代理成本理论综述及其对我国的借鉴意义

在现代公司制度中,由于公司所有权和控制权的两权分离,股东和管理当局的利益函数和收益函数并不完全一致由此产生了代理问题。在经济学中,代理成本被定义为由于代理关系中两个利益主体目标上的差距而诱发的损失或代价。本文从契约理论和交易成本经济学开始对代理成本问题做一个理论综述,然后探讨其对我国的国有上市公司治理的借鉴意义。     

国际软件外包发包商绩效的实证研究

软件外包在过去二十年的发展引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。本文用定量研究的方法,对国际软件外包中接包商外包绩效的影响因素做实证研究。研究结果表明,在软件外包中,交流成本与接包商的外包绩效负相关,而接包商的规模、声誉、价格优势以及专业能力都与接包商的外包绩效正相关。研究的结果有助于我们认识中国和印度软件外包发展的差距,同时从理论和管理实践上为中国的软件外包发展提出建设性意见。     

PPP与政府购买服务的比较研究

PPP与政府购买服务推行中存在的异化和泛化源于实践上的理解偏差和制度框架的不完善。为此,回顾二者的演化过程,并结合相关概念和政策分析可以系统梳理二者之间的联系与区别。PPP和政府购买服务是我国公共管理改革中两个相对独立的体系,分别导向基础设施市场化和公共服务社会化。为了实现二者承载的治理目标,需要建立统一的政府采购管理框架、完善PPP综合协调机制并促进社会组织发展。     

The ties that bind: Buyer-supplier relations in the construction industry

This study considers the consequences of Inter Organisational relations at two levels: the micro level of the individual, and the macro level of the organisation. Merging Transaction Cost Economics with theories on the Social Embeddedness of relations, the paper tackles several hypotheses about problems in buyer–supplier relations. We amend the general hypothesis, as has been put forward by other researchers, that having a common past in combination with an expected common future in business will reduce the likelihood that problems and conflicts occur. Our focus lies on whether this shared past and future can preclude problems better when the organisational relations are at the micro level. Our analyses of survey data from 448 contractor–subcontractor relations from the contractor's perspective in the construction industry reveal mixed support for effects of a shared past or future. We hardly find any of the expected positive effects of a shared past on supplier performance. However, we do find support for the hypothesis that a larger likelihood of future business with the same business partner has a stronger (negative) effect on the occurrence of problems if the expected future business is at the level of individuals (instead of at the level of organisations).     

新公共服务视角下的服务型政府建设——以珠海金湾区政府为例

文章总结了新公共服务理论的背景与核心理念,分析当前珠海市金湾区服务型政府建设的基本情况以及在建设过程中所存在的问题,提出了新公共服务视角下金湾区服务型政府建设的对策。     

Placing the Effect? Gleaning Insights into the Relationship between Citizens’ Use of E-Government and Trust in Government

The effects of e-government on citizens’ trust in government are unclear. This study intends to address this lack of clarity by proposing a novel conceptual framework that can be used to explicate the processes tying e-government use to trust in government. This framework is centred upon citizens’ propensity to trust, perceptions of public sector performance, and trust in government. Citizens’ use of e-government is then argued to strengthen relationships in this framework. The validity of this framework is tested using data collected in 2012 from citizens of Seoul, South Korea. In general, the results offer partial support for the proposed framework. However, the strength of e-government’s influence decreases with more frequent use of information coming from government websites. Implications for effective practice are discussed.     

公众参与对政府审计腐败治理效果的影响研究——基于国家治理视角的实证分析

十九大报告中提出打造共建共治共享的社会治理格局,其中公众参与是重要的组成部分。事实上,我国政府一直以来都在强调公众参与在社会主义民主政治体系中的作用,尤其在反腐败以及国家监督领域。基于此,选择国家监督体系中的政府审计对腐败的治理作为研究情境,以验证现阶段公众参与在其中的作用。实证检验结果发现：相对于公众参与程度低的地区,在公众参与程度高的地区,政府审计的预防功能和抵御功能能够更好地发挥腐败治理作用,而政府审计揭示功能对腐败的治理作用在两组之间并无区别。     

Why firms adopt empowerment practices and how such practices affect firm performance? A transaction cost-exchange perspective

Complementing the current management literature's focus on the value-creation side of empowerment practices, this paper offers a transaction cost-exchange perspective to explain why firms adopt empowerment practices and how such practices affect firm performance. Specifically, we theorize how performance ambiguity and human asset specificity, two major characteristics of employee-employer exchange, shape firms' decisions to adopt empowerment practices, both independently and interactively. Our model also develops a contingency perspective of how empowerment practices affect firm performance by delineating the moderating role of empowerment practices in the relationship between employee-employer exchange characteristics and firm performance.     

论政府绩效审计的应用模式

政府绩效审计应用模式可以按照绩效评价的层次确定,不同层次的绩效评价即审计评价的对象不同决定着审计的内容、方法、程序等一系列要素的组合不同,从而形成不同的绩效审计模式。政府绩效审计应用模式可以分为公共部门绩效审计、公共项目绩效审计、公共资源绩效审计模式。三种审计模式有共同特征但也存在差异。     

Assessing the contingent effects of collaboration on agility performance in buyer–supplier relationships

Several studies in the buyer–supplier relationship literature have addressed the impact of collaboration on agility performance. While some studies have concluded that collaboration leads to beneficial effects, others have questioned the positive effects of collaboration on relationship performance. Drawing on contingency theory and transaction cost economics (TCE), we seek to better understand the linkage among collaboration, trust and agility performance in a buyer–supplier relationship. Further, we study the contingent influence of requirements certainty and supplier asset specificity, two key TCE constructs in buyer–supplier relationships, on the collaboration–agility performance relationship. We show that while trust mediates the impact of collaboration on agility performance, the indirect effect of collaboration on agility performance via trust is significant only beyond a threshold level of collaboration. The theoretical implication of this result is that the performance relationship is non-linear, a result that has not been recognized in current literature. The practical implication is that organizations need to establish a certain level of collaboration before its positive impact can be realized. In addition, we show that the impact of collaboration on agility performance in buyer–supplier sourcing relationships can be positive, negative or neutral depending on the levels of trust, supplier asset specificity and requirements certainty, emphasizing the need to develop contingency theories.     

对构建国家审计理论体系的思考

从研究的指导性和原则性方面对国家审计理论体系进行探讨后发现,国家审计理论既要体现出一般审计理论的普遍性要求,又要具有国家审计理论的特殊性;国家审计理论体系应具有一定的逻辑结构和层次;国家审计理论基础应以政治学为主体;国家审计基础理论研究应求同存异以利于研究的深化;国家审计应用理论应注重体系化研究。     

政府成本管理：理论分析与模式创新

政府成本管理包括政府成本管理技术、政府成本管理技术实施基础条件与政府成本管理模式三个层次,这三个层次之间存在一定的内在逻辑联系.现有政府成本管理技术实施基础条件在政府成本计算对象确定、政府成本抉择、政府成本管理权限和政府成本信息等方面面临各种技术性障碍,这使得直接成本管理模式成为现有政府成本管理模式的必然选择.现有政府成本管理模式暴露出成本管理信息与控制权分离、委托代理问题严重、控制成本高和控制效率低等缺陷,由此提出以建立间接成本管理模式作为政府成本管理发展的最终目标,并对间接政府成本管理模式的构建进行了探讨.     

国家审计治理有助于补齐公共服务供给短板吗？

利用动态空间杜宾模型探讨了国家审计治理对地方公共服务供给的影响及其空间效应。结果显示,国家审计治理不仅在短期和长期有助于提高本市公共服务供给水平,而且能够缩小本市与高公共服务供给城市的公共服务供给缺口,且长期效应大于短期;但国家审计治理能力提升对周边城市公共服务供给水平和供给缺口却产生了显著为负的空间外溢效应。进一步研究发现,国家审计有助于提高本市及周边城市教育类和交通运输类公共服务的供给水平;而对于医疗卫生类和环境保护类公共服务来说,国家审计尽管有效降低了本市供给缺口,但却对周边城市产生了放大效应;国家审计治理有助于缩小本市能源资源基础设施类公共服务的供给缺口,但未对周边城市产生明显外溢效应。与省际城市间公共服务供给相比,国家审计治理功能的充分发挥对同一省份内部城市间公共服务供给缺口具有更大的影响效果以及更强的空间外溢效应。