Airline Codeshare Alliances

The paper juxtaposes the challenges that airline codeshare alliances create for analytical information systems on the one hand and their motivation from a marketing perspective on the other. The authors review the state-of-the-art literature on potential marketing benefits and analyze the impact on airline planning systems. In this regard, revenue management systems are of particular interest. Based on a simulation study, the authors infer a severe impact of decentralized codeshare controls as currently widely implemented in the industry on revenue management performance. In the scenarios examined, complementary codesharing reduces alliance-wide revenues by up to 1 %. Losses increase when a carrier experiences high local demand or a high degree of codeshare demand, and disseminate over the whole network. Virtual codeshares also cause losses of 0.3 % to 1.5 % depending on the discount level offered by the marketing carrier and on the demand structure. Finally, the authors formulate a set of managerial implications based on these findings.     

The CRM process in retail and service sector firms in Japan: Loyalty development and financial return

Research on customer relationship management (CRM) in general has focused on the effects of customer satisfaction with CRM, customer retention and profit management, and the effects of CRM technique on performance. Conceptually, however, a sequence of effects of CRM is expected, from CRM implementation to financial performance, but this sequence has not been explored. Whilst several definitions of CRM have been proposed, this article defines CRM as relationship-development programmes based on IT. CRM is regarded as the integration of relationship technology (i.e. data consolidating and data mining) with loyalty schemes. Survey research was conducted in Japan in the retail and service industries to test three hypotheses: (1) a firm's relationship orientation has a positive effect on CRM implementation (data warehousing, data mining, using customer data for decision making); (2) CRM implementation has a positive effect on return on equity; and (3) CRM implementation has an indirect effect on return on equity, mediated by customisation. Using a structural equation model the first hypothesis was supported, but the third hypothesis was only partially supported. In these analyses a direct effect of CRM implementation on return on equity (ROE) was supported; however, a negative impact of customisation on ROE was found.     

高新技术企业综合评估系统研究

对高新技术企业的评估是一项非常重要的工作,因为它直接关系到对高新技术企业投资的成功与否。根据我国实际情况,结合国内外已有的研究成果,运用AHP法建立高新技术企业评估指标体系,并且利用模糊数学建立高新技术企业综合评估模型,旨在较好地解决对高新技术企业评估的问题。     

The Influence of Nutrition Information on Choice: The Roles of Temptation,Conflict and Self-Control

This study investigated the impact of nutrition information on consumers' choice of a cake and examined the roles of key psychological decision factors. Based on a generalized linear model, results of an experiment on 299 female consumers in the United Kingdom showed that the presence of nutrition information in the form of Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) had a direct impact on food choice. GDA information had a moderating effect on the relationship between two psychological factors (conflict and self-control, but not temptation) and consumer choice. Temptation, conflict and self-control had direct effects on choice.     

生产性服务业与制造业关系的结构分析

在研究生产性服务业和制造业相互关系时,现有文献集中在整体性分析上,分析的对象也大多是一个国家。本文尝试以一个区域为例,重点对生产性服务业和制造业相互关系进行结构性分析。结果显示人才流、资金流、知识和信息流、物流等不同类别生产性服务业的发展对制造业的影响存在很大的差异;生产性服务业对不同要素密集型制造业的影响程度也明显不同。因此,只有以制造业为基础并与制造业联动,有针对性地推行各种类型生产性服务业发展的经济政策才是切实可行的。     

SME internationalization and performance: Growth vs. profitability

Lu and Beamish (2001) examined the effect of two internationalization strategies, exporting and foreign direct investment (FDI), on SME performance (ROA). We extend this research by examining the differential effects of these strategies on two other dimensions of SME performance: growth and ROS. We develop and test four sets of hypotheses using a sample of 164 Japanese SMEs. We find that exporting activity has a positive impact on growth, but negative impact on profitability. FDI activity has a positive relationship with growth, but a U curve relationship with profitability. Exporting activity has a positive moderating effect on the relationship between an SME’s FDI activity and firm growth, a negative moderating effect on the relationship between an SME’s FDI activity and firm profitability. An SME’s age when it starts to make FDIs has a negative moderating impact on the relationship between FDI and firm growth and profitability.     

A note on tariffication strategy cases in telecommunications

The tariff policy of a telecommunication operator has a strategic importance on achieving optimal revenues and a fundamental impact on its position in the competition with other operators on the liberalised telecommunication market. The payment for a connection through a telecommunication network may be determined by a rate for one call unit, by the duration of the call unit and their count during a call. An operator derives the rate and the duration of the call unit from a detailed analysis of large databases that contain statistical data on counts and duration of particular calls depending on the type of call. Usually only the operator knows these data files and keeps them confidential. In this note we show how it is possible to estimate revenues from telecommunication traffic only knowing a set of basic parameters.     

Start-ups and employment dynamics within and across sectors

We use a decade of longitudinal data on start-ups and employment in Swedish regions to analyze the effect of start-ups on subsequent employment growth. We extend previous analyses by decomposing the effect of start-ups on total employment change into within- and cross-sector effects. We find that start-ups in a sector influence employment change in the same as well as in other sectors. The results illustrate that the known S-shaped pattern can be attributed to the different effects of start-ups in a sector on employment change in the same sector and in others. Start-ups in a sector have a positive impact on employment change in the same sector. The effects on employment change in other sectors may be negative or positive, and depend on the sector under consideration. In particular, start-ups in high-end services deviate from manufacturing and low-end services in that they have significant negative impacts on employment change in other sectors. The findings are consistent with the idea that start-ups are a vehicle for change in the composition of regional industry.     

Shopping enjoyment and store shopping modes: The moderating influence of chronic time pressure

The objectives of this study were to investigate: (a) whether shopping enjoyment has a differential influence on two key store shopping modes (browsing vs. bargain hunting); (b) whether the level of chronic time pressure moderates the influence of shopping enjoyment on each shopping mode; and (c) whether each of the shopping modes has a differential influence on hedonic shopping value. Data were collected from a sample of US store shoppers (n=1009). Results revealed that the influence of shopping enjoyment was much stronger on the browsing mode than on the bargain hunting mode. In turn, the browsing mode exerted a stronger influence on hedonic shopping value. Also, this study confirmed that the level of chronic time pressure significantly moderated the influence of shopping enjoyment on the browsing mode. Implications for brick-and-mortar retailers were discussed with suggestions for future research.     

Firm-level volatility and exports

This paper shows that the share of exports in the total sales of a firm has a positive and substantial impact on the volatility of its sales. Decomposing the volatility of sales of exporters between their domestic and export markets, I show using an identification strategy based on a firm-specific geographical instrument that firms with a larger export share have more volatile domestic sales and less volatile exports. These empirical patterns can be explained using a model in which firms face market-specific shocks and short-run convex costs of production. In such a framework, firms react to a shock in one market by adjusting their sales in the other market. I point to strong evidence that output variations on the domestic and export market are negatively correlated at the firm level. This result casts doubts on the standard hypothesis that firms face constant marginal costs and maximize profits on their different markets independently of each other. Furthermore, it points to the caveat that sales volatility on a particular market only gives limited information about the size of shocks on that market.     

Technological opportunism effects on IT adoption,intra-firm diffusion and performance: Evidence from the U.S. and Spain

The paper pursues a joint analysis of the direct influence of the level of a firm's technology opportunism capability on performance and on the adoption and intra-firm diffusion of Internet-based technologies. The study here examines the mediating effect that intra-firm diffusion exerts on the relationship between capabilities and performance. This study uses the results from a survey of 100 Spanish and 109 American franchise firms. Results indicate that the firm's level technological opportunism influences the adoption and intra-firm diffusion of technology and also has a positive impact on performance. While intra-firm diffusion is a driver of performance, adoption has no influence. Finally the indirect impact of technological opportunism on performance differs across countries. While for American firms, the integration of technologies into activities that related to communication with partners has a positive impact on performance; Spanish managers should focus on the integration of these technologies into back-end functionalities.     

The role of involvement: Investigating the effect of brand's social media pages on consumer purchase intention

This study examined the influence of consumer's brand familiarity and the information quality of social media content on their involvement with a brand on the brand's social media pages. Also studied were the influence of involvement on consumer's attitude towards the brand's social media page and the effect of their attitude on future purchase intention from the brand. The results indicated that both brand familiarity and information quality had significant effects on a consumer's involvement with a brand on its social media page, yet the brand's social media content had a greater influence on a consumer's involvement with the social media page. Further, involvement with a brand's social media led to a positive attitude towards the brand's social media page, which in turn influences future purchase intention from the brand. However, the involvement did not directly influence future purchase intention from the brand. The results suggest the significant importance of quality of social media content.     

The Economic Significance of User-Generated Feedback

This paper examines the impact of user-generated feedback on price at a price comparison site or shopbot. It employs a modified hedonic price function to explore the use made by current potential consumers of the experience of past actual consumers in evaluating quality attributes that were not observable when the product was initially launched on to the market. Using a database of daily observations on 211 digital cameras traded on NexTag.com, we find that the product’s star rating, reflecting all the available individual assessments of the product, has a significant negative impact on the discount on the manufacturer’s recommended selling price at which the product is offered.     

Folgt nach „TTIP Leaks“ nun doch „TTIP Light“?

The “TTIP Leaks” documents published by Greenpeace in Mai 2016 offered some new insides into the progress of TTIP negotiations and gave a new drive to public discussions on the issue. Although the value added in transparency produced by the Greenpeace papers is limited, it nevertheless seems to support the more critical opinion on TTIP. By building up pressure from the public, it reduces the probability to successfully finalize the ongoing negotiations within the intended timeframe and fosters the idea to agree on some form of “TTIP Light” rather than letting the negotiations fail completely. Based on available information including the Greenpeace papers, this article tries to analyze the most critically discussed elements of TTIP with a view to rationalize a decision on compromising on any of these components or on dropping some of them altogether in favor of a reduced “TTIP Light” solution.     

上"行"能否带来下"效"?——领导言行一致对员工敬业度的影响机制研究

基于214对UPS天津国际转运中心员工与其直接主管的配对调查数据,以社会交换理论互惠原则为理论基础构建一个被调节的中介模型,实证检验领导言行一致对员工敬业度的影响机制.研究结果显示: 领导言行一致对员工敬业度具有正向影响;心理安全感部分中介领导言行一致对员工敬业度的影响;职场友谊在心理安全感与员工敬业度的关系中起调节作用;职场友谊也调节了领导言行一致通过心理安全感对员工敬业度产生的间接影响,职场友谊水平越高,心理安全感的中介作用越强.本研究进一步完善了领导言行一致对员工敬业度的影响机制,能够为员工敬业度的管理实践提供有益启示.     

The Impact of Emotional Intelligence,Organizational Commitment,and Job Satisfaction on Ethical Behavior of Chinese Employees

This study examines the impact of various factors on ethical behavior of 507 employees working for three state-owned Chinese firms. Regulation of one’s emotions (a facet of emotional intelligence) had a significant positive impact on ethical behavior of respondents. Organizational commitment also had a significant positive impact on ethical behavior of the respondents. Among various facets of job satisfaction, satisfaction with promotion, coworker, and supervision had a significant positive impact on ethical behavior of respondents. Among control variables, age of the employee had a significant negative impact on ethical behavior, which indicated that the young employees showed a better ethical behavior than the old employees.     

基于目标理论的混合产品评价效应研究

以目标理论为基础,文章通过实验验证了消费者对混合产品的评价存在两条路径——目标启发效应和目标稀释效应：当混合产品的基础产品是典型产品时,添加目标一致附加功能评价最好;当基础产品是非典型产品时,添加目标不一致附加功能的评价最好;当同样是添加目标一致功能,消费者对以典型产品为基础的混合产品评价,要高于以非典型产品为基础的混合产品的评价;而当同样是添加目标不一致功能,消费者对以非典型产品为基础的混合产品的评价,要高于以典型产品为基础的混合产品的评价。     

Effects of social influence on consumers' voluntary adoption of innovations prompted by others

Research on innovation adoption focuses on voluntary adoption, although non-voluntary or prompted adoption decisions are prevalent in real life, especially for high-tech products and services. This study aims to investigate the effect of social influence on consumers' innovation adoption in the context of prompted adoption. In particular, the present paper models the duration of voluntary adoption as a function of social norms, attractiveness of the prompter, number of prompters, and so on. Prior knowledge is not only a control variable, but also a moderating variable for a few social factors. This paper validates models relying on the illustrative application of a mobile gift service called Gifticon. The results provide much insight for marketing practitioners on how to accelerate consumers' adoption behavior and therefore the diffusion of innovative products.     

动态外部性、外国直接投资与地区产业增长——基于中国数据的实证研究

本文利用我国29个省25个产业面板数据研究了动态外部性、外国直接投资与地区产业增长之间的关系。结果发现:在全国样本内,专业化水平与地区产业增长之间存在着负向关系、竞争程度与地区产业增长之间存在着正向关系、多样化水平与地区产业增长之间存在着一种非线性关系,当多样化程度较低时,多样化不利于产业增长,而当多样化水平较高时,多样化则会促进产业增长、外国直接投资对地区产业增长存在着显著促进作用;在分地区分产业分析中,外国直接投资对地区产业增长促进作用在很大程度上取决于产业的相对技术水平以及产业的地理区位。