The UK Food Supply Chain – An Ethical Perspective

The moral issues generated by the food supply chain demand attention and analysis. There must be an ethical approach balancing profitability with the welfare of life and the conservation of the environment. Lorice Stainer is a business ethics consultant and Visiting Fellow at Leicester University Management Centre; Alan Gully is Principal Lecturer in Business Studies, and Member for the Centre for Research in International Economics, at Middlesex University Business School; and Alan Stainer is Head of Engineering Management and Professor of Productivity and Performance Management at Middlesex University.     

The comparative performance of UK manufacturing in perspective

The view that the productivity performance in UK manufacturing compares unfavourably with that in other European countries is ill-founded. The important conclusion from this analysis is that the fundamental problem in UK manufacturing has been the low level of investment. This would seem to provide the major part of the explanation for the „poor“ comparative performance of UK manufacturing when measured in terms of both labour productivity growth and output growth.

     

The comparative performance of UK manufacturing in perspective

The view that the productivity performance in UK manufacturing compares unfavourably with that in other European countries is ill-founded. The important conclusion from this analysis is that the fundamental problem in UK manufacturing has been the low level of investment. This would seem to provide the major part of the explanation for the ?poor“ comparative performance of UK manufacturing when measured in terms of both labour productivity growth and output growth.     

The German shipbuilding industry in the world market

The following article outlines the position of the German shipubilding industry in the world market against the background of the changes in demand which followed upon the mineral oil crisis. Emphasis is laid on the adverse effects of competition-distorting measures, and suggestions are made for their removal.     

The organisational learning system within small UK manufacturing firms

Organisational learning is increasingly being mentioned in the literature as a mechanism for assisting the market performance of small firms. There exists, however, limited empirical evidence on the learning systems utilised to manage the process. A survey was undertaken to acquire data on whether a relationship exists between learning style and the nature of learning systems used by small UK manufacturing firms. The results suggest that as firms move from single towards double-loop learning this is accompanied by the adoption of a more formalised learning system inside the organisation. The implications of these finding are discussed and proposals presented on the needs for further research.     

The development of subsidiary roles in the motor vehicle manufacturing industry

This paper presents a revised subsidiary role framework that incorporates elements of the subsidiary development research. The study is grounded in the resource-based view and the network model of the MNC, and extends the subsidiary development framework by specifying new contributory roles. While drawn from extant subsidiary role typologies, these roles are extended to reflect different levels of resource development. The new framework delineates the influence of subsidiary resource development and subsidiary initiative on contributory roles. The study employs a single industry case study design, focusing on the Australian Motor Vehicle Manufacturing Industry (AMVMI). The findings establish that subsidiaries in the AMVMI have the ability to develop specialised resources and that when subsidiary initiative is combined with subsidiary-driven resource development, subsidiaries are able to exert considerable influence on the contributory role they fulfil.     

The strong versus weak theory debate in the UK advertising industry

Advertising is a really important element today and its importance has been growing in the past few years. There are two schools of debate regarding the nature of advertising： the strong theory and the weak theory. This essay will discuss different opinions between these two schools in three main aspects, namely, the effectiveness of advertising, how advertising works and how to measure it. During the discussion, some examples from the UK advertising industry such as Virgin Trains, BT, Starbucks, Apple Inc. and so on would be considered. This essay proposes that each advertising theories can be explained in particular situations and no one can always be right. It would make more sense when cases are considered in both sides.     

印度汽车和零配件业的崛起

印度自1991年实行对外开放以来,政府取消了外国公司投资于汽车制造业的限制,许多大跨国汽车公司云集印度,建立合营企业和进行技术合作,并把印度作为面向出口的制造基地。日本铃木汽车公司由于与国营     

Wrong-footing MNCs and local manufacturing: Zambia''s 1992–1994 structural adjustment program

It is now more than five years since the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) came to power after the October 1991 World Bank and IMF “political conditionality” induced democratic elections in Zambia. Under World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) tutelage, the MMD government embarked upon the most far-reaching market-led economic reforms ever seen in Zambia, under the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP). Using evidence from 43 companies and representatives of Zambian industry, this paper argues that the SAP (as implemented) has wrong-footed the manufacturing sector. The paper apportions the bulk of the blame squarely on the shoulders of the Zambian government, for the unrealistic policies and manner in which it has implemented the Neoclassical Counterrevolution Model, also known as market-based SAP reforms.     

风电叶片行业市场发展状况

随着煤、石油、天然气等传统化工能源耗尽时间表的日益临近,风能的开发和利用越来越得到人们的重视,已成为能源领域最具商业推广前景的项目之一,目前在国内外发展迅速。目前风电市场的发展主要在欧洲,全球排名前4位的国家分别是德国、美国、西班牙和丹麦。     

对外贸易对我国制造业劳动就业影响的投入产出法分析

对外贸易对我国劳动就业有着重要的影响,本文运用投入产出法分析了2007年外贸对我国制造业劳动就业的影响。结果显示外贸对我国制造业劳动就业有着十分显著的净正效应,2007年由外贸引致的净就业岗位达17131699个:这个数值大约占我国制造业总劳动就业人数的20%。进一步分析了我国与几个主要的贸易伙伴:美国、日本、韩国、德国、英国、法国、印度、越南的贸易引致的就业效应,发现与美国贸易给我国带来的净就业效应最大。最后提出了政策建议。     

Organizations as learning systems: The case of the Japanese automobile manufacturing industry

This study sought to apply frameworks of organizational learning to companies in the Japanese automobile manufacturing industry and, in the process, to ascertain if Japanese automobile companies exhibit characteristics of high- versus low-learning organizations. Of particular interest are the effects of Japanese culture on organizational behavior. A basis for empirical testing of concepts of organizational learning to establish an explanation as to why some companies are more effective in succeeding in the global market according to accepted measures of success is provided. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

长三角制造业产业空间转移实证研究

本文采用行业平均集中率指标和赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数分析长三角制造业平均集中率和空间集中度,然后以制造业二位数分类行业集中分析两省(浙江、江苏)一市(上海)产业转移情况,研究发现,在产业转移方面长三角地区制造业发生了明显的空间调整和转移,上海通过转移出劳动密集型产业并且吸收资本密集型、港口型、都市信息型等少数产业,降低了其在区域内总制造业的份额;浙江稳步吸收上海与江苏转移出来的劳动密集型行业从而增加了制造业份额;江苏通过吸收和释放制造业基本保持平稳和缓慢略微的增长.     

我国纯碱行业的技术、市场现状及展望

近年来，我国的纯碱工业无论是在产品产量、品种、质量，还是在生产技术水平和装备水平方面，均取得了长足的进步，部分工序已跻身世界先进行列。本文简述我国纯碱行业的生产技术、市场现状并预测未来发展趋势。     

船用齿轮箱制造产业现状及发展趋势

船用齿轮箱（或称船用齿轮减速器、船舶主动力齿轮传动装置）是一种船舶专用的齿轮传动装置．主要用途为减速增扭、船舶倒驶、承受螺旋桨推力,广泛用于各类船舶。     

Worlds apart: The changing market geography of the German machinery industry

German producers of advanced machinery have long enjoyed a reputation for technical excellence and export success. The literature attributes much of the industry's success, inter alia, to various forms of interfirm cooperation between SMEs within spatial clusters such as that found in Baden-Württemberg. However, this industry entered a period of relative crisis in the early 1990s, experiencing stagnant or declining sales and growing competition from foreign firms. Among the reasons commonly advanced to explain this crisis are the decline of intraregional cooperation (especially with other machinery producers), the loss of domestic sales in the wake of the German car industry's downturn, and excessively costly wages and benefits for workers in the machinery industry. This paper offers an alternative interpretation, based on geographical shifts in the industry's markets and the difficulty of sustaining close, mutually beneficial interaction with customer firms abroad. Evidence comes from a study of the production and use of advanced manufacturing technologies, involving interviews with machinery producers in Germany and user firms in Canada. Interviews reveal that, in the light of less than satisfactory relations with German machinery firms, North-American customers are turning increasingly to domestic sources of supply. In responding to these challenges, the German machinery industry is now instituting changes to its spatial organization which may undermine the future integrity of its traditional home production regions.An earlier version of this paper was delivered at the Annual Meetings of the Association of American Geographers, San Francisco, CA, April 1, 1994.     

The impact of market similarity on international marketing strategies: The automobile industry in Western Europe

The formulation of an optimal marketing mix is quite complex when that mix must be effective across multiple international markets. At the crux of the problem is whether markets are similar to each other or interdependent and how this influences marketing mix decisions. Examining the marketing mixes of more than 30 automobile companies competing in the five major markets in Western Europe, it was found that easily changed marketing mix elements, such as prices and advertising, reflect market similarity, interdependence, and product‐market conditions, although not always in the expected ways. The least flexible element, the number of models offered, does not appear to reflect any of these types of conditions. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.