去产能企业债转股的市场化机制研究

按市场化原则实施"债转股"是巩固2015年至今去产能的阶段性成果、建立化解过剩产能的长效机制、妥善处置去产能企业债务问题的有效途径之一。实现去产能企业的市场化运作,需要客观分析去产能企业债务状况的变化,准确把握去产能企业债务结构的特殊性,明确对去产能企业实施债转股的前提条件,从按市场化原则选择债转股实施对象、确定债转股价格、筹集债转股资金、确定持股人地位、确定股权退出方式、明确非金融债务债转股准则六个方面入手,有效推进去产能企业债转股市场化机制的建立。     

An economic analysis of matrix structure,using multinational corporations as an illustration

This paper applies a comparative institutional perspective to the organizational design called matrix structure. After discussing the motivations for a multidimensional form of organization, the paper compares the transaction cost characteristics of the matrix (MX-form) structure with those of the well-known multidivisional (M-form) structure. This analysis reveals three advantages and three disadvantages of the matrix structure as well as two conditions affecting the efficacy of a matrix. Examples from multinational corporations are used throughout the paper to illustrate the analysis. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The effects of ownership structure and diversification strategy on performance

This study developed and tested a model that attempts to describe the influence of ownership structure and diversification strategy on performance. Results based on data from a crosssectional set of 228 Fortune 500 firms suggested that ownership structure and diversification explain differences in performance between firms.     

Internal organization and enterprise performance: Some UK evidence

The research reported in this paper is based upon the theoretical work of O. E. Williamson (1970, 1975) concerning the impact of internal organizational form upon business behaviour and enterprise financial performance. A sample of 144 large UK firms are classified according to the organizational classification scheme developed by Williamson and Bhargava (1972). An empirical investigation is then undertaken which lests for the impact of organisational form upon financial performance. The results are broadly consistent with both theoretical predictions and the findings of other researchers in so far as the pure M-form (multidivisional) structure is found to be associated with superior profitability. However, the evidence also suggests that the frequency of occurrence of pure M-form firms as a subset of all multidivisions may be rather lower than previously thought, and the closeness of the multidivisional/pure M-form link is questioned.     

Firm Complexity and Capital Structure: Evidence from Italian Diversified Firms

This paper examines the links between product diversification, international diversification and capital structure for a panel of medium and large Italian firms. The results indicate that the interaction between these two dimensions of diversification strategy has a negative and significant impact on leverage. Furthermore, debt maturity analysis reveals that firms pursuing a simultaneous dual diversification strategy have, in particular, lower long‐term debt ratios. Our findings support the hypothesis that the complexity that comes from diversification reduces debt levels. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

企业多元化战略实施的职业经理人激励研究——基于多任务委托代理理论

摘要本文运用Holmstrom—Milgrom的多任务委托代理理论，提出假设，并建立企业多元化战略实施的职业经理人激励模型。依据模型给出了信息对称和非对称条件下的多元化战略职业经理人激励措施。并对多元化战略实施的激励措施的设计提出了对策建议。     

The Influence of Environmental Pressures, Diversification Strategy, and Union/Nonunion Setting on Employee Participation

This study tests the hypotheses that environment, diversification strategy, and union/nonunion setting affect the number and variety of employee participation programs. A survey of large U.S. manufacturing firms measured the implementation of employee participation programs. Regression results suggest that environmental pressures exert a direct effect on participation in union settings. However, in nonunion settings, environment and diversification strategy both correlated directly with participation. These results suggest that unions could potentially affect participation program implementation.     

Sustainable development and environmental policy: The engagement of stakeholders in green products in Vietnam

Facing the challenge of environmental degradation in Vietnam, a growing number of firms have begun to integrate environmental management systems into their business strategies and develop green product diversification strategies. On the basis of the stakeholder theory, this paper attempts to explore the influences of stakeholders on the implementation of horizontal and vertical green product diversification. Empirical results show that foreign customers play a significant role in driving companies to adopt strategy of green product diversification. For foreign‐invested enterprises, the effect is limited to the adoption of horizontal green product diversification. It further reveals that institutional weakness, lack of transparency, community stakeholders, and regulatory stakeholders have no significant effect on the corporate green product strategy.     

RELATIONSHIPS AMONG CORPORATE LEVEL DISTINCTIVE COMPETENCIES, DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGY, CORPORATE STRUCTURE AND PERFORMANCE

Recent evidence suggests that large multibusiness firms can enhance performance by developing and exploiting corporate level distinctive competencies. In this study of 185 industrial firms, the relationships between corporate level distinctive competencies and performance were examined across firms using different diversification strategies and having different corporate structures. The corporate level distinctive competencies/performance relationships were found to vary by type of diversification strategy but not by type of corporate structure. In addition, only a small relationship was found to exist between diversification strategy and corporate structure. The specific relationships between corporate level distinctive competencies and performance and their normative implications are explored.     

Organizational structure and effective environmental management

Success in ‘greening’ a business organization is likely to depend on an appropriate environmental management structure being developed in accordance with the general structure of the organization and then receiving the appropriate support from senior and middle management. The failure to assure such a relationship may provide an explanation of the development of gaps between policy and practice. This article explores differing choices in the structure of the environmental function in a number of UK regional electricity companies and how these choices impact upon the management of environmental issues, producing different outcomes. The paper argues that the environmental structure that is, either consciously or by default, adopted by a company would seem to have some impact on how environmental issues are perceived and dealt with by that company. Therefore, such a decision has the capacity to shape environmental strategy in its implementation and possibly even its conception. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment     

上市公司分散化战略分析

本文调查了747家上市公司的成长性及其产业特征,考察了分散化的价值效应,探索了分散化战略对企业价值的影响方向。研究结果显示,分散化企业较之非分散化企业具有更高的成长性,即使在控制了企业规模、资产结构、财务杠杆以及股权结构等因素的影响之后,分散化对企业价值仍然存在显著的正向解释力。通过分析企业成长性的产业效应,进一步验证了分散化的溢价效应。同时还预测了分散化组织优势源于债务融资的税盾收益以及有效的内部资本市场所产生的财务协同效应。研究表明,在不发达的金融体系中分散化战略具有价值创造功能。     

多元化程度与盈余持续性:机会抑或威胁?

基于资源基础观与代理理论,利用我国A股上市公司2011—2017年的数据,探讨企业多元化经营对盈余持续性的影响。研究表明,企业多元化显著降低了盈余持续性,且多元化程度越高,企业的盈余持续性越低;这一负向关系在非沉淀性组织冗余水平高、市场竞争地位高以及机构投资者持股比例高的企业中得到缓解,而沉淀性组织冗余则会强化上述关系。研究结论为多元化企业调整资源结构、加强市场竞争力以及资本市场参与者理解企业盈余信息提供参考。     

基于核心竞争力的多元化经营战略

分析研究了企业为何要选择多元化战略,企业进行多元化战略的最佳时机以及企业如何在具体的市场环境中实施多元化战略;通过对多元化战略的利弊进行探析,指出企业应该根据自身核心竞争力制定其多元化战略,以求得企业利润的最大化。     

Technological Expansion: the Interaction Between Diversification Strategy and Organizational Capability

This study analyses technological expansion by examining the interaction between firms' diversification strategy and internal capabilities. We argue that when new technologies emerge, firms that were actively pursuing diversification do not have equal intention to adopt the technologies. For firms that possess internal capabilities similar or relevant to the new technologies, their diversification strategy facilitates technological expansion, otherwise diversification strategy negatively affects technological adoption. This study improves our understanding on technological expansion. Existing studies try to identify organizational characteristics that facilitate or impede firm entry into new technological fields. This research reveals that the same organizational characteristic (e.g. diversification strategy) can exhibit different effects on technological adoption. It facilitates technological expansion if firms' existing capabilities can be applied to new technologies, otherwise it impedes new technological adoption.     

Diversification,capital structure,and performance: A simultaneous equation approach

This paper examines the relationships between diversification, capital structure, and performance jointly on the financial sector. Our dataset covers 412 French financial institutions over the period ranging from 2002 to 2012. Furthermore, we use a three‐stage least squares to check reverse causality. Our three‐stage least squares results show positive significant simultaneous interdependencies between performance and leverage. Performance reduction and debt levels increase are associated with activity diversification. Performance and leverage reduction is due to geographic diversification. Our estimation confirms reverse association between the interaction of diversification, leverage, and performance. Moreover, the findings are robust after taking into account alternative measures of diversification.     

企业核心竞争力与多元化经营战略

在市场经济体制下,多元化经营成为大企业实现可持续成长的共同战略,但企业成功实施多元化经营需具备资金、技术和管理等方面的实力.而近年来我国一些企业核心竞争力的下降与盲目地多样化战略有很大关系,所以回归主营业务和建立核心竞争力是企业应该考虑的首要战略.     

CONSTRUING THE BUSINESS PORTFOLIO: A COGNITIVE MODEL OF DIVERSIFICATION[1]

In investigating the concept of diversification and its link to performance, strategy researchers have tended to emphasize economic, technological, or market characteristics that distinguish or relate one business to another. However, by ignoring the mental maps corporate-level managers use to understand and manage strategic variety among their firm's businesses, strategy research has failed to produce an overall theory that links diversification to performance. Although the literature has begun to reaffirm the importance of developing a cognitive concept of diversification, researchers have been frustrated by the paucity of methods that are suitable for operationalizing the subjective characteristics of managerial mental maps into quantitative and reproducible measures. In addressing this deficit, this article proposes the use of the Repertory Grid, a set of procedures that facilitates elicitation and quantification of top managers' mindsets towards the firm's mix of businesses. After outlining the theoretical and methodological foundations of the Repertory Grid, the paper defines indices of grid structure and content and demonstrates the utility of grid data for assessing diversification.     

建筑企业多元化战略的研究

介绍了多元化战略的理论和类型，并结合建筑企业，分析了实施多元化战略的动因和风险，总结了建筑企业实施多元化战略的成功要素，提出如何正确的实施多元化战略。     

关于多元化经营战略与公司绩效关系的实证分析

企业多元化战略与经营绩效的关系也一直是战略管理研究的重要课题之一。本文从我国上市公司中抽取30多家作为样本。通过建立模型,利用描述性统计和回归分析方法证实了我国上市公司多元化战略与企业经营绩效的关系,为我国企业实行多元化经营战略提供理论依据。     

Corporate diversification and innovation: Managerial myopia or inefficient internal capital markets?

Which is more innovative: the decentralized, diversified firm, or the centralized, more narrowly focused firm? The economics and finance literatures argue that diversified firms have innovation advantages as their operating units have access to an internal capital market. In contrast, the strategy and entrepreneurship literatures argue that managers of these firms suffer from “managerial myopia,” discouraging them from investing in projects with long-term, uncertain payoffs. We take a fresh look at the relationship between innovation and diversification using a comprehensive sample of diversified and nondiversified firms and a novel approach that teases out the mechanisms influencing the relationship between diversification and innovation. Consistent with conceptual and empirical work in strategy, we find a robust negative correlation between diversification and R&D intensity, suggesting that diversification reduces innovation by discouraging investment. However, our analysis suggests that internal capital market inefficiencies, rather than managerial myopia, is responsible for this observed negative relationship.