城市商业银行内部资金转移定价体系研究

随着利率市场化进程的加快和金融市场竞争的加剧,城市商业银行应具有自主定价的能力。内部资金转移定价(FTP)作为一种精细化管理的基础工具,对我国城市商业银行的重要性也日益突出。文章通过分析探讨城市商业银行FTP机制的现状及问题,参考借鉴国内大中型银行的FTP实践经验,针对我国城市商业银行的资金管理水平、组织架构特点、市场定位、业务创新需要,提出了有关城市商业银行内部资金转移定价体系构建的全方位建议。     

城市商业银行内部资金转移定价体系研究

随着利率市场化进程的加快和金融市场竞争的加剧,城市商业银行应具有自主定价的能力.内部资金转移定价(FTP)作为一种精细化管理的基础工具,对我国城市商业银行的重要性也日益突出.文章通过分析探讨城市商业银行FTP机制的现状及问题,参考借鉴国内大中型银行的FTP实践经验,针对我国城市商业银行的资金管理水平、组织架构特点、市场定位、业务创新需要,提出了有关城市商业银行内部资金转移定价体系构建的全方位建议.     

村镇银行内部资金转移定价建设的梗阻与可行性方案——以大连地区村镇银行为例

2020年，为进一步疏通利率传导机制，不断提升金融机构定价能力和风险管理水平，中国人民银行要求中小金融机构加权内部资金转移定价（以下简称“FTP”）机制建设，并将LPR合理内嵌到FTP中。2021年第2季度货币政策执行报告显示：目前，全国性金融机构建立了FTP相关制度和系统，并不断完善挂钩LPR的贷款FTP机制，地方法人金融机构FTP机制建设不断完善，约63%已建立FTP管理制度，较LPR改革前提高了14个百分点。村镇银行占中小金融机构总数约41%，由于诸多因素限制，在构建FTP上面临较大挑战。本文将大连8家法人村镇银行作为调研对象，从业务定价流程、审批权限设置、决策架构管理等方面开展调研，以点扩面，试图分析村镇银行在构建FTP机制上存在困难的共性原因，并对现存问题提出合理化建议。     

FTP定价效应:商业银行利率传导的实证研究

本文从商业银行内部资金转移价格(FTP)定价机理入手,建立贷款利率决定模型,分析FTP对商业银行贷款利率传导的影响,并提出利率传导途径的新解释,基于某银行的微观数据,本文构建回归模型,对FTP与商业银行贷款利率的传导关系进行实证分析,考察是否存在市场利率传导的FTP定价效应。研究表明:FTP是商业银行贷款利率传导的重要影响因素;市场化FTP的引入显著改善了市场利率对贷款利率的传导。     

人类胚胎基因编辑中的权利冲突解析

在利率市场化改革深入推进的大背景下,中国人民银行指导市场利率定价自律机制发布了《关于将贷款市场报价利率纳入金融机构内部资金转移定价体系的实施指引》（以下简称“指引”）,明确要求贷款内部资金转移定价（FTP）曲线应参考贷款市场报价利率（LPR）,旨在发挥内部资金转移定价在利率传导过程中的重要作用,进一步打通市场利率向贷款利率传导的堵点。本文梳理了FTP曲线的主流构建方法,对商业银行如何将LPR引入到FTP曲线的构建模型进行研究,并通过案例进行分析,旨在为商业银行构建符合自身管理需要的FTP曲线提供方法,充分发挥FTP体系在货币政策利率传导中的作用,同时更好地引导商业银行对客户利率定价,不断提升利率定价的市场化、精细化、差异化水平,优化资源配置,提升服务实体经济的能力。     

坚守普惠定位推进LPR运用

<正>坚守普惠金融定位,充分发挥地方性法人银行的属地优势,最大程度将货币信贷政策精神传导至区域内实体经济,最快速度将利率定价导向传导到企业客户2019年8月,为深化利率市场化改革,推动降低实体经济融资成本,人民银行推进贷款市场报价利率(LPR)改革,提高贷款利率市场化程度,有效疏通了利率传导机制,成为我国利率市场化改革新的重大里程碑。两年多以来,LPR应用范围持续扩大,LPR改革潜力持续释放,按照"先增量、后存量"的步骤,完成新发放贷款和存量浮动贷款全部参照LPR定价。新冠肺炎疫情期间,政策利率迅速传导,带动LPR利率显著下行,贷款利率隐性下限被完全打破,实体经济融资成本明显降低,为企业快速复工复产和经济恢复常态发展提供了有效支持。同时,LPR逐渐成为商业银行内部资金转移定价(FTP)的主要参考基准,金融机构内部定价的市场化程度明显提升。2021年,人民银行优化存款利率监管,存款市场竞争环境进一步优化,银行资产负债之间的利率传导机制日益通畅,有效巩固了LPR改革成果。     

内部资金转移定价机制在我国商业银行中的运用

随着我国利率市场化的稳步推进,商业银行内部定价机制的重要性日益显现.商业银行需要对各种金融产品进行科学定价,而内部资金转移定价机制(即FTP)作为一种先进的精细化定价管理工具用于内部资金定价则是一个很好的方法.文章通过对国内多家商业银行内部资金转移定价机制的分析,在肯定内部资金转移定价机制积极作用的同时,也提出了执行中面临的困难和进一步完善内部资金转移定价机制的建议.     

浅析商业银行内部资金转移定价应用

内部资金转移定价(FTP)是商业银行内部资金中心与业务部门按照一定规则全额有偿转移资金,达到核算业务资金成本或收益等目的的一种内部经营管理模式。本文通过对FTP基本原理的研究,在借鉴国际商业银行内部资金转移定价的基础上,结合国内发展实际,提出国内商业银行应当顺应利率市场化要求,全方位构建内部资金转移定价模式。     

浅析商业银行内部资金转移定价应用

内部资金转移定价(FTP)是商业银行内部资金中心与业务部门按照一定规则全额有偿转移资金,达到核算业务资金成本或收益等目的的一种内部经营管理模式.本文通过对FTP基本原理的研究,在借鉴国际商业银行内部资金转移定价的基础上,结合国内发展实际,提出国内商业银行应当顺应利率市场化要求,全方位构建内部资金转移定价模式.     

农村法人金融机构利率定价机制现状调查——以江苏省镇江市8家法人金融机构为例

利率市场化进程加速对地方法人金融机构利率定价能力提出了更高的要求。通过对镇江辖内8家农村法人金融机构调查发现,农村法人金融机构初步建立了利率定价管理机制,定价能力逐步提升,但在定价方式、客户信用评级体系应用、定价效果评估、经济资本管理制度、内部资金定价机制等方面仍较为薄弱,适应利率市场化改革的能力还有待进一步增强。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

Properties of time-series estimates of degree of leverage measures

Empirical studies suggest that time-series regression estimates of the degrees of operating and financial leverage have a tendency to produce measures less than one. According to ex ante theory, these measures should be greater than one for firms operating above the breakeven point. There have also been suggestions that the biases in these estimates may be attributable to an underlying increase in unit sales. This work presents evidence that these counter-intuitive measures are produced by changes in the firm's operating parameters (unit price, variable cost, fixed cost and interest payments). It further suggests that attempts to control for the underlying change in unit sales substantially increase the volatility of predicted estimates.