Business ethics research at the world's leading universities and business schools

This paper explores the role of the leading universities and best-ranked business schools in the evolution of the academic field of business ethics. An advanced bibliometric methodology is applied to publications in business ethics from the major universities of the Shanghai ARWU ranking and from the FT-ranked business schools. The comprehensive bibliometric study encompasses multiple indicators and examines the evolution of business ethics publications over time. Business ethics research is built on two complementary interdisciplinary streams of research, philosophy, and management. The study indicates that it were not the top universities that contributed most to research advancements in the field of business ethics but second and third tier universities. This finding suggests that academic research in new subfields constitutes a niche strategy for universities and business schools to differentiate themselves. The study furthermore highlights the prominent role of the product champion or ‘idea champion’ in management research at universities. The diffusion of business ethics research illustrates the possibilities for lower ranked business schools with lower budget to excel in specialised subfields and interdisciplinary subthemes.     

The role of imports for exporter performance in Peru

Using highly disaggregated firm‐level customs data for imports and exports in Peru over the 2000–12 period, we explore the relationship between imports of intermediate inputs and firm export performance. The evidence shows that greater use, variety and quality of imported intermediate inputs are significantly correlated with higher export levels and growth, greater market diversification and higher export quality at the firm level, even after controlling for unobserved firm heterogeneity. Exporter–importers exposed to higher tariffs, and non‐tariff measures import less in total and exhibit lower import variety, whereas those using an advance customs clearance procedure designed to facilitate imports exhibit higher imports and a more diversified bundle of inputs.     

Go all out for China leading and world class green products

＂As the industry leader, Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding insists that the corporate future comes from pursuit for sustainable development,＂ said Wang Qi, general manager of Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbui...     

世界三大食品展齐居欧洲

欧盟是全球最大的食品和饮料产品的进出口地区,中国和欧盟有着巨大的食品贸易潜力,面对如此巨大的市场,中国企业正在越来越多地积极开拓.     

擂茶的制作工艺

以花生为主料,配以绿豆、芝麻、茶叶、姜等辅料,将主料与辅料按一定比例混合,生产出一种营养丰富、清凉解渴的保健饮料——擂茶。     

The impact of national culture and communication on exporter–distributor relations and on export performance

Interorganizational relations have been a major focus of marketing scholars in the past 2–3 decades. In this study, we explore the impact of national cultural differences, a factor that is unique to international relations, on behavior variables in exporter–foreign middleman relations. Furthermore, we argue that communication has an extended role in international channel relationships, and that it influences relationship variables in a different manner than in domestic relationships. The study supports that national cultural distance and communication have significant impact on trust and commitment, that communication may influence variables differently than in domestic relations, and that the degree of commitment toward the foreign distributor or agent is directly related to the financial performance in that market.     

央视品牌的绿色价值

央视确定品牌化经营战略方向后，提出了绿色的品牌价值承诺。我们可将其绿色价值分解成如下四个关键词：第一个关键词是“品质”。就是通过频道、栏目和节目的制作和广告业务的经营，央视将高品质的感知和价值传递给客户；第二个关键词是“健康”。健康代表有益，注重社会责任的，而不是有害，违背社会责任；第三个关键词是“持续”。“持续”代表和谐、不浪费、不伤害、可持续发展；第四个关键词是“诚信”。如绿色奥运的释义中便包括排除兴奋剂、排除贿选丑闻等诚信元素。     

The emergence of green talent

Several factors are driving an increase in the supply of and demand for "green talent", employees with the mindsets and skills to drive sustainability. But many business leaders do not fully understand the implications of this change in the workforce. John Glen, Chris Hilson and Eric Lowitt believe corporate chiefs need to learn – quickly.     

浅谈绿色贸易壁垒

随着经济全球化和世界环保浪潮的日益高涨,环境因素在国际贸易中的影响力在不断加大.绿色贸易与绿色贸易壁垒成为人们普遍关注的课题之一,并日益深刻地影响着世界各国贸易的发展.     

Establishment heterogeneity,exporter dynamics,and the effects of trade liberalization

We study the effects of tariffs and iceberg trade costs in a two-sector dynamic variation of the Melitz (2003) model extended to include a sunk cost of exporting, establishment-level uncertainty in productivity, capital accumulation, and material usage. We calibrate the model to match both cross-sectional and dynamic aspects of US producers related to export participation and the establishment lifecycle. We find a tariff equivalent of fixed export costs of 30 percentage points. We also find that a sizeable share of export profits is a return to the organizational capital from investing in export capacity rather than creating an establishment. We use the model to estimate the effect of reducing tariffs on welfare, trade, and export participation. We find that eliminating an 8 percent tariff increases the ratio of trade to GDP from 3.9% to 7.4% and raises welfare by 1.02%. Along the transition, consumption overshoots its steady state, even as trade and the capital stock grow gradually, so that the change in steady state consumption understates the welfare gain. Models without a dynamic export decision generate more gradual aggregate transition dynamics and smaller gains from trade. Capital accumulation and material usage are important sources of the welfare gains to trade.     

Establishment heterogeneity,exporter dynamics,and the effects of trade liberalization

We study the effects of tariffs and iceberg trade costs in a two-sector dynamic variation of the Melitz (2003) model extended to include a sunk cost of exporting, establishment-level uncertainty in productivity, capital accumulation, and material usage. We calibrate the model to match both cross-sectional and dynamic aspects of US producers related to export participation and the establishment lifecycle. We find a tariff equivalent of fixed export costs of 30 percentage points. We also find that a sizeable share of export profits is a return to the organizational capital from investing in export capacity rather than creating an establishment. We use the model to estimate the effect of reducing tariffs on welfare, trade, and export participation. We find that eliminating an 8 percent tariff increases the ratio of trade to GDP from 3.9% to 7.4% and raises welfare by 1.02%. Along the transition, consumption overshoots its steady state, even as trade and the capital stock grow gradually, so that the change in steady state consumption understates the welfare gain. Models without a dynamic export decision generate more gradual aggregate transition dynamics and smaller gains from trade. Capital accumulation and material usage are important sources of the welfare gains to trade.     

Heterogeneous firms,exporter networks and the effect of distance on international trade

Distance effects in gravity equations are high and are not decreasing over time. Given that technical change in transport technology is biased in favor of long distances, this constitutes a challenge for existing theoretical models. In line with recent empirical evidence, this paper introduces a spillover effect from the number of exporters to the fixed costs of exporting into a trade model with heterogeneous firms. Since less firms export to remote markets, the equilibrium fixed costs are increasing in distance. This creates an additional effect of distance on aggregate trade flows: while the intensive margin of trade is unaffected, the extensive margin is magnified. This magnification leads to higher predicted distance effects. In addition, it offers a new perspective on non-decreasing distance effects: a relatively moderate strengthening of the spillover over time is sufficient to generate a constant distance elasticity.     

城市规划对城市发展的主导作用分析

在城市发展的过程中,城市规划和房地产开发商两者都具有举足轻重的地位.城市规划定位城市的性质,决定城市发展的方向,既在宏观层面又在微观层面指导城市的发展.开发商则决定了城市的细胞--建筑或社区的风格和形体.城市规划主导了城市的改变,而开发商的作用也不容忽视.     

城市规划对城市发展的主导作用分析

在城市发展的过程中,城市规划和房地产开发商两者都具有举足轻重的地位.城市规划定位城市的性质,决定城市发展的方向,既在宏观层面又在微观层面指导城市的发展.开发商则决定了城市的细胞--建筑或社区的风格和形体.城市规划主导了城市的改变,而开发商的作用也不容忽视.     

苦瓜的抑菌作用和苦瓜茶

苦瓜的提取液对常见的食品污染菌有较强的抑制作用,可以与茶叶一起作为原料制成苦瓜茶。