中国海外投资保险立法初探

文章阐述了海外投资保险立法的涵义和价值,分析了中国海外投资现状及海外投资保险立法中存在的问题,考察了可资借鉴的美国式双边主义、日本式单边主义和联邦德国式混合主义的海外投资保险立法模式及其内容.最后,从立法模式、承保机构设置、保险范围、保险对象、投保人、代位求偿权的视角,对完善中国海外投资保险立法的对策及建议进行了探讨.     

基于不同消费者群体的保险消费实证分析——以杭州市民为典型分析案例

消费者的保险消费理念、消费行为是影响保险需求、保险业险种开发和设计的决定性因素。保险消费研究不仅对保险经营者具有重大的现实意义,还可以为政府监管部门和相关投资机构进行保险行业分析提供基础信息。本文通过对杭州市民保险消费现状的实地调研,结合多元统计方法将保险消费群体聚类,在充分了解不同消费者群体的消费特征、需求差异的基础上,提出了基于不同消费者群体的保险经营策略建议,以期对保险企业和政府监管部门提供有益的决策参考。     

区域保险贸易对WTO保险贸易体系的威胁与挑战

尽管区域保险贸易有全球保险贸易自由化的先行或示范作用,但从当前区域保险贸易合作组织运行的实际情况看,区域保险贸易本质上形成了对保险全球化的对抗.区域保险贸易中"特惠制"的歧视性及贸易转移的"负效应",削弱了WTO保险多边贸易体系的作用;而区域保险贸易合作组织的激增,形成了新的集团保护主义,对WTO保险多边贸易体系的进一步发展构成严峻的威胁与挑战.     

试论建立和完善保险公司财务管理体系新机制的思考

当前,国内保险公司机构庞大、人员及网点众多.但由于信息技术落后,资金分散,财务管理不力,不能形成网络上的优势和核心竞争力.本文就保险公司建立和完善财务管理体系的必要性进行了分析,同时提出了具体的管理新机制,以实现企业经营的最终目标价值最大化.     

苏南农民工社会保障的实证研究

苏南农民工社会保障虽略好于江苏全省情况,但仍存在不少问题。苏南民工就业劳动合同签订率低,大部分农民工未参加任何社会保险,参加医疗、养老、工伤、失业、生育和综合保险的人数比例低。苏南农民工主要就业于私营、个体和股份制企业,就业于集体、国有企业的也有一定的比例。农民工平均工作时间长,而月收入仅相当于本地居民平均收入的60-80%。其原因,除了劳动力过剩、城乡两元体系和关系网络外,主要是由于农民工受教育程度低,工会组织不健全等。     

Consumer empowerment: public policy and insurance regulation

This paper explores consumer advocacy as it applies to insurance regulation based on the literature and on the author's experience as a consumer representative and member of the Board of Trustees for the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC). The NAIC, founded in 1871, is a non‐profit voluntary organization of the chief insurance regulatory officials of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. One of its key objectives is to facilitate the fair and equitable treatment of consumers. Each year 13–16 consumer representatives are selected to speak for consumers at national meetings in addition to serving as year‐round resources to consumers, attorneys representing consumers, regulators, and other groups. Readers of the paper are encouraged to participate more fully in the public policy process. Although the focus of this paper is on insurance and regulation in the USA, the guiding principles apply to other nations, organizations, and consumer causes.     

美国医疗保障制度现状、问题与改革

美国的医疗保障体制是以私人商业医疗保险为主,由公共部门、私人部门和非营利性组织共同构成的,是全世界最复杂的医保体系。长期以来,美国的医疗体制因其高投入低产出———不覆盖全体国民、医疗保健可及性差以及制度缺乏公平性而为人垢病。因此,扩大医保的覆盖率和遏制费用飞涨成为医改主攻方向,美国政府和保险组织进行了一系列诸如管理保健和按病种付费等宏、微观的尝试和改革。从中我们可以得到一些对中国医疗体制改革有益的启示。     

Policy and practice in Germany

Abstract: In Germany, EU directives have been the primary source of consumer protection legislation in banking and financial services, especially legislation on consumer credit and investment services. Otherwise, there is little significant statute law, either at federal or provincial (Länder) level, apart from a recent Consumer Bankruptcy Law. Most consumer problems have to be solved within the framework of the very general Civil Code or the law on unfair contract terms. This means that there is strong emphasis on the role of the courts in interpreting the law in specific cases. In recent years consumer organizations have played an important part in bringing class action cases in the courts – notably on issues concerned with value dating, bank charges and the early termination of mortgage and insurance contracts. There is virtually no tradition of securing consumer protection through codes of conduct. Banking ombudsman schemes have been set up in recent years, but are subject to some criticisms by consumer organizations.     

Information richness on service business websites

Delivering rich information is the key success factor for service business websites. Numerous studies have investigated useful guidelines to deliver rich information. The implicit assumption made by these studies is individual homogeneity. This study argues that this is only one side of the story, as individual heterogeneity is also important. Specifically, this study questions relationships between personal dispositional factors and the person’s perception of information richness. Dispositional factors of interest are age and personality. This study adopted information processing theory as its theoretical lens. A review of literature through the lens leads to the development of six hypotheses. The insurance industry provided the context of this study. Data were collected from 110 potential customers of 10 insurance organizations. The Hierarchical Linear Modeling technique was utilized for model building and hypotheses testing. The result revealed that aging individuals often find information as low in richness. Furthermore, those with high consciousness and extraversion generally perceived information as higher in richness. Lastly, the other three dimensions of personality showed no association with information richness.     

The Morality of Everyday Activities: Not the Right,But the Good Thing To Do

This article attempts to understand and develop the morality of everyday activities in organizations. Aristotle’s concept of phronesis, practical wisdom, is utilized to describe the morality of the everyday work activities at two call centres of an Australian insurance company. The ethnographic data suggests that ethical judgements at the lower level of the organization are practical rather than theoretical; emergent rather than static; ambiguous rather than clear-cut; and particular rather than universal. Ethical codes are of limited value here and it is argued that by developing phronesis members of the organization can improve their capacity to deal with this ethical complexity.     

Is Your Banker Leaking Your Personal Information? The Roles of Ethics and Individual-Level Cultural Characteristics in Predicting Organizational Computer Abuse

Computer abuse (CA) by employees is a critical concern for managers. Misuse of an organization’s information assets leads to costly damage to an organization’s reputation, decreases in sales, and impositions of fines. We use this opportunity to introduce and expand the theoretic framework proffered by Thong and Yap (1998) to better understand the factors that lead individuals to commit CA in organizations. The study uses a survey of 449 respondents from the banking, financial, and insurance industries. Our results indicate that individuals who adhere to a formalist ethical perspective are significantly less likely to engage in CA activities than those following a utilitarian ethical framework. In addition, the results provide evidence that employees with individualistic natures are linked to increased CA incidents, whereas collectivist tendencies are associated with decreases in CA behaviors. Our results also show that collectivism acts as a strong moderator that further decreases the relationships between formalism and CA, and utilitarianism and CA. Finally, we offer detailed suggestions on how organizations and researchers can leverage our findings to decrease CA occurrences.     

Owner as Manager,Extended Horizons and the Family Firm

Previous work on firm ownership structure suggests that organizations in which ownership and control are combined may be undervalued relative to the market investment rule because decision makers have an incentive to forgo investment projects that managers in firms with specialized ownership find profitable. However, the specialization of ownership and decision-making functions may result in substantial agency costs. This paper shows that these tradeoffs may not exist in family firms. The extended horizons characteristic of family businesses may provide the necessary incentives for decision makers to invest according to the market rule while limiting agency costs that arise when ownership and control are separated. Family ties, loyalty, insurance, and stability are expected to be effective in lengthening the horizons of managers and in providing the incentives for family managers to make efficient investments in the family business.     

Policy and practice in the United Kingdom

Abstract: The UK currently has well-developed but very fragmented systems and structures for consumer protection in banking and financial services, including legislation, regulatory bodies and various forms of self-regulation. At the time of writing, the government has launched proposals for a much more integrated, statute-based system that would cover a large part of the market place and that would be implemented by a single new regulatory body, the Financial Services Authority. However, a number of significant details are still absent from the proposals or are the subject of strong criticism, either from the industry side or from consumer organizations. Also, some types of life assurance, non-life insurance and most mortgage lending may remain outside the proposed new system. It remains to be seen when the proposals will become law and what precise form they will take.     

船舶建造保险期限如何规定

船舶建造保险,顾名思义,是以建造中的船舶或者其他水上浮动物体为标的的保险,其风险责任范围兼有船舶险、普通财产险、工程险、货物运输险、责任险和船舶保赔保险的责任范围。     

安徽省财产保险业务结构调整探析

以安徽省财产保险业务发展为例,分析了现行财产保险业务结构存在的问题,如机动车辆保险占比过高,企业财产保险、货物运输保险比例逐年下降,责任保险、信用保证保险和农业保险开展不足等。应通过加快发展非车险业务,做精做细车险业务、加大对农业保险的支持力度,积极推进保险产品创新并通过成立数据分析中心提高决策的科学性加以解决。     

Determinants of an Organization’s Website Ease of Use: The Moderating Role of Product Tangibility

The ease of use of an organization’s website is central to determining users’ experiences and behavioral intentions. Understanding how the site-related factors contribute to shaping perceived ease of use is thus critical. Nonetheless, we contend that the relative importance of these factors in shaping ease of use may vary according to the product offered by the organization. This research hypothesizes that the information quality of a website and its interactivity and aesthetics are antecedents to perceived ease of use and that the relative tangibility of the offered products moderates these relationships. The hypotheses are examined by performing a large-scale study in which each participant performs a task on one of 59 organizational websites. The study’s hypotheses were supported, and the results were then replicated using a second study conducted on a French-speaking sample. Site information quality is the strongest predictor of perceived ease of use, followed by the site interactivity and aesthetics. The results, however, underscore the moderating role of product tangibility. While the effects of interactivity and aesthetics are greater for sites offering services (e.g., communication, travel, insurance, and financial services), the effect of information quality is stronger for sites offering tangible products (e.g., electronics, books, and home improvement goods). The findings suggest that organizations offering tangible products should focus on providing their sites’ visitors with quality information, whereas organizations offering services should primarily focus on their sites’ aesthetics, interactive, and personalization features.     

The effects of leader‐member exchange and employee learning on perceived employability

In today’s rapidly changing society, the critical issues for organizations are how to attract individuals with high‐level employability and what role to play in maintaining and enhancing that employability. This study primarily aimed to investigate the effects of leader‐member exchange and employee learning on perceived employability. The literature review showed that leader‐member exchange is about the mutual relationship between the leader and members of an organization, and that employee learning consists in the individual employees’ continuing learning behaviours. The data for this study were collected from 257 South Korean insurance company employees. The study findings demonstrated that leader‐member exchange has a significant positive influence on the one dimension of perceived employability: corporate sense. Employee learning, on the contrary, was shown to have statistically significant positive effects on all the five dimensions of employability. Conclusions were drawn, and the implications and limitations of the study are discussed.     

牲畜保险、需求与参与率研究——基于浙江省生猪养殖户微观数据的实证研究

牲畜保险是农业保险的重要组成部分,生猪保险作为大宗农产品的风险保障近年来受到政府高度重视。农业保险参与率问题是农业保险的基本问题,生猪保险参与率的研究相对较少。本文利用一手资料对生猪保险的需求进行研究,使用Logistic模型,采用农户疫苗花费等代理变量对生猪保险参与率问题进行了实证研究,并对农户退保行为进行分析。研究发现:影响农户生猪保险参与率的因素主要有农户的风险规避程度、对生猪保险认知程度、养猪规模等变量。降低生猪保险理赔环节和交易成本,提高农户对农业保险的认识可以在一定程度上提高生猪保险参与率。     

我国保险业资本运营战略定位与基本路径选择

面对国际保险业金融化趋势和混业经营时代的到来,我国保险业要想在竞争激烈的市场环境中提升自己的核心竞争力,做到快速成长与发展,就必须紧紧依托资本市场,通过收购兼并、保险资金投资、保险证券化、保险产品与服务开发和资本市场工具对接,以及海内外上市等基本手段,向银行、证券、信托、基金等非保险金融领域渗透,培育多元化保险(金融)集团,尽快实现保险业混业经营。     

入世对上海航运保险业的影响

首先,简要回顾了上海航运保险业曾经辉煌及急剧下降的发展历史,接着从保险供给、保险需求和保险功能三方面分析了入世对上海航运保险业的影响:再次,从功能发挥及市场结构两个方面分析了入世后上海航运保险业存在的不足及原因,最后,提出了三点政策建议。