金融服务贸易自由化及我国的对策

我国加入世贸组织以来,对外贸易取得了快速发展,但相对于我国的货物贸易来讲,服务贸易中的金融服务和保险服务的发展状况与对外贸易总的发展状况不相符,已成为制约我国服务贸易发展的重要因素。我国应争取在WTO框架内更好地发展金融服务,有效利用世贸组织关于金融服务的相关规定,对金融和保险等产业进行保护,政府应积极介入,改变经营战略,有效监管,以确保金融市场的平衡发展。     

关于我国金融服务贸易开放性测度的分析

本文主要围绕我国金融服务贸易的开放性问题进行重点讨论,通过贸易依存度和对外直接投资开放度两个指标来实证分析,发现金融服务业尽管在一定程度上实现了市场开放的突破,但整体上仍呈现审慎的态势,并没有十分激进的表现,开放性还是处在较低的水平.     

International trade in services: A portrait of importers and exporters

We provide a novel set of stylized facts on firms engaging in international trade in services, using unique data on firm-level exports and imports from the world's second largest services exporter, the United Kingdom (UK). We show that only a fraction of UK firms engage in international trade in services, that trade participation varies widely across industries and that service traders are different from non-traders in terms of size, productivity and other firm characteristics. We also provide detailed evidence on the trading patterns of service exporters and importers, such as the number of markets served, the value of exports and imports per market and the share of individual markets in overall sales. We interpret these facts in the light of existing theories of international trade in services and goods. Our results demonstrate that firm-level heterogeneity is a key feature of services trade. Also, we find many similarities between services and goods trade at the firm level and conclude that existing heterogeneous firm models for goods trade will be a good starting point for explaining trade in services as well.     

我国服务业产业内贸易浅析

纵观改革开放30多年来,我国服务贸易总体表现出总量增长与连年逆差并存,贸易结构以传统劳动密集型为主,竞争力总体较弱三大特点.在此基础之上,通过计算我国服务业产业内贸易GL指数,可知我国服务业基本处于高产业内贸易水平,但产业内贸易仍以劳动密集型行业为主;而如保险服务等资本技术密集型行业则以产业间贸易为主.     

International trade in waste materials

The general public views international trade in waste materials overwhelmingly with disfavour. Is this negative attitude justified? Professor Hackmann offers an allocative and an ethical assessment of this question.     

Liberalization strategies for free trade in services

Trade in services is being dealt with in GATT negotiations for the first time in the present Uruguay Round. The discussion on the proper liberalization instrument to be applied to trade in services is highly controversial. This paper attempts to clarify the discussion and outline rational policy options.     

Firm heterogeneity and international trade in services

This study, using panel data on Japanese firms, analyses the relationship between services trade and firm heterogeneity. It finds that the number of firms engaged in services trade is far less than that engaged in goods trade. Further, the productivity of services traders is higher than that of domestic firms and goods trading firms, whereas the productivity of firms that export services beyond the boundary of their firm groups is higher than that of those that export services only to their affiliate firms. These results suggest that only productive firms can engage in services trade by incurring the relatively large fixed costs.     

探讨外贸企业财务风险与特点

随着全球经济一体化的发展,我国企业迎来了更广阔的发展空间,但也面临着更大的挑战,其风险管理能力亟待提高.我国外贸企业不仅要面对一般内贸企业所具有的各项生产经营风险,还要承受国际市场关税和非关税壁垒、订单减少、国外需求降低、人民币升值等风险因素的冲击.基于此,全文针对当前我国外贸企业财务风险和特点进行分析,希望对外贸企业财务管理有借鉴意义.     

Direct marketing in the financial services industry

This article presents empirical research findings on the use of direct marketing by a representative sample of UK financial services institutions. A number of similarities and differences between banks, building societies and insurance companies are identified in relation to direct marketing programmes and the use of particular direct marketing techniques. While acknowledging some exceptions the research concludes that there is scope for a greater appreciation of the strategic value and workings of direct marketing. Institutions could usefully focus attention on achieving fuller integration of direct marketing with other marketing and communication activities and securing improvements in testing, database quality and timing.     

Co-production and customer loyalty in financial services

Recent developments in marketing thought and practice highlight the opportunities that co-production of services provide for creating customer value. The authors propose a model of co-production with which they investigate the links between co-production and customer loyalty and the factors likely to increase the level of co-production in a financial services context, with support from an investigation in the medical services context. Further, the authors consider the relationships of customer expertise, customer–advisor communication, customer affective commitment, and interactional justice with the level of co-production. On the basis of testing with a sample of 1,197 customers of a large multinational financial services organization and 100 patients of medical services, the model is partially supported. Therefore, the authors suggest that co-production may have an important role as a basis for competition in the financial services industry.     

金融业:见龙在田

根据我国政府的承诺,在今后五年时间内,金融服务业将逐步全面开放。在日前召开的第6届世界华商大会上,戴相龙行长介绍了入世后金融开放日程表。以银行业为例,在业务范围准入方面,加入 WTO 当年,允许外国银行向中资企业和居民个人办理外币业务。两年内,允许外资银行经营中资企业的人民币业务;5年内,允许外资银行办理城乡居民人民币业务。在地域准入方面,加入 WTO 后,中国将每年增加一定数量城市向外资银行开放人民币业务,5年后对外资银行办理人民币业务不再有地域限制。我国金融服务业长期受到政策的保护,内部改革又受到各种体制的束缚,尚未完全适应市场化运作,与外国很多银行相比还存在着"治理结构不完善、不良资产数量庞大、资本充足率水平低、资产流动性不强、服务品种手段单一、服务方法和水平比较落后及盈利不高"等问题。因此加入 WTO,金融业务的逐步开放无疑会使我     

Determinants of ex-customer winback in financial services

Financial services play important roles in consumers' lives, and switching providers is a relatively onerous task, but customers often terminate their relationships with a provider. How can a provider best regain lost customers, and what are the determinants of ex-customer winback? Using data from a financial services provider, this research examines 11 factors occurring before, during and after a termination, to study their influence on consumers' propensity to revive a relationship with a previously abandoned service provider. The results indicate that income and variety-seeking preferences are negatively correlated with a customer's likelihood of considering the former brand in the future. Positive associations and evaluations of the former brand are positively correlated with the winback potential. The results can guide managers of financial service providers as to the most significant factors to be analysed in estimating the chances of winning back a lost customer.     

Internationalization of financial services in turbulent markets

Two significant features during the post-war period have been an increasing internationalization of economic activities and a growing role for financial services in the world economy. Considerable attention has been devoted to both these features separately, while attention to the internationalization of financial service firms has been more limited. Even more limited have been the efforts to combine this work with studies of the influence of market turbulence on financial service firms. The present special issue is an attempt to provide a remedy to this state of affairs. In this introduction we first provide a background to the topic. We then give a brief summary of the characteristics of financial services as well as a short review of extant literature, before presenting the six papers that make up the issue and providing some conclusions.     

东盟物流服务的贸易友好度

在广义上,贸易友好度包括海关与监管环境的透明度和专业度,贸易标准的统一化,以及对国际或区域法规的遵从度。就物流服务而言,贸易友好度主要受国境上的监管和非监管壁垒限制,与关税和非关税壁垒联系不大。东盟也试图形成一个像欧盟一样的自     

Strategic alliances by financial services firms

We examine a sample of strategic alliances made by financial services firms during 1986 to 2003. The market reacts positively to the announcements of alliances and seems to incorporate the information about the value of alliances at the time of alliance announcements. We find no evidence of abnormal stock performance after announcements. Our results also suggest that strategic alliances usually are used as a final form of cooperation rather than as a first step towards closer cooperation between firms. For instance, only about 5% of alliances are followed with joint ventures or mergers of partner firms. Nevertheless, strategic alliance firms are more likely to form joint ventures or merge than randomly selected and matched firms. Furthermore, the market reacts more favorably to the alliance announcements by firms that are subsequently acquired by the alliance partners.