源融资”,构成了KIBS企业人力资本融资的两大途径。根据人力资本与企业之间合约的动态演进,本文借鉴企业生命周期理论设计了融资效率动态评价体系,即在“初始交易期”侧重评价筹资效率,在“合约性使用期”、“合约临近结束期”与“交易终止期”侧重评价用资效率。     

黑龙江省资源型城市发展服务外包的路径选择及对策——以产业转型为视角

当前,服务业已逐渐成为引领区域经济增长和社会发展的重要驱动力量,把服务外包作为资源型城市产业结构转型的出发点和落脚点,对于资源型城市健康稳定发展意义重大。黑龙江省应当立足自身资源优势,鼓励资源型企业主动参与服务外包,营造良好的服务外包公共服务环境,树立资源型城市服务外包企业的品牌形象,提高影响力,提高外包人才培养针对性,鼓励校企合作,将服务外包培养成黑龙江省资源型城市发展的接续产业。     

湖北省地级市KIBS发展现状及预测

KIBS是国家创新系统的重要部分,担负着知识的交流、整合、创新的循环过程。近几年,湖北省地级市KIBS从业人员总数增加,KIBS增加值增加,问题是KIBS增加值的增长速度低于从业人数增长速度。其根本原因是KIBS从业人员的行业技能、专业知识不能满足KIBS发展的需求。提升知识密集型服务业的质量,湖北省政府不仅要创造环境和条件,及时出台促进KIBS行业发展的法律法规,鼓励龙头企业大力发展KIBS行业起模范带头作用,完善计算机软硬件设施,也要有对教育事业进行改革的决心,提升学生的素质和专业技术知识能力,为KIBS更好发展提供人才支撑。     

黑龙江省资源型城市服务业发展现状、问题及对策研究

服务业已逐渐成为国家或区域经济增长和发展的重要驱动力。在受到碳排放约束的背景下,大力发展服务业,推进资源型城市产业结构转型,对于实现资源型城市可持续发展具有重要的战略意义。以黑龙江省资源型城市为研究对象,从服务业产业规模、增长速度、经济贡献、竞争力、就业规模、支撑要素六个维度,对各资源型城市服务业发展状况进行分析。发现还存在服务产品交易成本较高,服务业社会化程度低、内部结构失衡,人才匮乏,居民消费水平较低等问题。提出根据城市不同特点,制定有针对性的发展策略,重点发展生产性服务业,发挥市场机制对服务业发展的决定作用等对策建议。     

中国城市农民工的公共治理与构建社会主义和谐社会

近几年,农民工问题成为国家和社会关注的热点。农民工促进了我国和谐社会的构建,推进了我国现代化进程的和谐发展。政府应切实解决好农民工工资偏低而且经常被拖欠的问题,解决农民工劳动安全条件差、缺乏社会保障等问题。贯彻公平对待、一视同仁、强化服务、完善管理。保护和调动农民工的积极性,促进我国新农村建设的和谐发展。     

Governance and growth of professional service firms

We argue that partnerships are the optimal governance structure for professional service firms (PSFs) based on our analysis of their need for collegial controls, the use of tacit knowledge, and an investigation of agency costs. However, these factors and the resulting choice of partnership as a governance structure constrain the ability of PSFs to successfully pursue growth strategies. In addition, their growth potential is further circumscribed by diversification limitations, as well as reputational and resource constraints.     

加快沿海发达城市现代服务业发展的战略研究

沿海发达城市作为我国沿海发达城市已率先步入工业化的中后期阶段,具备优先发展现代服务业的优势和条件。加快沿海发达城市现代服务业的发展,对沿海发达城市经济社会具有多重的战略意义。加快沿海发达城市现代服务业发展,重点在于制定符合自身实际的战略对策和支持政策。为此,必须把握好正确的战略原则,处理好重大战略关系,选择好战略途径;政府和企业自身均须采取相应措施、发挥各自作用,方能促进现代服务业的健康发展。     

KIBS 嵌入对中国制造业贸易竞争优势的促动效应

随着产业的不断分化和价值链的延长,知识密集型服务业(KIBS)嵌入对制造业的贸易竞争优势产生了至关重要的作用。本文通过面板矫正标准误差(PCSE)模型实证中国KIBS对制造业贸易竞争优势带来的复杂效应。从整体KIBS对中国制造业贸易竞争优势的促动效应看,KIBS只对技术密集型制造业具有较大的正面促动效应,对资本密集型制造业几乎没有影响,而对于劳动密集型制造业反而具有明显的负作用。从具体KIBS看,科学研究服务和信息通讯服务业对制造业贸易竞争优势具有明显的正向带动作用,金融服务业的发展对不同要素密集度制造业的贸易竞争优势具有非对称性的影响,而商务服务则对各种要素密集度制造业的贸易竞争优势都具有明显的负面影响。     

When do firms choose global cities as foreign investment locations within countries? The roles of contextual distance,knowledge intensity,and target-country experience

Foreign investors generally need to overcome a liability of foreignness stemming from contextual distance between their home country and the target country. We argue that they can limit that liability more easily by investing in a global city rather than elsewhere in the target country. Accordingly, we hypothesize that the contextual distance to a target country has a positive effect on a firm’s propensity to invest in a global city in that country. We also predict that this effect is stronger for investments in knowledge-intensive activities and weaker for investors with more target-country experience in general and target-country experience in global cities in particular. Our hypotheses receive considerable support in an analysis of 11,748 foreign greenfield investments by 1025 manufacturing and service firms during 2008–2012. Our findings suggest that global cities are superior subnational locations for gathering contextual knowledge about target countries and limiting the liability of foreignness.     

The role of intermediate demand and technology for international competitiveness of the KIBS sector: evidence from European Union countries

In this paper, it is tested whether intermediate consumption of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) in the economy and technology advancement in the KIBS sector (measured by R&D expenditures) affect the international competitiveness of a country's KIBS sector. First, the definition of KIBS trade, in light of the available data from the balance of payments statistics, is presented. Then, using a panel data set from the EU countries over the period 2000–2009, a panel cointegration approach to estimating the model is adopted. The empirical study shows that among the old EU countries only those with high income are competitive in KIBS exports. Estimation results demonstrate that their competitiveness in KIBS exports is positively determined by domestic and imported KIBS intensity in the economy, as well as by the KIBS sector's technology advancement. The new EU countries usually were not competitive in KIBS exports, and those which were successful in this field seem to have derived their success mainly from international outsourcing rather than from building their own capacities. Their competitiveness in KIBS exports was positively determined by the KIBS sector's endowment in human capital, or via domestic KIBS intensity in the economy together with lower labour costs.     

董事会治理效率:成因与特征研究——来自中国上市公司的数据

董事会是公司治理系统的核心 ,其运作效率对于公司业绩与持续发展具有决定性作用。本文提出了董事会治理的概念框架 ,并运用中国上市公司数据进行了实证研究 ,试图揭示董事会治理的效率成因与效率特征 ,为中国上市公司改善董事会治理提供经验参照。     

Advertiser Expectations of Agency Creative Product

ABSTRACT

The study reports the development and empirical testing of measures of advertiser expectations of agency produced creative product. This “applied creative,” professional, business-to-business service incorporates extensive process elements. Hence, two measurement models are developed: a traditional “unitary” model, and a dualistic model incorporating elements of process and outcome. The study demonstrates firstly that client expectations of this highly intangible, “applied creative” professional service can be empirically modelled, and secondly, that such measurement does exhibit dimensions of both outcome and process. This paves the way for subsequent modelling of consumer satisfaction or quality evaluation processes within this little explored service category.     

基于新公共服务理论的政府治理模式变革

政府存在的最大正当性在于为社会提供良好的服务。本文通过对新公共服务理论内容的介绍,吸收和借鉴新公共服务理论的核心思想,结合我国实际情况,对于如何建设具有中国特色的现代服务型政府提出了对策建议。     

探析文化创意产业园品牌构建的必要性——以杭州西溪文化创意产业园为例

随着文化创意产业的发展,世界各地的文化创意产业园也随之兴起,在我国也出现了＂文化创意产业园＂热。然而如何在同质化竞争中脱颖而出,文化创意产业园的品牌构建也势在必行。构建文化创意产业园的品牌,是文化创意产业激烈竞争的必然要求,是创意企业共享文化创意产业园品牌资产的需要,是满足创意阶层身份认同感的需要,甚至是塑造民族文化品牌的需要。     

城市群视角下“服务业与制造业”互动发展机制研究——以浙中城市群为例

文章在对城市群现代服务业与先进制造业互动发展进行理论考察的基础上,以浙中城市群为例,对城市群现代服务业与先进制造业互动发展机制进行了实证分析,并对提升城市群竞争力提出了相应的政策建议.     

Does innovativeness of knowledge-intensive business services differ from other industries?

This article seeks to determine whether the innovative capabilities of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) do actually differ from other industries through comparing the innovation capacities and financial performance of KIBS with firms operating in other sectors (non-KIBS). Based upon a 1000-firm sample, the results of our estimated econometric model demonstrate that non-KIBS firms are in possession of significantly greater innovation capacities than KIBS firms. These differences were observed across factors such as organisational process innovation, the launch of already existing products in new markets, branding and new product designs. Nevertheless, as regards the actual importance attributed to product/service innovation, KIBS firms place a greater comparative importance on innovation in comparison with their non-KIBS peers. In addition, the empirical evidences display a significantly different range of effects of innovation capacities on financial performance and concludes that non-KIBS firms turn in better comparative performances than specialist KIBS firms.     

基于 O2O 的我国服务业商业模式探讨

O2O 模式可以有效促进商业活动的开展,实现低成本接近高价值客户、低成本市场细化和产品多样化,通过服务差异化释放增值潜力。在服务业商业活动中应用这种模式需构建开放式平台,建设用户交易识别系统和用户消费凭证管理系统。O2O 模式在服务业中应用具有巨大的潜在商业价值,对于促进服务业运营模式的改革发展具有积极的作用。     

Knowledge-exchange strategies between KIBS firms and their clients

Based on a survey of 1124 knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) firms, this paper explores the extent and determinants of knowledge exchange between KIBS and their clients. An ordered logistic regression was estimated. The results show that the propensity of KIBS firms to rely more on a commoditization strategy and less on a personalization strategy increases with the variety of research sources of information, the number of knowledge employees, the variety of knowledge management practices, the firm's size, the business age, and being a KIBS firm operating in a technology-based industry rather than a traditional professional industry, while it decreases with R&D investments, the variety of advanced technologies, and the strength of ties.     

Introduction

SUMMARY

Since the beginning of the transition from centrally planned to market economy, the FDI outflows of the Russian Federation have consistently exceeded the inflows. In the 1990s, most of the outflows were of an informal nature, and unregistered in the balance of payments, or misregistered under other items. Since 2003, their recording has improved. However, the question remains: how can a lower-middle income country become a net capital exporter? It is supposed to be the combined result of economic and political factors such as the economic and business environment, still deemed to be difficult. The fact that the ‘oligarchy’ created under the presidency of Boris Yeltsin (1991-1999) continues to control large parts of the privatized natural resources of the country also stimulated capital exporting behavior. With the political changes currently taking place, only a limited increase in the influence of the State is expected to happen. Moreover, the strategic interest of Russian firms to control their vertical value chains through outward FDI is expected to remain in the longer term.