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1.
Elko Klijn Jeffrey J. Reuer Frans A. J. Van den Bosch Henk W. Volberda 《Journal of Management Studies》2013,50(7):1245-1266
This study draws from the corporate governance literature to investigate the implications of board involvement for international joint ventures (IJVs). We extend recent corporate governance research on the value of board involvement by investigating unique sources of complexity related to the nature of the IJV. We argue and find that board involvement can enhance the performance of IJVs, particularly for collaborations that are complex in nature due to their broad functional scope as well the level of market overlap between IJV parents. We complement recent research on joint venture control that has focused on the antecedents and types of control, as well as studies on formal (e.g. contractual safeguards and monitoring) and informal governance mechanisms (e.g. trust) by providing empirical evidence that IJV board involvement is valuable when directors undertake their control and coordination responsibilities. We advance corporate governance research by providing evidence that joint ventures possess several unique characteristics that shape the value of board involvement, thereby showing that applications of corporate governance theory to joint ventures are useful, but should be made with care. 相似文献
2.
This article presents a heuristic continuum for the development and reform of civil service systems, drawing implications for the usefulness of western civil service reforms to the current Ukrainian situation. The authors argue that the current reform ideology common to western democracies may not be appropriate when applied to Ukraine and other nascent states. 相似文献
3.
Jill F. Solomon Shih Wei Lin Simon D. Norton Aris Solomon 《Corporate Governance: An International Review》2003,11(3):235-248
In this paper we present empirical evidence on the attitudes of Taiwanese company directors on the role and function of the board of directors in Taiwanese corporate governance. Our findings arise from a questionnaire survey distributed to the directors of a sample of companies listed on the Taiwanese Securities Exchange (TSE). Our findings provide a picture of the current state of corporate governance in Taiwan. The respondents indicate that the board of directors constitutes the most important instrument in Taiwanese corporate governance and our findings endorse the important role played by outside directors in the corporate governance system in Taiwan. Furthermore, the respondents endorsed the agency theory perspective on corporate governance as they considered the presence of outside directors improved corporate accountability to shareholders. There is, however, evidence that few companies have created remuneration and audit committees. We also found that Taiwanese directors are dissatisfied with the influence of families on the corporate governance of listed companies and do not consider that outside directors on boards should be related to founding families. Overall, the directors displayed an awareness of accountability issues and a desire to improve accountability and transparency. They clearly want international harmonisation of corporate governance standards and view corporate governance reform as a means of attracting foreign funds into Taiwan. This is an important finding as it endorses the work of the OECD and other international bodies in harmonising corporate governance at a global level. 相似文献
4.
The paper adds to our knowledge of what non‐executive directors do, knowledge which is still in its infancy. More specifically, it reports the findings of a survey among more than 250 Dutch non‐executive directors regarding their roles and limitations. Although the majority agreed that monitoring is their main duty, they also expressed doubts whether they are really able to carry out this “watchdog role” effectively. The primary limitation is sought in the asymmetry of information which gives rise to the so‐called “independence paradox”: in obtaining adequate information non‐executives are dependent on the executives they are expected to supervise and to be independent from. 相似文献
5.
Jeremy Galbreath 《Business Strategy and the Environment》2017,26(3):358-370
Time plays an important role in corporate social responsibility (CSR) decisions. In the context of time and the boardroom, the consideration of CSR can be affected by board structure. For example, because of considerable short‐term pressures, this study posits that insiders on the board are less likely to prioritize the longer‐term time horizons needed to affect CSR. Following this perspective, a hypothesis is put forth that insiders generally have temporal orientations that are more short term in nature and that they therefore have a negative effect on CSR. A study of 300 of Australia's largest firms confirmed this hypothesis. However, when inside director compensation linked to environmental and social metrics and inside director CSR training are introduced as moderating variables, their interactive effects lead to positive results: both positively moderate the negative insider–CSR relationship in environmental and social dimensions. The study contributes to a temporal view of boards of directors, as well as to corporate governance and CSR. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment 相似文献
6.
Linda McGuire 《Public Management Review》2013,15(4):493-524
This article examines the transfer of NPM strategies by comparing Service Charter initiatives in the United Kingdom, United States and Australia. These three countries, together with Canada and New Zealand,are partofwhathas beendescribedas the ‘core’ new public management (NPM) policy community (Common 1998). Service Charters are an NPM strategy intended to change the culture of public service delivery to focus on the needs of the users, identified as ‘clients’ or ‘customers’. The objectives are to make service providers more responsive to users by guaranteeing specific standards for service delivery, providing a substitute for competition and a benchmark for measuring service quality. The first section examines the historical and political context of the development of the Citizen's Charter and Service First programmes in the UK, customer service plans in the USA and Government Service Charters in Australia. The second section explores the similarities and differences between these charter initiatives based on analysis of public documents. There is evidence of convergence at the ideological level as managerial values underpin the service charter frameworks in all three jurisdictions (Walsh 1994; Pollitt 1995; Kettl 1997). Despite drawing from a similar toolkit influenced by private sector techniques, significant differences between the country contextshaveresultedindivergent strategies. Timing in the three countries examined suggests that national politics rather than global policy convergence is more significant in explaining the development of service charters. This case study provides evidence of policy transfer rather than policy convergence (Common 1998). The final section considers the limitations of the customer service model. Monitoring quality iscentral to theprogrammes in all three countries. Performance monitoring is essentially a quantitative methodology that requires criteria and indicators for measuring the quality of service delivery and programme outcomes. Two problems are considered. The first is the difficulty of specifying and measuring service quality. The second is that quality indicators derived from services marketing and management research do not take into account the characteristics of public services. 相似文献
7.
Gianluca Veronesi 《Public Management Review》2013,15(4):543-564
This article analyses the impact of the implementation of a set of policies introduced after 1997 in the English National Health Service aimed at increasing patient and public involvement in organizational decision-making processes. Adopting the ambiguity/conflict policy implementation model and based on a year-long research project, it shows that patient and public engagement can be more effectively achieved when there is room for interpretation and discretion in selecting the means for involvement. Local initiatives, based on effective leadership governance mechanisms and organizational learning processes, are more likely to generate inclusiveness, shared ownership, and user-centredness than a top-down framework for involvement. 相似文献
8.
An important and controversial corporate governance issue is the extent to which share ownership by directors increases corporate performance. Some commentators suggest that increasing directors’ shareholdings in their companies provides directors with the incentive to improve corporate performance. Other commentators suggest that high levels of director share ownership may simply entrench directors. We examine whether there is a positive relationship between the level of director shareholdings and corporate performance for 180 listed Australian companies. We find that, in some circumstances, such a relationship does exist but the results differ according to a number of factors such as the performance measure used, whether director share ownership is measured by dollar value or percentage of the shares of the company outstanding, the size of the company and the industry in which the company operates. 相似文献
9.
Geoffrey C. Kiel Gavin J. Nicholson 《Corporate Governance: An International Review》2003,11(3):189-205
In many respects, Australian boards more closely approach normative “best practice” guidelines for corporate governance than boards in other Western countries. Do Australian firms then demonstrate a board demographic‐organisational performance link that has not been found in other economies? We examine the relationships between board demographics and corporate performance in 348 of Australia's largest publicly listed companies and describe the attributes of these firms and their boards. We find that, after controlling for firm size, board size is positively correlated with firm value. We also find a positive relationship between the proportion of inside directors and the market‐based measure of firm performance. We discuss the implications of these findings and compare our findings to prevailing research in the US and the UK. 相似文献
10.
This paper examines corporate governance in small companies listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) which was established in the UK in 1995. The London Stock Exchange rules stipulate that each company wishing to join AIM must have a nominated advisor and broker. The nominated advisor is seen as playing a key role in AIM companies, enjoying an ongoing advisory relationship as well as playing a monitoring role. The presence of the nominated advisor may, in some ways, mean that less emphasis is placed on formal corporate governance structures, as the nominated advisor does have a close relationship with the company it advises. The formal aspects of corporate governance are analysed in terms of disclosures in the admission document put forward by AIM companies coming to market. Preliminary findings suggest AIM companies brought onto the market by a nominated advisor who also acts as the nominated broker pay more attention to the Cadbury Code on corporate governance. Also, the study suggests AIM companies raising no new capital on admission possess relatively weaker corporate governance structures. The success of AIM, with over 240 companies having joined in the first 18 months of its existence, means that our findings have implications for policy-makers involved in corporate governance not only in the UK but also for those involved in the establishment of markets for small companies in a global context. 相似文献
11.
张国玉 《世界标准化与质量管理》2009,(4):24-27
介绍了英国国家卫生服务体系（NHS）绩效评估的实施背景及绩效评估框架（PAF）和绩效示标体系,并对其在实践中的实施效果和局限进行了评价,以期对中国医疗机构绩效评估提供经验借鉴。 相似文献
12.
Willy McCourt 《Public Management Review》2013,15(3):325-343
This article uses a case study of public recruitment in Nepal as the vehicle for a discussion of the value of three current public management models: an anticorruption model, a psychometric selection model and the new public management (NPM) model. The political context of Nepal and the role and functions of the Public Service Commission (PSC) are described. The article argues that, in contrast to current NPM doctrine, preserving the current remit of the PSC as a central agency responsible for recruitment is necessary to preserve the integrity of recruitment, which is an important element in an anticorruption strategy. The article also reviews the case for selective introduction of psychometric methods of selection. The article implies an increased importance for public recruitment in development thinking, and argues for the vital role of Service Commissions in limiting corruption. While recognizing the reality of the problems which the NPM model was developed to tackle, the article provides evidence for rejecting its claim to universality. 相似文献
13.
Bill Doolin 《Public Management Review》2013,15(2):231-254
In a corporatized New Zealand public hospital, senior management introduced a strategy of ‘clinical leadership’ intended to incorporate clinicians more fully within some system of organizational control, and to make them accountable for the resources consumed as a consequence of their treatment decisions. An organizational restructuring created semiautonomous business units based around clinical specialities and headed by clinician managers. Clinician managers played a boundary role between their professional colleagues and management. In the short term, a number of senior clinicians adapted to this role and there was some evidence for their acculturation into managerial identifications. However, the majority of clinician managers acted to absorb change rather than actively champion change. For many clinical units, clinical practice continued more or less unchanged. The concept of loosely coupled systems is used to explain this separation of internal operations from organizational form. 相似文献
14.
15.
This article aims to analyse the objectives and the techniques of privatization and the valuation methods applied in the state-owned company privatization processes in order to determine the coherence between the formal privatization objectives stated by governments and the techniques and the valuation methods chosen to carry out the sale of state-owned companies. From the results of an international survey carried out by the International Organization of Supreme Audit Institutions (INTOSAI), we study the privatization practices in three groups of countries: the most developed OECD countries, Eastern European countries and developing countries. While the reasons that have motivated state-owned company privatizations all over the world are quite similar, the techniques of privatization used by these three groups are different with regard to the purpose of the privatization, the ways of carrying it out and the methods of fixing the sale price. 相似文献
16.
Manfred Röber 《Public Management Review》2013,15(3):311-336
This article examines the adoption of strategic Human Resource Management (HRM) by for-profit and non-profit knowledge-intensive health services (HS) organizations in the Australian context. Survey data collected from senior executives are used to test the relationships between a strategic HRM model and firm performance. Path analysis found that for HS firms, irrespective of whether for-profit or non-profit, adopting strategic HRM could increase organizational performance. Strategic HRM could be achieved through the cultivation of an external orientation to customers' demands and a commitment to employees. Building an external orientation with internal structural dimensions such as commitment to employees, allows HS organizations to develop a strategic HRM approach with human capital-enhancing HRM practices. Public and non-profit organizations in the HS industry facing or undergoing health sector reform need to be aware of both of these orientations in order to adopt strategic HRM and improve their performance. 相似文献
17.
针对董事会参与战略,历史上出现了两个不同的主义,分别是被动主义和积极主义,文章梳理了与此相关的五大理论视角及其演进脉络。并以此为基础,识别出董事会发挥其战略角色的过程中存在的三个层次:选择战略决策;调整战略决策;调整战略的背景、程序和内容。最后,对中国上市公司构建战略型董事会进行思考,提出了建议。 相似文献
18.
This study examines the perceptions of directors in Australian public listed companies about their access to information for their role as directors. We focus on information costs and information asymmetry. Directors’ perceptions of the relationship between the composition of Boards, the perceived roles of Boards and the information requirements to fulfil those roles were explored in interviews with 45 directors from public listed companies. Implicit in Agency Theory is the assumption that independent directors have free access to the information required to fulfil their role in monitoring and control. We found, however, demonstrable evidence of information asymmetry. The central finding was that directors perceive that the CEO and Executive have the controlling power over information. The provision of appropriate information for Board decisions is perceived to hinge on the “integrity” of the CEO and Executive. This emphasis on integrity and “good companies” does appear consistent with the Stewardship Theory of governance. It raises as a question for future research the possible alternative relationships between Boards and management. The directors interviewed discussed a range of strategies they used to keep themselves informed and made observations of additions to information that they believed should be available as a matter of course. 相似文献
19.
Abstract In the critical arena of public management and policy debates several schools currently try to make sense of governance structures and processes, although one has so far had the strongest impact in terms of academic and policy influence in particular in the United Kingdom: network governance. Network governance has been associated with Stakeholder Capitalism – as represented for instance by the European (usually German) social-democratic settlement – and as the direct opposite of the New Public Management (as the epitome instead of Shareholder Capitalism). In this essay it will be argued that the alleged novelty of the reforms being currently implemented under the aegis of the ‘modernization’ or (network) governance rhetoric (by the Blair government, for instance) must be questioned, since they are the direct inheritors of the NPM tradition. Through the development of a multiparadigmatic model of ethical and organization theories it will be shown that alternatives to network governance are not only thinkable but also (institutionally) practicable. 相似文献
20.
作为中国的上市公司,青岛啤酒第一个引入了独立董事制度,到目前为止已有10多年的时间;它在完善公司治理方面确实起到了一定的作用,不可否认的是它还存在着诸如人员选取、激励与约束等方面的问题。 相似文献