Government and governance: The value of project management in the public sector

Governance is an emerging theme that has been associated in the public sector with a real political need to satisfy stakeholders by demonstrating accountability and transparency while effectively implementing policy. Many initiatives relating to governance are generated by a need for improvement of organizational performance and ability to implement and adapt to change. These generally take the form of projects and programs encouraging a variety of project management implementations in the public sector. This article reports on examination of the expectations and realization of value from investment in project management in four Australian public‐sector organizations with particular reference to the government context, the perspective of public value management (PVM), and the support that project management provides in meeting the demands of public‐sector governance.     

关于构建基层社会治理新格局的几点思考

党的十九届四中全会提出了构建基层社会治理新格局的重大部署。构建基层社会治理新格局必须充分发挥党委核心和政府负责双管齐下的作用,充分带动社会团体与人民群众的参与,在科技引领和法治保障下,不断加强和创新社会的基层治理。十九届四中全会已经为新时代社会治理新格局指明了前进方向,各基层组织一定要着眼于现在、立足未来,为基层社会治理贡献应有的力量。     

State–third Sector Partnerships: A short overview of key issues in the debate

Abstract

The theme of partnership with the third sector has been on the agenda of public management research for a long time now, not least in this journal. As an introduction to a special issue on this topic, the article discusses two issues crucial to further study of this phenomenon. The first on the types or categories that can be distinguished when comparing these partnerships between countries or policy fields; the second how recent public management reforms (especially of the New Public Management variety) have affected the nature of third sector organizations and their role in relation to the state.     

Is best practice in development still viable? The case of financial management in fragile Afghanistan

The concept of best practice has few friends in international development; however, the wholesale rejection of best practice is incorrect. The article first reviews the critique of best practice by describing its four main features and analyses it through a case study of public financial management (PFM) in Afghanistan country using three donor-funded projects that employ a best practice approach. The PFM projects are evaluated based on the four components of the critique. The article concludes with a modest reassessment of the continued salience of best practice in international development.     

Accounting for Administrative Change in Three Asia-Pacific States

The New Public Management (NPM) appears to be of universal applicability. However, if examined on a country-by-country basis we can observe considerable variations. This article surveys public management change in three Asia-Pacific countries and contends that even in countries that share similar characteristics, in this case, British post-colonial bureaucracies, there is little uniformity. We might assume that administrative change is the result of the attraction of NPM to élites who shop around the international market for ideas, but this is a gross oversimplification. However, the apparent internation alization of NPM appears to be driven by policy transfer activity. The survey of public management in these countries reveals that although the policy transfer approach is difficult to apply empirically, it is worth pursuing as it strips away the appeal of NPM. Although in each of these countries, it is difficult to argue with any conviction that policy has been transferred from another country, a number of adaptations and ideas have been utilized by bureaucratic élites. Policy transfer is a more subtle process, and more ‘context sensitive’ than we might first assume. Even where a policy developed elsewhere can be demonstrated to be successful, its transfer to another country is less than, straightforward and often it is the rhetoric, rather than the substance, that is adopted.     

社会资本视角下的社区治理

社区和谐是社会和谐的微观基础,构建和谐社会应该从社区治理入手.社区居民之间普遍的信任、互惠的规范和通过社区组织所建立起来的致密的社会参与网络构成了社区社会资本,它们既是社区治理的基础,也是实现社区发展和社会和谐的社会资源.因而我们有必要培育作为社会资本的认同感、人际互信、平等交换规范和公民参与网络,以推进社区治理与社会和谐.     

国家审计在腐败治理系统框架中的功能——以匈牙利为例

国家治理是一个有机的系统。国家审计作为该系统中的重要组成要素发挥着特殊的功能。腐败是滥用公共权力侵占公共资源为个人谋取私利的行为。作为国家治理的主要内容,腐败治理离不开国家审计。以匈牙利构建其国家腐败治理系统的框架为例,分析国家审计在其中的功能定位、作用原理以及具体表现,能为我国国家审计在国家治理中充分发挥腐败治理的功能提供有价值的启示和建议。     

社区治理模式改革探索——基于新公共管理理论

现有的治理理论无法为政府主导型的社区模式改革提供具体的实施途径,我国社区治理失灵的现象比比皆是。新公共管理中政府再造原则、战略与工具为我国社区管理改革提供了可以借鉴的模式,即获得授权的社区、居民驱使的社区、协作型社区、企业型社区与竞争型社区。     

Successful programs wanted: Exploring the impact of alignment

Alignment between formulation and implementation of business strategy can be important for achieving successful programs. The authors have explored the development of a program management alignment theory. Statistical testing showed that interaction between the study model variables was found to be multidimensional, complex, and subtle in influence. Thus, the authors conclude that programs have both deliberate and emergent strategies requiring design and management to be organized as complex adaptive systems. Program life‐cycle phases of design and transition were often formed from an unclear and confusing strategic picture at the outset, which can make those phases difficult to control. Learning was established as an underlying challenge. The study model demonstrated continuous alignment as an essential attribute contributing toward successful delivery. This requires program design and structure to adopt an adaptive posture.     

西方社会影响评价的发展历程

介绍了西方社会影响评价的内容、产生背景及公共参与的关系,具体分析西方社会影响评价在不同时间段的概念发展,以及该评价方法在不同空间范围的侧重点及评价内容,并初步阐述不同时期的社会影响评价分析方法。     

公司法人治理理论在公立医院改革中的应用探讨

公司法人治理理论在国有企业改革中的成功应用为公立医院改革提供了借鉴,建立以理事会为核心的法人治理结构已成为公立医院改革的共识。公立医院法人治理结构的建立必须具备两个制度性条件:一是出资人所有权和医院法人财产权分离,建立公立医院出资人制度;二是管办分离,实现政资分开、政事分开。     

城市户外广告监管的多元互动

基于城市户外广告媒体监管机制的文献梳理和现实回顾,分析了城市户外广告的监管主体和监管机制,阐述了城市户外广告媒体监管的不确定性风险,即政府俘获造成寻租风险,资源开发造成产权风险,特许经营造成市场风险,并结合监管过程中的治理冲突,尝试构建城市户外广告监管的协作性公共管理系统。该系统以政府、行业与公众三方互动为输入,通过协作性管理的转换机制输出良好的广告秩序和经济效益,实现治理模式从单一垄断向多元互动模式的转变。     

Tailings facility failures in the global mining industry: Will a ‘transparency turn’ drive change?

In this article, we critically analyse emerging regulatory controls around the design and management of tailings facilities in the global mining industry. Following several high profile, catastrophic tailings facility failures, a Global Tailings Review (GTR) was established to develop a new industry Standard. We describe the precursors to the GTR and review the public disclosure requirements of 19 separate industry-endorsed standards and certification schemes. On several criteria, the GTR Standard requires unprecedented levels of public disclosure by mining companies. Does this amount to a ‘transparency turn’ in tailings management? We argue that while improved disclosure provisions may provide visibility for investors, regulators and other stakeholders, the socialisation of transparency norms is a highly complex, contingent and ultimately fragile endeavour. Using indicators relevant to achieving transparency, we demonstrate the contextual variability into which mining companies will be disclosing information. Our analysis highlights the sheer number of tailings facilities in locations with multi-dimensional complexity, including low levels of literacy and governance, with correspondingly high levels of inequality and corruption. We discuss these conditionalities in relation to the GTR Standard, and conclude by outlining future research priorities.     

公用事业规制改革路径：从新公共服务到新规制治理

通过梳理中国公用事业30年的改革历程,本文发现中国公用事业仍存在区域内垄断经营、生产成本高、服务意识淡漠、规制目标偏离等问题。结合新公共服务理论“重视公民权、强调公共利益、以人为本”的核心观念,中国公用事业规制应从新公共服务演进为新规制治理：引入第三方形成金字塔形规制框架,鼓励公用事业提升服务意识实现自我规制为主、合约规制为辅、命令控制规制为最后手段的规制治理新格局;通过公私合作的方式实行上级政府为PPP合约背书以提高公用事业合约履约规范性,保证作为履约方的地方政府履行合约;以市场多样化思维转变传统政府地位,政府不再负责提供服务,应转为提供高质量的平台以促进公用事业发展。