Government corruption and foreign stakes in international joint ventures in emerging economies

This paper analyzes the relationship between government corruption and the changes in the equity stake of foreign partners in international joint ventures (IJVs) formed with local firms in emerging Asian economies. This relationship is defined according to transaction cost theory. This relationship is complemented by the introduction of a moderating variable derived from organizational learning theory: the country experience of foreign partners. This article is based on a sample of 171 European firms, which formed IJVs in emerging Asian economies during the year 1996. Using an event history analysis, the evolution of each European equity stake was followed-up from year 1996 to the end of the period at risk on January 2007. From the empirical results presented in this article, some findings have been drawn on the attitudes of foreign firms toward government corruption in emerging Asian economies. First, we showed that the government corruption is significantly related to the likelihood of foreign partners to terminate the IJV. However, the nature of this relationship is differentiated according to the score used to measure government corruption. The relationship is positive when using the Transparency International score and negative with the Political Risk Services score. Second, we put into evidence that the country experience of foreign partners moderates the relationship between government corruption and the changes in the equity stake of foreign partners in IJVs in emerging Asian economies.

Government regulation and quality in the US beef market

We show how government regulation played a critical role in shaping the beef industry over the past century. Technological developments in the late 19th century led to a highly concentrated meatpacking industry and fostered a national market for beef in the US, and the development of a national market for beef led to regulations to ensure quality uniformity, especially USDA grading. We explain the problems with beef quality created by USDA grading using tools from information economics. Because USDA’s fairly coarse grading system failed to measure significant aspects of beef quality, beef production suffered from the multi-tasking problem, which led producers to focus on producing larger quantities of beef while ignoring quality issues. We show that producing high quality beef requires either ex ante input controls or ex post sorting. In turn, we show how newly developed programs such as USDA quality certification and branding are incentivizing production of higher beef quality and dealing with information problems arising under USDA grading. We conclude with the implications of the regulatory history for current regulation of beef markets.     

政府管制、公司治理与电力改革

尽管电力改革取得了阶段性成果,但电力产业许多深层次的问题还没有解决。笔者认为:各种问题的解决有赖于制度创新,放松管制与公司治理需要同步推进,公司治理是政府管制的第一步。期望本文能为中国电力改革提供一个有益的视角。     

信息成本、集聚经济与中国外商投资区位

本文采用系统的数据和计量模型方法，探讨了信息成本和集聚经济对中国外商投资区位选择的影响。认为外商在华直接投资行为面临诸多信息不对称和外部不确定性。外商直接投资的区位决策是对信息成本和集聚经济的理性反映。分析结果表明，外商在华直接投资的区位选择取决于信息成本和集聚经济变量。此外，人力资本也是重要的区位因素。     

强化和完善国有企业源头治理腐败工作

本文从(用“三个代表”重要思想统领和指导,适应改革开放的新形势、新任务解决企业外部的腐败,巩固和完善国有企业内部的各项制度和解决国有企业干部的腐败等)四个方面论述了从国有企业源头上治理腐败的工作。     

再论控制会计腐败

笔者曾撰文"治理会计腐败现象的对策",发表在《财政监督》2003年第11期上.经过一段时间的学习和思考,又有一些新的想法,抛砖引玉,供大家参考.     

反腐倡廉是一项系统工程

江泽民同志指出 :“惩治腐败 ,要作为一个系统工程来抓。”这是我们开展反腐败斗争的一个极其重要的指导思想 ,对此必须加深认识和理解 ,标本兼治 ,综合治理 ,齐抓共管 ,持之以恒。一、用系统论的观点认识反腐倡廉所谓系统论 ,是指运用完整性、联系性、集中性的概念 ,探求适用于一切系统的理论和方法。根据系统论的观点 ,任何一项工作都不是孤立的、单一的、静止的 ,而是以一定的系统而存在的。反腐倡廉工作也不例外 ,就此我们结合煤炭企业实际 ,作以下分析 :从工作目标上看 ,反腐倡廉要达到一个综合性的效应。就是说 ,不仅要促进领导干部廉…     

高新技术产业利用外资的意义、现状与政策建议

高新技术产业利用外资能够有效提高我国利用外资的水平,促进我国高新技术产业加速发展。目前,在我国投资环境中,还存在一些不利于吸引跨国公司投资高新技术产业的因素,制约着我国高新技术产业利用外资的数量和质量。我国要加快高新技术产业利用外资的步伐,就要从观念、体制、政策、政府工作效率、开放领域和引资方式等许多方面入手,切实改善投资环境。     

中国反倾销与对华直接投资相关性实证研究

反倾销是目前研究的热点之一,本文从中国反倾销与外商对华直接投资相关性这个角度,利用企业水平的模型进行回归实证分析,并结合案例,得出中国反倾销与外商对华直接投资之间存在正的相关性。结果表明,中国的反倾销会引起外商对华直接投资的增加,特别是跨国公司对华直接投资的增加。     

FDI的地区聚集及其空间演化--以江苏为例的研究

外商直接投资(FDI)在空间分布上有特定的规律，形成地区性聚集是绝大多数外资企业的归宿。在聚集的空间演化过程中，FDI呈现出扩散和聚集的不同历史特征。本文以江苏省FDI的历史数据为样本，分析FDI聚集过程的空间演化模式。加总的数据分析显示，FDI的空间分布经历了随机扩散—扩散向聚集转化—聚集的三个演化阶段；行业层面的进一步考察显示，传统行业由最初的聚集逐渐向扩散演化，而新兴行业则由最初的随机分布逐渐向聚集演化。回归分析证明，成本因素、聚集经济的外部性和路径依赖作用在空间演化过程中起到了决定性的作用。     

Local Ownership Restrictions, Entry Mode Choice, and FDI Performance: Japanese Overseas Subsidiaries in Asia

This study examines the moderating effects of a host government's local ownership restrictions on the linkage between the choice of foreign entry mode and its performance, using a sample of 917 Japanese foreign subsidiaries in Asia. The study focuses on two foreign entry modes, joint ventures (JVs) and wholly-owned subsidiaries (WOS), and two performance measures, financial performance and termination rate. The results suggest that the extent of local ownership restrictions is negatively and significantly associated with the financial performance of WOS, whereas it does not directly influence that of JVs. There is no clear association between the extent of local ownership restrictions and the termination rate for the JV and WOS samples.     

FDI distribution within China: An integrative conceptual framework for analyzing intra-country FDI variations

The literature on foreign direct investment (FDI) has evolved in separate theoretical silos and a holistic conceptualization is yet to emerge. Research has focused mostly on inter-country differences and not much on explaining intra-country FDI variations. Traditionally FDI locations have been evaluated through country-level FDI determinants even though provinces differ widely in infrastructure and other attributes. Further, neither is the varying importance of FDI determinants to different industries factored in, nor are the differing FDI incentives from national and provincial governments integrated into a single framework. To address these gaps this study synthesizes insights from three streams of FDI research and develops an integrative conceptual framework that can comprehensively analyze intra-country FDI inflows. We demonstrate the usefulness of the framework by empirically analyzing FDI trends within China’s 31 provinces. The study thus makes a substantive contribution by offering scholars, policy-makers, and practitioners a holistic conceptual and methodological approach for understanding FDI trends within a country.     

FDI与环境协调发展研究

在经济全球化过程中,利用外资已成为经济快速增长的重要方式。FDI的进入对我国的经济发展起到了积极作用,同时也严重污染了环境。文章分析我国在利用FDI过程中出现的环境方面的问题,有针对性地提出一系列措施和建议。     

Some determinants and effects of FDI in Singapore

This article analyses the microeconomic determinants of effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Singapore by seven propositions, using the available secondary data. Variables discussed are related to the areas of industrial structure, economic growth, trade, international competitiveness, productivity and skill intensity. It attempts to draw a pattern on the determinants and effects of inward and outward FDI in Singapore.The research for this paper was partially funded by the Centre for International Business Studies, The University of Western Ontario. This paper is a revised version of a paper presented in Bellagio, Italy in October 1983 which will appear in Dunning (1985).The author is a Professor at the School of Business Administration, The University of Western Ontario.     

e-Relationships for e-Readiness: Culture and corruption in international e-B2B

The role of electronic networks in B2B relationships has been growing exponentially. From massive internet B2B exchanges to tiny RFID chips, B2B is increasingly becoming e-B2B. Whilst e-B2B has been explored intra-nationally, its international counterpart is less well documented; as has been the role that culture might play in the development of international e-B2B relationships. In this paper we address this important issue of international e-business relationships. Specifically we explore the interconnection between national e-readiness and cultural values, and address the research question: How do cultural values impact a nation's readiness to engage in e-business? Drawing upon international surveys we link cultural values with national e-business infrastructure. Our findings suggest an intriguing link between cultural values and a nation's readiness for e-B2B. From these results we develop managerial recommendations and extrapolate research opportunities.     

Women, Power and Trade Union Government in the UK

This paper addresses the under-explored relationship between women's structures and union democracy and argues that women's structural progress is mediated by an enduring gendered oligarchy and an associated struggle to access power resources. It provides, first, an analysis over time of women's structures in UK unions, and second, a case-study analysis of the Manufacturing, Science and Finance (MSF) trade union. The analysis over time demonstrates women's progress in achieving positional power, but conceals the complexity of the way different resources are used to constrain and enable women trade unionists.     

Competition,regulation, and broadband access to the internet

This paper reexamines the effect of the regulatory regime on both penetration and coverage of broadband access to the internet. The framework allows for an evaluation of policy initiatives, guidelines and measures to bridge the digital divide and to promote investment. A welfare analysis compares service-based with facilities-based competition and asks whether and how high-speed access to the internet should be subsidized. Using an approach similar to Valletti, Barros, and Hoernig (2002), the paper highlights the importance of population density for whether firms invest to provide internet access. The analysis reveals a trade-off between coverage and penetration.     

根治腐败的“后遗症“

近年来,封建迷信活动死灰复燃,且有蔓延之势,不仅在民间普通百姓中盛行,就连官场上的少数官员也深陷其中.他们有的占卜算命,身后跟着"大师"的身影:有的求神拜佛,双膝跪倒在泥塑的菩萨面前;有的观天看地,选择"风水宝地";有的大兴土木,建造"极品活墓",为自己安排"后世"……诸如此类,不胜枚举.     

学习《邓小平论党风廉政建设和反腐败》的体会

目前,腐败已经成为人们关注社会的一个焦点。腐败不除,国将不存,党将不存。如何反腐败,消除腐败,已成了人们的中心话题。结合当前开展的“三讲”教育活动和“三个代表”学习活动,集团公司党委对加强党风廉政建设和反腐败学习活动进行了统一部署,广泛开展了“四集中”活动,这是非常符合当前形势要求的。按照党委要求,笔者认真学习了《邓小平论党风廉政建设和反腐败》一书的十个章节中的全部内容,重新学习了集团公司的《党风廉政建设责任制实施细则》,“四集中”的学习资料以及学习计划中的各项内容,进而对反腐败的重大意义有了更深、更新、更…