Efficiency and total factor productivity change of Malaysian commercial banks

This paper analyses the efficiency of Malaysian commercial banks between 1996 and 2002 and finds that while the East Asian financial crisis caused a short-term increase in efficiency in 1998 primarily due to cost-cutting, increases in non-performing loans after the crisis caused a more sustained decline in bank efficiency. It is also found that mergers, fully Islamic banks, and conventional banks operating Islamic banking windows are all associated with lower efficiency. The paper estimates suggest mild decreasing returns to scale, and an average productivity change of 2.37% that is primarily attributable to technical change, which has nonetheless declined over time. Finally, while Islamic banks have been moderately successful in developing new products and technologies, the results suggest that the potential for Islamic banks to overcome their relative inefficiency is limited.     

Efficiency and capital adequacy in Taiwan banking: BCC and super-DEA estimation

In this study the researchers adopt two DEA methods – Banker-Charnes-Cooper and Super Efficiency – to investigate whether a bank's technical efficiency is significantly different when capital adequacy (risk) is specified compared with when capital adequacy (risk) is not specified. The information is obtained from 46 Taiwanese banks for the period 2000 to 2002. The Malmquist total factor productivity (TFP) index is employed to measure the impact of productivity change on the panel data. The empirical results from the DEA approach are summarized as follows: (1) Capital adequacy is proven to be an influential factor in evaluating the efficiency of banks. (2) The average efficiency scores of banks with high capital adequacy (>8%) are significantly higher than those of banks with lower capital adequacy (<8%). (3) The efficiency scores of banks with high risk capital requirement (above the average) are higher than those of banks with lower risk capital requirement (under the average). (4) Banks with both high capital adequacy and high risk capital requirement are superior in performance than all the other banks, while banks with both low capital adequacy and low-risk capital requirement performance are the worst by contrast. (5) Based on the Malmquist total TFP index, we find that bank productivity has not increased.     

新疆城市经济增长中的全要素生产率的实证分析——基于非参数Malmquist指数方法

城市是区域发展的核心,城市经济增长对带动周边地区经济发展有至关重要的作用.运用2004-2007年新疆主要城市的面板数据(paneldata),采用非参数Malmquist指数方法,分析新疆城市经济增长过程中全要素生产率的变动状况,并将其进一步分解为技术效率和技术进步.研究结果表明,要提高新疆全要素生产率水平,需要同时重视技术效率和技术进步水平的提高.单独依靠一个方面,全要素生产率的增长将是有限的.因此,采取有效城市规划,实现全要素生产率的较快增长.     

Dynamics of Islamic Financing in Malaysia: Causality and Innovation Accounting

This article addresses the underresearched issues of marketing challenges and business strategies/models for emerging markets. It suggests that firms need to fundamentally rethink their business models and marketing policies for emerging markets. Although strategies focusing on product affordability and availability are necessary, identification of niche market segments and making clear choices about which segments to pursue, with what value propositions will promote great success. Moreover, strategic flexibility, local sourcing, engagement of nontraditional partners, and local entrepreneurship will be important factors for successful pursuit of the emerging markets.     

基于Hicks-Moorsteen指数方法的中国服务业TFP分解——以东部九省为例

采用Hicks-Moorsteen指数方法估算了1978—2002年中国东部九省服务业全要素生产率(Total Factor Productivity,TFP)的增长情况,并将其分解为技术进步和技术效率,结果发现,中国服务业TFP的平均增长率为10.64%,主要原因是技术进步水平的提高,技术效率的贡献率明显偏低,但不同时期技术进步和技术效率对中国服务业TFP增长的贡献存在一定差异。中国服务业TFP的快速增长需要技术进步与技术效率的共同提高,积极推进和深化服务业的市场化改革尤为重要。     

中国商业银行全要素生产率测度及其影响因素分析

文章利用Malmquist生产率指数测算了中国14家商业银行2000-2006年的全要素生产率、技术效率和技术变化,并构建Panel Data模型对影响中国商业银行效率的因素进行实证检验.结果表明,2000-2006年中国商业银行全要素生产率平均增长率为4.88%,其主要来源于技术进步的作用,国有商业银行全要素生产率增长比股份制商业银行高,ATM与POS投资对中国商业银行全要素生产率有显著正影响,自有资本比例有利于改善商业银行生产效率,而存贷款比例、规模、资产费用率与商业银行生产效率提高没有显著联系.     

Impact of marketing activities on relationship quality in the Malaysian banking sector

The current study investigates the impact of marketing activities on relationship quality in the Malaysian banking sector. Analysis of survey results show that greater client and employees' relational orientation yields higher relationship quality and results in better relationship continuity. Results also show that committed client relationships lead to client satisfaction, loyalty, positive word of mouth and promotion However, mutual disclosure was found to have no significant relationship with relationship quality.This may indicate that bank customers in Malaysia do not feel that having close relationships with the bank will have any positive impact on relationship quality. This particular finding may serve as a warning signal to practitioners and scholars alike that thorough research must be carried out on the use of relationship marketing prior to implementation.     

Assessing the Dimensionality of Business Success: The Perspectives of Malaysian SME Owner-Managers

Realizing that the measurement of success in the context of small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) is somewhat disparaging, this study aims to validate the business success construct based on the perspectives of SME founder-managers in the Malaysian context. Following a data collection of a sample of 212 SME founder-managers, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine the factorial validity of the success measure and to assess its goodness of fit. The result indicates that business success is a four-factor structure, reflecting in (a) satisfaction with financial performance, (b) satisfaction with non-financial performance, (c) performance relative to competitors, and (d) business growth.     

不良贷款约束下中国农村商业银行生产率增长及收敛性研究

基于全域生产可能性集合,文章构建全域Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数,测度了2008-2013年不良贷款约束下中国农村商业银行全要素生产率及其分解,并对其收敛性进行检验。研究发现:整体来说,中国农村商业银行全要素生产率略有下降,主要来源于技术退步,东部地区农商行生产率变化轨迹呈"V"形,而中西部地区农商行生产率变化轨迹呈倒"V"形;产权制度改革对技术效率具有一定促进作用,而货币政策、新监管标准以及产业转型政策对技术变化具有负面影响;中国农村商业银行的全要素生产率存在绝对和条件β收敛,中间业务技术含量和实际GDP增长率的提高能有效促进中国农村商业银行生产率增长。     

The role of customer online brand experience in customers' intention to forward online company-generated content: The case of the Islamic online banking sector in Palestine

The purpose of this study is twofold: Firstly, to assess the impact of customer online brand experience (COBE) with online banking on customer's intention to forward online company-generated content (CGC). Secondly, to explore the role of online brand community engagement (OBCE) and the perceived trust of brand community page (BCP) as mediating variables between COBE and the intention to forward online CGC. This research conducted an online survey among various Islamic bank customers in Palestine who were members of online brand communities (fan pages) on Facebook. 375 valid responses were collected and results revealed that COBE exerts a dual influence on intention to forward CGC. This study is a pioneering empirical research on the role of OBCE in customers' intention to forward online CGC within the fast-growing Islamic banking industry. This study contributes to fill this research gap by assessing the effect of COBE on OBCE and intention to forward online CGC within the context of the Islamic online banking sector in Palestine. In this sense, this study is a first-of-its-kind research on the role of experience on customer engagement with regard to online brand communities of Islamic banks.     

The role of customer satisfaction in enhancing customer loyalty in Malaysian Islamic banks

This study examines the role of customer satisfaction in enhancing the loyalty of Muslim and non-Muslim customers in the Malaysian Islamic banking industry. Respondents are the customers (Muslim and non-Muslim customers) visiting the bank counters and have an account with Islamic banks. A total of 660 questionnaires were distributed, and 440 were returned. The results indicate that customer satisfaction has a statistically significant positive effect on customer loyalty and intentions to switch for Muslim and non-Muslim customers. However, there were significant differences in the effects of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty and intention to switch for Muslim and non-Muslim customers. The effect of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty and intention to switch is greater for the non-Muslim than the Muslim customers.     

Islamic business scorecard and the screening of Islamic businesses in a cross‐country setting

Screening of shari'ah compliant firms is incomplete without the inclusion of ethical and social responsibilities. The existing “activity screen” does not directly capture the ethical and social footprints of firms. The purpose of this study is to create and test an Islamic business scorecard that combines activity, ethical, and social responsibilities that Islamic businesses must comply with. This new Islamic business scorecard replaces the existing activity screens and is added to the financial screens to create an integrated business screening mechanism to identify shari'ah compliant firms. This study utilizes data from a sample of 410 shari'ah compliant companies listed with stock exchanges in Malaysia, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. Out of the five newly developed constructs of the Islamic business scorecard, the results indicate Islamic firms are less committed to social responsibilities and tend to push forward economic responsibilities that focus on profitability and growth. Of the three countries, this study reports Malaysian firms have the highest compliance scores, while Bangladesh displays characteristics of the “next‐big shari'ah destination”. Financial screens are more important than the Islamic business scorecard for firms in the construction, industrial, technology, and trading/services sectors. Because of its connection with the economic, ethical, and social dimensions, the scorecard helps to identify the true nature of shari'ah compliance as a useful decision tool for investors and policymakers.     

Islamic legal methodologies and Shariah screening standards: Application in the Indonesian stock market

This article provides a framework for applying the principles of Islamic legal methodology to determine the optimal Shariah screening standards for Islamic equity markets. It is argued that using maslahah mursalah (unrestricted benefit) is an appropriate method for identifying appropriate financial standards and its principles stipulate that the benchmark that yields the best economic returns to investors should be chosen. The methodological framework is applied to the Indonesia equity market where the economic implications of the Islamic stock screening standards of the Indonesian Islamic Shariah Stock Index and four global indices are assessed. Portfolios are constructed by applying Islamic stock screening standards for each of the indices by using data on 377 stocks listed in the Indonesian stock market for 5 years. The performances measured by the Sharpe ratio, Treynor index, and Jensen alpha reveal that the Dow Jones Islamic Index screening criteria performs the best. Based on the method of maslahah mursalah, the article recommends using the screening standard of this index in the Indonesian stock market to maximize benefits to investors. While the approach used in this article is applied to Islamic equity markets, the methodological framework can also be used for other similar cases in Islamic finance.     

生产性服务业集聚对绿色全要素生产率的影响——基于不同集聚视角下面板门槛模型的实证分析

基于产业集聚的理论研究和绿色发展的环境诉求,本文以2004-2016年中国30个省(市)的绿色全要素生产率为研究样本,运用面板门槛模型探讨供给侧视角下生产性服务业集聚对绿色全要素生产率的影响,从专业化集聚和多样化集聚角度证实了生产性服务业集聚对绿色全要素生产率存在结构突变效应,并鉴于内部细分行业集聚特征展开进一步探讨。结果表明:在不同集聚视角下,能源强度、经济发展水平对绿色全要素生产率存在不同程度的门槛效应;就全国层面,专业化集聚对绿色全要素生产率具有一定程度上的抑制作用,多样化集聚表现出较明显的促进作用;就行业层面,细分行业专业化集聚存在明显的行业异质性特征,金融业是提升绿色全要素生产率的重点行业。     

黑龙江垦区粮食全要素生产率分析

本文运用数据包络分析-曼奎斯特指数法,对黑龙江垦区粮食生产全要素生产率予以度量,从时间变迁、地域分布与个体差异层面分析黑龙江垦区粮食生产技术资本深化的态势,认为提高黑龙江垦区持续稳定的粮食增产能力,应从制度设计创新和激励机制创新的角度,寻求促进粮食生产全要素生产率增长的突破口,走适度规模经营与技术进步相结合的道路。     

Malaysian investors in the Indonesian oil palm plantation sector: home state facilitation and transboundary haze

This paper analyses the regionalization of Malaysian oil palm plantation firms into Indonesia. These firms have been implicated in starting fires to clear land for planting, which has resulted in transboundary haze. This paper argues that these Malaysian investors have been able to burn with impunity, despite the dire consequences of haze on their home country, because of the close patronage relationships and vested interests of the Malaysian government elites in these companies. Because of this, the home government is inclined to protect and defend the actions of these firms in Indonesia against such allegations, while the Malaysian public continues to suffer the haze.     

我国生产率测算与经济潜在增长率预测研究

生产率是影响一国参与全球竞争的关键要素。本文基于全周期和子周期两种视角,利用C-D生产函数对我国生产率进行测算并预测了未来的经济潜在增长率,研究结果显示:21世纪以来,我国全要素生产率呈现下降趋势,但对经济的贡献率仍处于较高水平,经济呈现科技与资本双轮驱动特征;未来我国将跨越上中等收入阶段,步入高收入国家行列;预测结果显示:2036-2050年间我国经济增长主要靠全要素生产率拉动,经济增长动力的有效转换,将更加接近党的十九大提出的"两阶段"战略目标,更加适应新时代下的高质量发展需求。     

广东省海洋战略性新兴产业全要素生产率实证分析

本文对2001~2009年广东省海洋战略性新兴产业绩效进行了实证分析。根据广东和浙江两省海洋新兴产业投入产出面板数据,基于DEA的malmquist生产率指数法对全要素生产率进行测算和分解。结果表明：9年来广东省海洋战略性新兴产业全要素生产率总体下降,而同期浙江省出现上升,代表创新效应的技术变化指数两省均出现上升,代表追赶效应的技术效率指数广东省出现下降;广东技术效率下降的原因是纯技术效率（管理效率）和规模效率均出现下降;广东战略性海洋新兴产业处于规模报酬递增阶段。     

金融控股公司背景银行的经营绩效研究

金融控股公司是商业银行混业经营的一种有效组织模式。当前各种尚不规范的金融控股公司已成为我国金融业新的组成部分。利用随机边界生产模型比较分析我国金融控股公司背景银行与非金融控股公司背景银行的总要素生产力(TFP),并根据银行盈利能力的评价原则探讨其盈利能力差异的结果表明:近年来,我国银行业总要素生产力的增长率小幅下降,其中,金融控股公司背景银行的TFP增长率呈上升趋势,而非金融控股公司背景银行的TFP大多为负增长;金融控股公司背景银行的盈利能力也明显优于非金融控股公司背景的银行。     

Measuring the road safety performance of Iranian provinces: a double-frontier DEA model and evidential reasoning approach

Abstract

Road traffic accidents are critical public issue in developing countries, and they annually waste a significant amount of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In order to urgently consider how this problem is related to the current policies, a proper safety evaluation of regional programmes in crash reduction is fundamental to the governments. The current research aims to employ a double-frontier Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model to assess the productivity of Iranian regional safety programmes in reducing the number of road fatalities. The safety efficiencies of Iranian provinces are simultaneously estimated using the double frontier DEA to reflect both the optimistic and pessimistic points of view. Then, the Evidential Reasoning (ER) approach is applied to aggregate the obtained efficiency values. These provinces are ranked based on the data panel for 2014–2016. Finally, a double-frontier Malmquist productivity index (MPI) is used to comprehensively measure the safety performance of Iranian roads over a period of time.