From original equipment manufacturing to branding: entrepreneurship,strategic leadership,and Taiwan’s firm transformation

This paper investigates firm transformation from original equipment manufacturing (OEM) to original brand manufacturing (OBM) based on variant experiences of Taiwan’s top global brands. Taking the competitive advantage of practicing OEM for multinational corporations (MNCs), latecomer firms can generate capital and accumulate capabilities by engaging with the global production network. Rarely does every firm transform into a global enterprise. We propose that only entrepreneurs with strategic leadership competence, which serves to manage a delicate balance between stability and change in a firm, are capable to facilitate firm transformation from OEM to a global enterprise practicing OBM. We provide an analytical framework that combines the research fields of entrepreneurship, strategic management, and leadership to analyze firm growth and firm transformation of Taiwanese firms. In light of possible branding dilemma when straddling dual-track businesses, successful transforming firms can alleviate this problem either by separating their OBM units from their OEM units or by creating a symbiotic relationship with their MNC customers. How Taiwanese firms first took advantage of initiating OEM to create capital and capabilities and later transformed into OBM provide useful experiences for other latecomer firms.     

苏锡常制造业竞争力评析

从产业总体规模、资本运营能力、对外竞争能力、技术创新能力以及可持续发展能力等五个方面选取26项指标,运用主成分分析法,对苏州、无锡、常州三市的制造业竞争力以及制造业内部的28个行业的竞争力进行评价,并对如何增强苏锡常制造业竞争力提出了若干对策和建议。     

浅谈第三方物流企业核心能力的培育

主要研究了第三方物流企业核心能力的表现和培育。阐述了第三方物流企业只有从自身的特点出发，结合具体的战略实施，培育最为稳定、最有竞争性、最不易为竞争对手获得的独特“战略资产”，才能获得长久的竞争优势。     

Strategic entrepreneurship and competitive advantage of established firms: evidence from the digital TV industry

Although strategic entrepreneurship in established firms is recognized as a vital source of sustainable competitive advantage, this field has no clearly developed research paradigm. This study proposes a conceptual framework to investigate dimensions of strategic entrepreneurship and its function in sustainable competitive advantage of established firms in a modern volatile environment, through the lens of the dynamic capability view. By conducting a systematic literature review of previous research documents and considering conceptual interrelationships between strategic entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities, we propose categories that comprise dimensions of a firm’s strategic entrepreneurship: environmental sensing, opportunity seizing, strategic flexibility, entrepreneurial orientation and organizational learning. We establish a conceptual framework of strategic entrepreneurship in which entrepreneurs’ managerial capabilities of environmental sensing, opportunity seizing, strategic flexibility and entrepreneurial orientation closely interact with organizational learning, thereby facilitating sustainable performance of established firms. Following empirical studies of established firms in the digital TV manufacturing industry, the proposed conceptual framework suggests that each dimension of strategic entrepreneurship plays a critical role in competitive advantage of firms. In addition, case study results indicate that a firm’s position and evolutionary path form antecedent factors influencing entrepreneurs’ managerial capabilities and organizational learning of established firms.     

基于市场与能力协调观的敏捷制造战略实证研究

以市场与能力的协调理论为基础,研究敏捷制造战略模型.通过对战略合理模型和制造战略理论的研究,提出企业的敏捷制造战略决策应该以企业对市场环境和自身能力的协调为依据.在国际制造业战略调查数据库的支持下,文章主要分析了制造能力对竞争战略态势认知和敏捷制造战略决策关系的调节效应.实证结果显示,产品的产量柔性和上市时间受到竞争战略态势认知和制造能力交互变量的影响.     

制造企业的服务化发展模式

目前制造企业的服务化已形成一种潮流和发展趋势。文章立足于企业战略的角度,从价值链理论出发分析了服务转型的动因,服务化给制造企业带来的战略意义以及服务化变革过程中的挑战和应对措施,从而使企业通过服务转型获得一定的可持续竞争优势。     

Strategic human resource management,human capital and competitive advantage: is the field going in circles?

The resource‐based view (RBV) of the firm has been consistently used as a backdrop in strategic human resource management (SHRM) research and has the potential to bridge the ‘micro–macro’ divide. The tension between the SHRM and the strategic human capital literature, however, signifies that RBV has not reached its potential. In this paper, we begin with a brief review of the conceptual logic linking human resource management (HRM) practices and firm outcomes that aim at highlighting the different treatment of RBV in the SHRM and strategic human capital literatures. We then propose a conceptual model that suggests that HRM practices are not simple levers that enable firms to create sustainable competitive advantage, as most of the strategic human capital research postulates. On the contrary, we argue that HRM practices can contribute to a firm's sustainable competitive advantage not only by enhancing employees' ability, and offering motivation and opportunities, but also by shaping supply‐side and demand‐side mobility constraints.     

Evaluating the operational performance of knowledge-based industries: the perspective of intellectual capital

Performance evaluation is more than a quantitative concept but should also take industrial characteristics into account in order to form an accurate evaluation. In the past, evaluations of the operational performance of knowledge-based industries have missed out a significant factor, which is intellectual capital (IC). By adopting data envelopment analysis (DEA), a multiple-objective decision making method, this study aims to construct an efficiency evaluation model for the Taiwanese digital content industry based on the perspective of IC. The empirical results suggest that the scale of the digital content companies does play an important role in influencing the operating efficiency. The firms have a small amount of capital can still attain optimal efficiency, from the perspective of IC. In addition, human resource capital and customer capital are the most significant influential factors that deserve digital content firms’ attention. It is suggested that enterprises in the digital content industries should focus more on managing their IC. DEA can provide the semiconductor firms’ operations with insights into resource allocation and competitive advantage as well as help with strategic decision-making.     

中国中小化妆品企业营销渠道分析

步入二十一世纪,激烈的市场竞争和强大的技术变革使得越来越多的公司发现依靠营销组合中的产品、价格、促销这些策略来获得竞争优势已经相当困难,而营销组合中的第四个"P",即营销渠道,由于其战略性的特点,使得竞争对手难于在短期内模仿,对获得竞争优势来说,它比其它要素更能提供潜在力量,因而更多的公司开始转而研究如何利用营销渠道争取竞争优势。本文正是基于对营销渠道在培养企业长期竞争优势中重要性的认识,分析中小化妆品企业营销渠道现状,指出调整对策。     

基于价值链的竞争对手成本分析研究

随着经济全球化,企业所面临的经营环境和管理模式发生了深刻的变化,企业必须站在战略的高度,培育企业长期的竞争优势,以适应不断变化的竞争环境。了解企业所在行业和市场以及参与竞争的对手,从而采取有效的竞争战略,是企业经营者们必须考虑的重要课题。本文探索通过与竞争对手价值链进行定性的和定量的比较发现本企业的优势和劣势,并通过控制成本动因、重构价值链等途径达到持久成本领先的目的。     

Environmental performance and competitive advantage in Canada's paper industry

A new environmental performance model is developed, explained and subsequently applied to a study of the Canadian recycled paper industry. The strategic position of the industry is explored as it takes the progressive steps needed to improve its environmental performance and competitive advantage in response to this rising regulatory agenda. Three policy options facing the Canadian pulp and paper industry are examined: the status quo, process technology innovation and product development. The strategic position of the industry is also examined using measurement of stance, attitude, government response, values, planning horizon and environmental integration. The supplier-consumer relationship, capital-technology and locational factors are also used to further discuss the links between competitive advantage and environmental performance. From this discussion, conclusions are drawn on competitive environmentalism: ethics and profit are compatible; newsprint mills must improve their locational, technology and market actions; the industry must proactively seek out environmental market and stakeholder opportunities and; further management research is needed to demonstrate the links between environmental performance, innovation and competitiveness.     

广东装备制造业低碳化智能化发展研究

近年来,广东装备制造业发展取得了巨大成就,目前正在为实现可持续发展寻求新的发展方向和思路。本文指出广东装备制造业仍未摆脱以能源高消耗、环境高成本、外资高依赖为竞争特点的粗放型发展模式,剖析了其存在着技术创新能力不足,竞争模式单一等问题,从走低碳化之路、发展高端智能化产业、完善竞争机制等方面提出了发展广东装备制造业的对策建议。     

Industry,management capabilities and firms' competitiveness: An empirical contribution

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the knowledge of strategic factors that explain the competitive position reached by firms in their activity sector. We have used a survey carried out in 1999 on 287 executives that belong to the service sector in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. We have analysed the differential factors that distinguish the strategic performance of competitive vis‐à‐vis non‐competitive firms, by jointly assessing the variables representative of the sector (five competitive forces defined by Porter) and variables of an internal feature. Finally, we have moved the level of analysis from the industry to the firm; specifically, we have focused on managerial capabilities due to the significant role played by managers in the strategic decision‐making process. The use of cluster analysis to classify firms depending on their degree of competitiveness and the application of the See5 induction algorithm of rules and decision trees to determine the differential factors that distinguish competitive from non‐competitive firms, provide a methodological framework for the most significant contributions of this work. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

If HR were really strategically proactive: Present and future directions in HR's contribution to competitive advantage

Current business conditions mandate greater competitive advantage from HR agendas and processes. To add greater competitive advantage, HR must contribute strategic value against criteria from customer and capital markets. HR can add strategic value either reactively or proactively. In its strategically reactive mode, HR assumes the existence of a business strategy and adds value by linking HR practices to the business strategy and by managing change. In its strategically proactive mode, HR creates competitive advantage by creating cultures of creativity and innovation, by facilitating mergers and acquisitions, and by linking internal processes and structures with ongoing changes in the marketplace. This article defines and describes these specific practices through which HR can contribute to greater competitive advantage. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

中国装备制造业产业结构调整中外资修复作用的实证研究

在构建外资和产业结构偏离度模型的基础上,采用动态GMM估计方法分析外资对中国装备制造业产业结构调整的修复作用。结果表明,外资对中国装备制造业整体上具有短期和长期修复失调的作用;外资对中国装备制造业内部结构效应存在异质性。政府在制定外资引进政策时,应该考虑行业的人力资本禀赋因素,将其引进人力资本较高的资本密集型装备制造业,充分发挥外资对产业结构失调修复结构效应和要素间的耦合作用。     

基于SWOT分析的深圳市数字装备制造业的现状和发展研究

在经济全球化和产业转移背景下,数字装备制造业是深圳装备制造业利用自身优势进行发展的重大机遇,文章根据SWOT模型分析深圳市数字装备制造业的现状,提出利用深圳市发达的电子及通信设备制造业基础、良好的数字信息技术研究和应用基础,以及高级人才易于聚集的优势,以电子工业专用设备制造业为主业,大力发展基础设备和零部件制造业,通过扶持相关科技产业和服务业完善产业链。     

Forecasting innovation performance via neural networks—a case of Taiwanese manufacturing industry

In the ‘knowledge economies’ era, most managers have discovered that technology can be considered as the key asset in sustaining the competitive advantage of their corporations. Many researchers have tried to discuss the relationships between technological performance and other influential factors, such as strategic management, information resources, etc. But they do not mention the issues concerning how each dimension influences innovation performance and how to forecast innovation performance based on these dimensions. This study presents a forecasting model that predicts innovation performance using technical informational resources and clear innovation objectives. Specifically, we propose a neural network approach, which utilizes the Back-Propagation Network (BPN) to solve this problem. Also we examine the results and compare them to those attained using the statistical regression method. The result shows that the BPN method outperforms the statistical regression method as far as forecasting performance concerned. With this method, a decision maker can predict innovation performance and adjust allocated resources to match his/her company's innovation objectives.     

谋局胜于夺势——战略营销的理性思考

随着世界经济迅速发展,科学技术突飞猛进,经济全球化趋势日益明显。中国面临着全新的挑战,产业和市场竞争更加激烈,以往传统的营销手段已失去了往日的辉煌。面对强大的竞争对手,每个企业的生存都必须立足于全球竞争战略的高度来认识战略营销,才能发挥企业的竞争优势,推动企业的可持续发展。     

Strategic real options under asymmetric information

This paper studies the effect of private information on the capital allocation decisions of firms who operate under imperfect competition. I analyze two interactive firms, one with private information and the other without, who must decide when to undertake an irreversible and uncertain investment decision. Traditional non-strategic models of irreversible investment under uncertainty involve a single decision maker and result in an optimal period of delay before the investment is undertaken. In a strategic setting, firms must balance their desire to delay against competitive advantages from early investment. I find that an equilibrium may not exist within the standard continuous framework when the private information is over revenues. Moreover, when an equilibrium does exist the competitive pressures from the uninformed firm are weak. This is in contrast to existing models with asymmetric information over costs, where an equilibrium always exists and the competitive pressures remain strong (Hsu and Lambrecht, 2007). This work shows that the investment timing decision, and thus the value of the private information, is highly sensitive to the nature of incomplete information.     

我国图书出版业成本管理研究——基于战略的视角

我国经济体制改革的深化及WTO的加入,对我国的图书出版业形成了巨大的冲击。本文认为,出版业只有站在战略的高度,增强战略成本管理意识,才能从根本上降低成本,形成成本竞争优势,增强竞争力。