我国延迟退休年龄与养老金缺口关系的研究

在老龄化高峰加速到来,养老金收支平衡压力加大等背景下,近年来,"延迟退休"的话题引起了社会各界的关注与争论。本文认为延迟退休年龄并不能完全弥补养老金缺口。本文提出可以采取加大财政支持力度,划转部分国有资本充实社会保障基金,加大对社保资金的审计监督力度等措施有效弥补养老金缺口。     

延迟退休年龄对养老金资金平衡的影响

退休年龄是我国养老保险工作开展中的一项关键参数,在我国老龄人口不断增加的情况下,对退休年龄进行延迟已经成 为了一项势在必行的工作.在本文中,将就延迟退休年龄对养老金资金平衡的影响进行一定的研究.     

基于延迟退休年龄的企业人力资源管理变革

人社部已明确表示延迟退休年龄已成为必然趋势并将适时出台相应政策,这些政策不仅对社会产生深远影响,对企业人力资源管理而言既是机遇又是挑战,企业应积极做出相应的人力资源管理变革。     

基于延迟退休年龄的企业人力资源管理变革

人社部已明确表示延迟退休年龄已成为必然趋势并将适时出台相应政策,这些政策不仅对社会产生深远影响,对企业人力资源管理而言既是机遇又是挑战,企业应积极做出相应的人力资源管理变革.     

延迟退休年龄与财政养老支出优化效应

随着人口老龄化程度加深,具有兜底属性的财政养老支出将逐渐加大,本文依据延迟退休年龄与财政养老支出联动机制,构建养老保险缴费系数和给付系数以及财政养老支出优化计量模型,研究延迟退休年龄与财政养老支出优化之间的联动规律。研究发现：延迟退休年龄到65岁,2035年养老保险缴费优化系数将达到1.15;养老保险给付优化系数将达到2.81;财政养老支出优化系数将达到3.96。2030年财政养老支出优化系数为GDP的1.42%,2035年为GDP的1.98%。研究结果对于“十四五”时期和2035年远景目标实现期优化财政养老支出,具有应用价值。     

关于我国人口老龄化背景下延迟法定退休年龄的分析

我国现行的法定退休年龄规定延续于20世纪50年代的退休制度设计,严重不适宜我国目前快速进入老龄化社会、人口预期寿命延长以及社会养老保险压力过重等情况。对此,社会广泛关注我国退休政策改革,特别是延迟法定退休年龄。本文就我国现行法定退休年龄存在的问题进行分析,认为有必要延迟退休年龄。     

关于我国人口老龄化背景下延迟法定退休年龄的分析

我国现行的法定退休年龄规定延续于20世纪50年代的退休制度设计,严重不适宜我国目前快速进入老龄化社会、人口预期寿命延长以及社会养老保险压力过重等情况。对此,社会广泛关注我国退休政策改革,特别是延迟法定退休年龄。本文就我国现行法定退休年龄存在的问题进行分析,认为有必要延迟退休年龄。     

退休年龄延迟之困

“你是否赞成延迟退休年龄？”这个话题最近成为各大网站投票率最高的话题之一。事情的缘由是全国老龄工作委员会办公室副主任吴玉韶的一次表态。7月10日,吴玉韶对媒体表示,目前人社部和老龄办对延迟退休年龄问题正在研究。而此前人社部社会保障所所长何平曾提出应逐步延长退休年龄,建议到2045年不论男女,退休年龄均为65岁。     

延迟退休年龄政策平稳推进路径研究——以江苏省为例

基于江苏省调研资料和数据分析,从理解性、制度性、技术性等层面分析研究退休政策平稳推进过程中面临的问题。由于民众对延退理解误区,普遍存有抵触心理;加之养老保险制度公平缺失,就业制度不完善,家庭扶持政策不足;同时养老保险的技术性问题层出不穷,高缴费水平、待遇计发办法与调整办法不合理,加剧改革难度。于此,我国延迟退休年龄需要在消除民众认识误区基础上,了解改革的现实需要,着力解决相关制度和技术存在的问题,选择适合我国国情和社会环境的延迟退休年龄改革路径。     

中国退休年龄的现状、问题及实施延迟退休的必要性分析

中国退休年龄基本沿用了20世纪50年代的规定,存在着退休年龄较低、男女退休年龄差距较大、提前退休较为严重等问题。从降低养老保险支付压力、应对人口红利期即将结束和增强经济竞争力等各种现实情况考虑,实施延迟退休具有必要性。但是,在延迟退休政策的制定上要通过弹性制度、自愿选择等方式,降低对社会公众的影响。     

养老保险全国统筹、渐进式延迟退休与基金可持续

基于精算模型分析养老金全国统筹与渐进式延迟退休年龄政策对养老保险基金可持续性的影响,结果显示：全国统筹政策在短期使财政负担下降100%,长期内不能有效降低财政负担。在此基础上实施“女先男后”和“男女同步”渐进式延迟退休年龄政策能分别使养老保险累计财政负担降低6.68%和34.36%。为有效减轻养老保险基金支付压力和财政负担,应完善全国统筹政策,并尽快出台渐进式延迟退休年龄方案。     

延迟退休政策下养老保险的收入再分配效应研究

一般认为统筹养老保险制度存在明显的收入再分配,并有缩小收入差距的作用。那么,在实施延迟退休之后,随着缴费期的延长,对基本养老保险收入再分配效应会有怎么样的影响呢?基于此,以《国家统计年鉴》的数据为基础,运用数值模拟首先测算当前退休年龄下养老保险的收入再分配效应,在此基础上,进一步分析并比较不同的退休年龄以及预期寿命对延迟退休政策下养老保险收入再分配效应的影响。结果显示:(1)在居民预期寿命达到一定年龄时,推迟退休年龄能优化再分配收入格局,且减轻养老保险基金给付压力;(2)由于延迟退休会缩短养老金的领取年数,如果预期寿命没有达到一定年龄,此时若一味过度推迟退休年龄会使养老保险成为居民的"负担"。     

Gradual Retirement: An Additional Option in Work and Retirement

Abstract

Aging of the population raises many questions and issues for individuals, families, and society: economic, political, social, psychological, medical, ethical, moral, religious, and legal, all of which bear on the quality of life in its many dimensions. Economic security in old age is one rubric under which many of the problems and their possible solutions may be discussed. How a society arranges for its members to work and retire is an important facet in the provision for old-age economic security.

This article is concerned with the implications of demographic and labor force changes for work and retirement. It discusses the role of gradual (or phased) retirement in introducing flexibility into the range of choices between work and retirement.

Section 1 explains the rationale for gradual retirement. Section 2 spells out the barriers to implementing gradual retirement programs, including legal barriers and barriers relating to pension plan objectives. Section 3 discusses some possible solutions for implementing gradual retirement programs. Section 4 describes some selected examples of gradual retirement programs, and Section 5 contains concluding remarks.     

保险业与系统性风险：研究进程与争议回顾

以2000-2019年6月发表的118篇中外文献为基础,对2007-2009年金融危机前后的保险业系统性风险研究进行回顾和总结。研究发现：学界对保险业系统性风险的研究在金融危机后开始快速增长,研究内容最初集中在系统性风险的存在性与实证检验,随后转向对影响因素和成因机制的关注,同时,监管制度研究具有持续性。现有文献已经取得初步成果,今后可以从风险衡量手段比较、影响因素探析和监管制度等方面开展和深化研究。     

Research and Reality: A Literature Review on Drawing Down Retirement Financial Savings

How do, could, and should retirees draw down their financial savings? This article reviews over 100 papers on this topic from the perspective of individuals, families, governments, and financial institutions. Three significant conceptual/methodological weaknesses in the existing literature are identified: (1) analysts have examined a limited range of self-managed drawdown strategies; (2) nearly all have ignored home ownership, pensions, debt, and government taxes and transfers when quantitatively evaluating alternative drawdown strategies; and (3) there is a well-acknowledged gap between the behavior implied by economic models and that of real-life individuals, particularly when it comes to voluntary annuitization. Expanding the set of drawdown strategies evaluated (e.g., including larger payouts when life expectancy is reduced after the onset of a significant health condition, or using savings as bridge income to delay the take-up of Social Security payments), refining the income concept used, and more exact modeling of the trade-offs underlying individual decision-making will likely increase the appeal of self-managed drawdown strategies and help resolve the “annuity puzzle” that has long dominated this line of research. It may also lead to advice and financial products that will better meet the needs of retirees.     

Aging and Retirement: Evidence Across Countries

How do demographic factors influence retirement? Using a large cross-country data set, I show that in countries with a larger share of elderly in their population the length of retirement is longer. This result holds true if I control for wealth effects, and when the effective labor force participation rate of the elderly is used instead of the official retirement age. Retirement policies and the social security size are strictly related: a new variable, representing the aggregate relevance of retirement policies, turns out to be significant in explaining the size of social security. Finally, the total amount of social security transfers is positively related with the increase of the elderly population, while in per capita terms this relation is not significant.     

The Bullionist Controversy: Theory and New Evidence

The Bullionist Controversy in the United Kingdom is one of the first debates about the determination of the price level and the exchange rate under a paper money standard. Despite the importance of the debate in the development of monetary theory, there remains little empirical evidence that uses modern, multivariate time series techniques. The evidence that does exist provides support for the Anti‐Bullionist position. The purpose of this paper is to review the debate and develop a dynamic general equilibrium model that is capable of capturing key features of the nineteenth‐century British financial system. The model is estimated using Bayesian procedures to test the competing hypotheses. The paper provides support for the Bullionist position.     

Retirement and Healthy Eating

This paper investigates the effect of retirement on healthy eating using data drawn from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). We estimate the causal effect of retiring from work on daily fruit or vegetable consumption by exploiting policy changes in eligibility rules for early and statutory retirement. Our results show that changes in eating behaviour upon retirement are gender-specific: retirement induces men to reduce healthy eating; it has no effect on women. We further show that, for men, retirement increases the probability of becoming obese.