经济全球化和反全球化剖析

世界各国在经济领域的合作日益密切,经济全球化也成为一种趋势。本文试从全球化和反全球化两方面的呼声阐述经济全球化的正负效应,指出:只有采取相应的措施,扬长避短,才能在经济全球化的进程中获得更大的收益。     

高等教育与经济全球化

当前世界正进入经济全球化的时代,中国加入WTO后,经济全球化对我国的经济、政治、文化教育等领域和范畴都产生了深远影响,如何改革使我国的高等教育能够适应经济全球化潮流是必须要面对和解决的问题。     

经济全球化与新城市经济现象

随着科学技术的迅速发展,带动了经济全球化的发展,对城市发展产生了极为重要的影响,决定城市发展的规模和实力。因此,本文首先分析近些来资本主义的重建,接着分析了分析经济全球化的趋势,最后就针对新城市经济现象展开论述。     

金融危机与经济全球化

经济全球化是指世界范围内各国、各地区的经济相互交织、相互影响、相互融合成统一整体的过程。它的产生可以追溯到16世纪初西欧资本主义的兴起和近代市场经济的建立。18世纪末,以蒸汽机发明和应用为标志的第一次科技革命推动了全球化的进程。19世纪末以电气化为标志的第二次科技革命,使各国经济联系起来。第二次世界大战结束后,国际货币基金组织、世界银行及关贸总协定的出现,推动了国家之间的经济往来,但是由于当时正处于"冷战"之中,社会主义国家被排斥在外。20世纪90年代初,苏联解体,"冷战"结束,经济全球化进程显著加快以致被人们所感知并为之震撼。现在我们所谈的经济全球化,一般指的是20世纪90年代"冷战"结束后到现在的全球化。回顾历史我们可以看出,经济全球化的发展历程是与一些重大事件紧密关联的。推动经济全球化发展的基本动因是世界市场固有的扩张性和微观经济主体的趋利动机,但科技革命、各国推行经济体制改革(市场经济)、国际组织的出现、西方国家经济新自由主义理论的兴起等,对经济全球化也起到了重要推进作用;而阻遏经济全球化的则是一些全球性重大灾难事件的发生,如战争(包括冷战)等。从20世纪90年代初至今,伴随着经济全球化的进程,人们对经济全球化有过各种各样的不同意见,世界各地还出现了声势浩大的反全球化运动。但是,所有这些都没有影响经济全球化的发展进程。然而此次金融危机的爆发,却使经济全球化遇到了真正的挑战。     

金融资本全球化与中国经济安全

经济全球化趋势的增强推动了资本在全球范围内进一步扩张,与此同时,对外资的引入已经成为弥补中国建设资金的不足和加快企业改革步伐的首要任务。但在引进外资的同时,也对国家的经济利益和安全构成了一定的影响。所以对影响中国经济安全的诸因素的分析显得十分必要。     

经济全球化的趋势与影响

经济全球化是指世界经济发展的一个融合过程，其特点是：建立在以科技高度发展的基础上的生产、流通金融的国际化，以及由此引起的全球社会方面的变化，在经济全球化的基础上，新型的国际关系正在形成。当代世界经济的基本特征：经济全球化经济全球化是科学技术的发展积累到一定程度的结果。当今的科学技术，同引发农业革命的饲养和种植技术，已经难以同日而语；就是引发第一次产业革命的蒸汽机革命和引发第二次产业革命的电气革命，同当今引发知识革命的科学技术，从深度和广度上相比，也已经有了本质的不同。在知识经济时代，科学技术已经…     

经济全球化观察

全球化的主角兼规则制定者在经济全球化中,世界各国被纳入国际经济体系,按照统一的贸易规则从事活动。这一切看起来似乎很公平。但目前通行的贸易规则是由占据国际市场领先地位的发达国家操纵制定的,其立     

浅谈如何在中东地区进行国际工程项目施工

随着中国改革开放的深入发展,国际化的步伐加快进行,许多中国公司都相继走出国门谋求发展,在境外承揽着一些按照国际工程招标程序运作的大型项目。文中将结合作者在沙特内政部奈季兰王子办公楼项目施工过程中的经验对比较有代表性的沙特国际承包工程施工各个方面的问题进行分析以及阐明。     

中国与中东地区物流线路规划

中国与中东地区物流线路是中国进出口的主要航线,通过对中国与中东地区物流线路规划,有效解决物流线路规划的实际问题。文中主要介绍了中东地区物流资源特色,中国与中东物流航线概况,中国与中东物流路线规划及运输方式的分析。     

Explaining trade policy in the Middle East and North Africa

This paper examines the evolution of trade policy in the Middle East and North Africa (MNA) countries since the 1960s. It shows that contrary to the current popular perception, until the 1980s MNA countries were generally more open than the rest of the developing world. That situation changed in the 1980s and especially the 1990s as most MNA countries maintained their trade policies, while many other developing countries proceeded with liberalization. The paper develops and estimates a political economy model of trade policy to search for the factors behind the initial relative openness of the region and its reversal. The results show that the pattern is related to the rise and decline of the region's resource rents, which affected the political weight of domestic producers versus consumers. Other factors are also considered, but they all seem to have secondary effects.     

中东和平进程中的经济因素——约旦个案分析

本文以约旦为个案,重点对约以和平协议签订前后约旦经济发展变化进行剖析,得出经济因素在促进和推动中东和平进程中发挥着重大作用的结论。     

论大都市的转型

关注全球(世界)城市的崛起,也关注那些转型不太成功、地位有所衰落的城市,如美国的匹兹堡、底特律及英国的伯明翰等,同时也聚焦于发展中国家那些正处于转型期和转型前期的大都市。力图从上述三种类型城市的转型路径和模式中探寻出一般性的规律和机理,以期对中国大都市的转型有所启示。     

Evaluating the comparative performance of countries of the Middle East and North Africa: A DEA application

Over the past few decades, countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have achieved varying levels of economic development. In this paper, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is employed to study the comparative performance of selected MENA countries. For 1999, our DEA identified four of the 18 countries studied as the most efficient: Bahrain, Jordan, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates. All are from the Middle East, with three being members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). Yemen was rated as the least efficient of all countries considered in the analysis. A regression analysis showed that the efficiency scores have a significant relationship with the richness of the countries (in terms of GNP per capita) but do not have a significant relationship with the size of the countries (in terms of population). Further, a time-series analysis using the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) indicated that the MENA countries achieved higher values of desirable attributes, and lower values of undesirable attributes, in 1999 compared to 1998. During 1998-1999, technology change contributed more to the improvement of MPI than did technical efficiency change.     

Contextualising diversity management in the Middle East and North Africa: a relational perspective

This study examines the clash between diversity policies as designed in the West and the challenges in implementing these in the Middle East and North Africa region. We contribute to the role of context in diversity management by studying how HR managers deal with diversity policies when the Western approach and the local context are perceived as being incompatible. Twenty HR/diversity managers working for multinational companies in nine different countries in the Middle East and North Africa region were interviewed. The findings show that a manager's understanding of the interrelated nature of multilevel factors of the local context influences the strategies adopted. Three strategies to deal with the perceived clash are identified: forcing a Western approach upon the local country, a reframing strategy where existing policies are reformulated to fit the Western requirements, and a sensitive approach in which the local context is considered. The study suggests that multinationa.l companies have to adapt diversity policies to local multilevel factors of the country in which they operate.     

经济全球化下人力资源管理发展的新趋势

文章从经济全球化背景入手,对它给企业传统的人力资源管理带来的进行了分析,并对未来人力资源管理发展的新趋势进行了探讨。     

Transformational leadership and job involvement in the Middle East: the moderating role of individually held cultural values

This study examines whether individually held cultural values moderate the relationship between transformational leadership behavior of supervisors and the job involvement of subordinates in the Middle Eastern organizational context. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze survey data from 229 employees of 10 organizations in the United Arab Emirates. In line with the findings of studies in Western countries, transformational leadership was found to influence job involvement positively. In addition, the cultural value orientations of individuals were found to moderate this relationship. Collectivism positively influenced the relationship between transformational leadership and job involvement, whereas uncertainty avoidance had a negative effect. These findings provide an insight into how transformational leadership may be used to motivate culturally diverse groups of employees within the Middle East. To enhance job involvement, organizations need to realize that the attitudinal response of subordinates to transformational leadership can depend on their cultural values. This has significant implications regarding the training and effective deployment of transformational leaders within Middle Eastern organizations.