“模拟公司”教学模式在《外贸跟单》课程中的应用

“外贸跟单”作为国际贸易专业的一门必修课程,针对的是国际贸易工种之一外贸跟单员的而开设的,本文将探索“模拟公司”教学模式在这门课程中的教学应用,以跟单员的工作流程为基础,提供给学生模拟的公司工作环境、可操作的项目任务、完善的技能训练设计,以培养学生适用于实际的外贸跟单工作岗位所需的操作能力。     

基于工作过程的《外贸跟单实务》课程改革的再改进和教材创新

一些基于工作过程的外贸跟单实务课程改革只注重形式,缺乏调研和系统设计,没有提出典型工作任务,造成不同学习情境中工作内容大量重复,并缺少以英语环境为基础的实践项目的开发,操作性不强,不能适应培养具有相当英语基础的外贸跟单员的需要。在本文中,我们提出了如何改善上述问题,并实现教材设计上的创新。     

劳动者造成单位损失 单位救济途径分析（一）

某服装外贸公司,聘请一名具有多年服装质检经验的张师傅担任跟单员,月薪5000元。张师傅进入公司后,迅速开展起工作。先后多次出差到绣花厂、服装厂负责货号为2081#、2082#两起跟单。这两批货均是接受美国客户指令,生产成男士衬衣后出口至美国的。     

中小外贸企业人才需求特征调查与分析

在河北省对外贸易快速发展背景下,外贸人才的重要性日益突出。了解外贸企业人才需求特征,可以为外贸类专业毕业生明确学习目标提供借鉴,也可以为外贸企业招聘合适人才提供帮助。调研结果表明:外贸企业对外贸人才的需求层次向多元化方向发展,外贸业务员和外贸跟单员的岗位需求数量比其他岗位需求数量大,外贸企业更关注员工的工作态度、外语水平和实践能力。     

中小外贸企业人才需求特征调查与分析

在河北省对外贸易快速发展背景下,外贸人才的重要性日益突出。了解外贸企业人才需求特征,可以为外贸类专业毕业生明确学习目标提供借鉴,也可以为外贸企业招聘合适人才提供帮助。调研结果表明：外贸企业对外贸人才的需求层次向多元化方向发展,外贸业务员和外贸跟单员的岗位需求数量比其他岗位需求数量大,外贸企业更关注员工的工作态度、外语水平和实践能力。     

试析UCP600在单据处理上的变化

本文以跟单信用证统一惯例（UCP）的修订为背景,分析了2007年7月1日实施的修订后的跟单信用证统一惯例（UCP600）在外贸制单和审单方面与1993年通过的跟单信用证统一惯例（UCP500）相比发生的变化。     

试析UCP600在单据处理上的变化

本文以跟单信用证统一惯例(UCP)的修订为背景,分析了2007年7月1日实施的修订后的跟单信用证统一惯例(UCP600)在外贸制单和审单方面与1993年通过的跟单信用证统一惯例(UCP500)相比发生的变化。     

浅析服装企业外贸人员素质

跟其它外贸企业一样,外贸人才的存量和积聚是服装企业核心竞争力的重要因素.外贸业人员队伍的稳定,外贸人员素质的提高,直接关系到服装企业能否在激烈的市场竞争中生存和发展.因此,在当前形势下,服装企业外贸人员应具备以下素质;个人素质要高,服务意识要强;专业素质和工作能力要高.服装企业应从专业知识、服务水平与人际交往能力等实用性、实效性方面培训业务员的素质.     

剖析服装外贸尾货市场

文章从服装外贸尾货市场这一业态的现状入手,重点分析服装外贸尾货的来源、表现形式及主要销路,最后对服装外贸尾货市场的发展趋势作出预测。     

国际经济与贸易专业本科生职业能力与素质培养的思考

外贸企业对毕业生不仅要求其掌握外贸业务操作、单据缮制、跟单操作等专业知识,具备外贸业务操作、宏观经济形势分析预测、统筹规划等专业能力,而且要求具备正确的人生观和价值观、人际关系处理适当、与企业文化相融等基本素质。本文就国际经济与贸易专业本科毕业生应具备的能力、素质做出了论述,对培养方法提出了思考。     

EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION LEGISLATION AND THE GROWTH OF THE SERVICE SECTOR IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

In modern developed economies it is the service sector that generates jobs. In Anglo-Saxon economies, where employment protection legislation is low and unions comparatively weak, services account for three-quarters of income and four-fifths of jobs. Yet in France, Germany and Italy, where the reverse is true, the service sector accounts for much less of the economy in terms of income and jobs. This article shows that employment protection legislation – defended by trade unions still dominating manufacturing in continental Europe – results in higher unemployment rates and also negatively affects the growth of services.     

Trade union membership and dismissals

In Germany, there is no trade union membership wage premium and a membership fee of 1% of the gross wage. Therefore, prima facie, there are strong incentives to free-ride on the benefits of trade unionism. We establish empirical evidence for a private gain from trade union membership which has hitherto not been documented: in Western Germany, union members are less likely to lose their jobs than non-members. In particular, using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel we are able to show that roughly 50% of the observed raw differential in individual dismissal rates can be explained by the estimated average partial effect of union membership.     

Attitudes to work and trade unionism among white-collar workers

In spite of the fact that the nature of their jobs is becoming closer to that of the manual worker, white collar workers still appear to see themselves in an essentially intermediate status in an organization, and this is reflected in their attitudes towards their work and towards trade unionism.     

Scheduling independent jobs on nonuniform, unequal processors

The problem of scheduling n independent jobs on a single processor to minimize the total tardiness of the assignment has attracted much attention. Solution algorithms, both exact and approximate, have been reported, but no polynomial time exact algorithm has yet been found, nor has the problem been proven NP-complete.In this paper we consider the more general case of scheduling n independent jobs on m unequal processors to minimize total tardiness. Since this problem is more complex than the corresponding single-processor problem, no polynomial-time algorithm is in sight. For problems of this nature, approximate algorithms may be more valuable than exact algorithms in terms of applications. A heuristic algorithm is developed to solve the multiple-processor problem. Computational experiments show that the heuristic algorithm is efficient, fast, and easy to implement.     

The trade union movement and work-sharing policies in interwar Britain*

In recent years there has been a great deal of interest in work-sharing as a generator of new jobs. This article assesses the attitude of the trade unions to this policy in interwar Britain. It argues that work-sharing was an element in the employment programme of the union movement.     

基于拉动的flowshop车间手工作业线人员定额研究

为了实现制造企业流水车间手工作业线人员配置的优化,本文对比不同的生产方式下人员配置的方法,对拉动模式下的流水车间手工作业岗位人员配置的影响因素进行了细致分析。运用数学方法,构建人员配置运算函数,并以此为基础开发了岗位人员配置模型,对企业的人员配置状态进行全面准确的调整。     

Offshoring of routine tasks and (de)industrialisation: Threat or opportunity—And for whom?

Offshoring, or overseas sourcing of routine tasks, generates efficiency gains that benefit consumers and workers with skills similar to those whose very jobs are threatened by offshoring. Essentially, the interaction between offshoring, footloose capital and agglomeration economies locks the comparative advantage of advanced nations in complex or strategic functions while labour services in ‘routine’ tasks, the coordination of which is easily codified, are provided by low-wage developing nations through the fibre optic cable. In this framework, the partial-equilibrium view that offshoring is necessarily detrimental to workers in advanced nations is misguided because the implicit counterfactual—that keeping the off-shored jobs would have no macroeconomic impact on the economy—is not warranted. In addition, inasmuch as routine tasks create few positive feedbacks, trade in tasks can be an impediment to income convergence, unlike trade in goods. In short, this paper qualifies the views that offshoring hurts workers in the North and accelerates income convergence between the North and the South.     

A structural model of US aggregate job flows

This paper contributes to the analysis of jobs flows dynamics through the explicit modelling of job creations and job destructions. We propose a simple matching model extended for endogenous separation and tractable heterogeneity. The parameters of the model are estimated using a simulation‐based estimation method. We then test the ability of trade externalities, generated by the matching process, to (i) propagate reallocation and aggregate disturbances in the whole labor market and (ii) generate the observed distribution of aggregate job flows. The results clearly indicate that the model is able to match the dynamics of US aggregate job flows. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The intensification of work in Europe

Across many European countries, the 1990s have witnessed an intensification of labour effort. Using data from The European Survey on Working Conditions (ESWCs), we find that Britain has experienced the fastest rise in work effort, while in western Germany, Denmark and Greece there has been very little effort intensification. Effort is higher in jobs that use computers more frequently, and, with the exception of Britain, higher in private sector than public sector jobs. Effort has increased faster in countries where trade union density has declined the most. However, there remains a significant shift in effort that is not accounted for by available explanatory variables.     

Work redesign: Eight obstacles and opportunities

Successful work‐design initiatives must overcome many obstacles in order to have their intended impact.This article outlines eight obstacles to work redesign: (1) influences on multiple outcomes, (2) trade‐offs between different approaches, (3) difficulty in choosing appropriate units of analysis, (4) difficulty in predicting the nature of the job, (5) complications from individual differences, (6) job enlargement occurring without job enrichment, (7) creating new jobs as part of growth or downsizing, and (8) differences between longterm and short‐ term effects. This article examines the nature of these eight obstacles, reviews prior research on this topic, and outlines suggestions for managing these obstacles in practice. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.