外销员第一步出运

外贸的过程分为接订单、跟单和出运三块,如果刚进入这个行当就讲销售这一块是行不通的,最好是先从出运开始入手,再做跟单最后才是接订单。先了解出运可以有助于了解外贸的整个环节。     

The behavior and performance of major types of futures traders

This article examines the behavior and performance of speculators and hedgers in 15 U.S. futures markets. We find that after controlling for market risk factors, speculators are contrarians, but respond positively to market sentiment. In contrast, hedgers engage in positive feedback trading and trade against market sentiment. We also find that trades of speculators (hedgers) are positively (negatively) correlated with subsequent abnormal returns; however, it does not appear that speculators possess superior forecasting power. Therefore, hedging pressure effects likely explain the negative relation between the performance of speculators and hedgers. The positive feedback trading by hedgers together with their negative performance suggests that hedgers have a destabilizing impact on futures prices. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 23:1–31, 2003     

诱惑的法则——网络广告文案创作的五种诱惑

“广告是文字的行当”，大卫·奥格威的经典论述折射出文案在网络广告中“无可取代”的地位。网络广告的核心优势是“双向互动”，这就决定了网络广告文案对“诱惑性”的强调，因此，有必要进行“诱惑性”网络广告文案的创作。     

Learning representation of stock traders and immediate price impacts

We use 239-day trading-level data for a stock on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, including about 440,000 traders and 1.77 million trading relationships, to study the representation of traders in a trading network using the network representation learning method, and to identify different traders' local outlier factor (LOF). Based on the local outlier factors, traders are divided into two categories: novel and normal. The novel traders' orders have smaller immediate price impact. Our method can be used to characterize and discover the behavior of medium-scale trading networks and provide certain decision support for market investors and regulators.     

All that glitters is not gold: The dual effect of activation technique in advertising

The research examines the two paths of influence of activation technique in advertising, defined as engaging in motor activity required to reveal the advertising message. Under the first path, activation technique enhances the perceived creativity of the advertisement, via its structural and design aspects; whereas under the second path it influences processing fluency via its compatibility with the message. In the latter, activation technique may detract from overall evaluations of the advertisement, especially when the motor activity is incompatible with the message. Two experimental designs demonstrate this dual effect and its underlying mechanism.     

The effect of voluntary and mandatory corporate social responsibility on earnings management: Evidence from India and the 2% rule

Utilizing the natural experiment presented by India's Companies Act of 2013, this paper investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement and earnings management. India's Act includes provisions designed to improve governance and financial audits, as well as a unique mandate requiring firms that satisfy size or profitability criteria to spend a minimum of 2% of reported income on CSR initiatives. We examine the earnings management behavior of firms that voluntarily reported CSR expenditures prior to the Act's implementation as well as those firms that began to report CSR spending as a consequence of the mandate. Results indicate that firms which voluntarily reported CSR expenditures before the Act also engaged in more earnings management than other firms, consistent with CSR being used manipulatively in the pre-Act period. Once the Act was in effect, evidence indicates that on average firms engaged in less earnings management. However, the results suggest the CSR mandate did not have a significant marginal impact on earnings manipulations, implying that the observed decrease in earnings management in the post-Act period was primarily due to other provisions of the Act, such as those related to corporate governance.     

“双循环”诊断体系——BBSN企业网络声誉管理解决方案

回顾刚刚过去的2008年，社会舆论的显著特点是呈现”网络化”的趋势。从年初的“艳照门”事件，到“虎照门”事件，汶川地震期间的”范跑跑“事件，到“三鹿”粉奶事件网络已经日益成为事件传播的主阵地。     

Where are the fundamental traders? A model application based on the Shanghai Stock Exchange

This study develops a model to disaggregate traders into categories based on their strategic approach to (fundamental versus technical) and perception about future price trends. Testing the model with data from the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE), the study finds a minimal presence of fundamental traders. However, model estimation reveals that the SSE is weak-form efficient as technical traders do not earn abnormal profits.     

When do informed traders acquire and trade on informational advantage? Evidence from Federal Reserve stress tests

Using Federal Reserve bank stress test announcements, we examine when option traders acquire informational advantage and when they exploit it. We find consistent evidence of informed options trading around announcements. However, when test results are announced in successive weeks we find high abnormal option volume, considerably positive abnormal returns and significant return predictability in the first week, but not the following week. This suggests that informed option traders are able to anticipate upcoming news events and skillfully process public information but it also suggests that trading on acquired information is conditioned on the level of information asymmetry in the market.     

The no-choice option and dual response choice designs

Choice set designs that include a constant or no-choice option have increased efficiency, better mimic consumer choices, and allow one to model changes in market size. However, when the no-choice option is selected no information is obtained on the relative attractiveness of the available alternatives. One potential solution to this problem is to use a dual response format in which respondents first choose among a set of available alternatives in a forced-choice task and then choose among the available alternatives and a no-choice option. This paper uses a simulation to demonstrate and confirm the possible gains in efficiency of dual response over traditional choice-based conjoint tasks when there are different proportions choosing the no-choice option. Next, two choice-based conjoint analysis studies find little systematic violation of IIA with the addition/deletion of a no-choice option. Further analysis supports the hypothesis that selection of the no-choice option is more closely related to choice set attractiveness than to decision difficulty. Finally, validation evidence is presented. Our findings show that researchers can employ the dual response approach, taking advantages of the increased power of estimation, without concern for systematically biasing the resulting parameter estimates. Hence, we argue this is a valuable approach when there is the possibility of a large number of no-choices and preference heterogeneity.     

Price or quality? The influence of fluency on the dual role of price

Despite extensive pricing research focusing on price information processing, the importance of the role of fluency on price-perceived quality and monetary sacrifice remains unclear. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate that consumers with high retrieval and processing fluency are more likely to evaluate price according to its implications for perceived quality and less likely to focus on price-perceived monetary sacrifice. By contrast, consumers with low retrieval and processing fluency are more likely to evaluate price according to its implications for monetary sacrifice and less likely to focus on price-perceived quality. Besides, study 2 further demonstrates the influence of fluency on purchase intention. Finally, the mediating role of the incidental affect induced by fluency in the theoretical link between fluency and price perceptions is also demonstrated.     

论党的领导与依法治国的关系

1997年9月中共十五大提出的党领导人民依法治国的基本方略."依法治国,建设社会主义法制国家"已被写人我国的根本大法宪法中.这是马克思主义党的领导理论的重要发展,也是党的领导方式和执政方式的重大进步,对于进一步加强和改善党的领导,推进社会主义民主法制建设必将产生重大而深远的影响.     

The optimal policy rule under rational expectations and multiplier uncertainty

This paper shows the role of macro policy under multiplier uncertainty when expectations are rational and the supply structure is affected by price level variance. Policy less is a function of price level variance and possibly of the expected price level. If the letter argument is omitted from the less function, optimal policy simply minimizes the horizontal variance of the aggregate demand curve. If it is not omitted, the level of policy depends on the responsiveness of the supply structure to price level variance, and there may be multiple local policy optima.     

The effect of openness on corruption

The seminal paper on the subject of corruption and trade is from Kruger (1974). She finds that quantitative trade restrictions shift resources from directly productive activities to rent seeking activities, such as corruption. This paper analyses the relationship between corruption and trade using corruption estimates and trade measures from multiple sources. The majority of empirical evidence supports a negative relationship between corruption and openness; however, this does not hold for all the data sets available. The estimated relationship seems to depend on the choice of the corruption index. Therefore, the data only provide weak support for the contention that trade restrictions increase corruption.     

浅议新会计准则下商业银行的创新发展

本文浅议了新会计准则下商业银行的创新发展.     

基于关联规则挖掘的无线电频谱占用预测

无线电频谱占用预测是认知无线电研究中的关键技术之一。实验采用中星世通CS-805F可搬移监测测向系统对四川省成都市的GSM900上行频段（890~915 MHz）和广播电视业务的部分频段（750~806 MHz）进行了为期24 h的实地监测,针对频谱监测中产生的大量历史数据,选用了部分周期模式的关联规则挖掘方法,挖掘频谱使用中存在的频繁模式,并由信道占用频繁模式生成强关联规则,得到特定业务频段的使用规律,从而实现无线电频谱的占用预测。实验结果表明,该方法在两个业务频段的占用预测均取得了较好的效果,准确率分别可达74.02%和83.98%。另外,实验指出了该算法的敏感参数并进行了简要分析。实验对研究认知无线电设备实施动态频谱接入和提高频谱使用率有一定意义。